Naturalizme Karşı Evrimsel Argüman II: İçerik ve Doğal Seçilim

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 52 - 75, 30.06.2023

Translator: Tugay Taşçı

Abstract

Alvin Plantinga bu makalede çağdaş zihin felsefesinden alınan çeşitli epistemik içerik teorileri ele almaktadır ve bu teorilerin daha önce Naturalizme Karşı Evrimsel Argüman isimli makalesinde P(R⁄N&E) önermesinin R (rasyonel olarak geçerli olma) koşulu için ortaya attığı çürütene (defeater) karşı bir çürüten-saptırıcı (defeater-deflector) işlevi görüp göremeyeceğini soruşturmaktadır. İşlevselciliğin (functionalism) yanında, Dretske semantiği, Boolean yapıları, mümkün dünyalar semantiği, Millikan paradigmaları ve teleosemantik gibi teorileri incelemektedir. Nihai olarak Plantinga, bahsi geçen teorilerin, R için bir çürüten-saptırıcı görevini yerine getirme noktasında başarısız olduğunu, Naturalizme Karşı Evrimsel Argüman’da ortaya koyduğu argümanın-yani bir kimsenin hem evrimi hem de naturalizmi aynı anda savunmasının rasyonel olmadığını- yapılan muhtelif itirazlara karşın hâlâ geçerli olduğunu göstermektedir

Keywords

Naturalizm, Evrim, Doğal Seçilim, İnanç, Din Felsefesi

Evolutionary Argument against Naturalism II: Content and Natural Selection

Abstract

In this article, Alvin Plantinga discusses various theories of epistemic content drawn from contemporary philosophy of mind, and these theories offer a rebuttal against the premise of P(R⁄N&E) for the R (rationally valid) condition in his article The Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism. It is investigating whether it can function as a deflector. Besides functionalism, he examines theories such as Dretske semantics, Boolean structures, possible worlds semantics, Millikan paradigms and teleosemantics. Ultimately, Plantinga still argues that, despite various objections, the aforementioned theories fail to serve as a rebuttal-deflector for R, the argument he put forward in The Evolutionary Argument Against Naturalism—that is, that it is not rational for one to defend both evolution and naturalism at the same time.

Keywords

Naturalism, Evolution, Natural Selection, Philosophy of Religion, Faith

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