YUMUŞAK GÜÇ OLARAK KÜRESEL SAĞLIK DİPLOMASİSİ VE ÜLKE ÖRNEKLERİ

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 26, 55 - 67, 31.12.2024

Elif Özdilek

https://doi.org/10.58635/ufuksbedergi.1575276

Abstract

Bu çalışma, küresel sağlık diplomasisinin özelliklerini ve tezahürlerini inceleyerek, farklı uygulamalarını gösteren çeşitli örnekler sunmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, vaka çalışmaları ABD, İsveç, Brezilya ve Türkiye'den alınmıştır. Çok sayıda akademisyen, sağlığın devlet çıkarlarının birleştiği teknik bir alan olduğunu savunurken, bu araştırma bu düşünceye meydan okumaktadır; devletler sağlık politikalarında çeşitli çıkarlar sergilemektedir ve bu da koşullara bağlı olarak hem ulusal hem de uluslararası düzeyde bazen işbirlikçi, bazen de düşmanca olan ikili bir sağlık diplomasisi moduna yol açmaktadır. Ülkeler küresel sağlık zorluklarıyla mücadele etmek ve onlarla mücadele etmek için bir araya geldiklerinde, ulusal güvenlik çıkarlarını korumak için sağlığı bir dış politika aracı olarak kullanma eğiliminin yoğunlaştığını vurgulamaktadır. Araştırma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır: İlk bölüm, kamu diplomasisi, güç ve yumuşak güç hakkında tartışan ve sağlık diplomasisini ilgili örneklerle tanıtan bir giriş niteliğindedir. İkinci bölüm, sağlık diplomasisini mevcut literatür merceğinden incelerken, son bölüm sonucu sunmaktadır. Çalışmanın literatüre küresel sağlık diplomasisi ve yumuşak güç alanında katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Küresel Sağlık Diplomasisi,, ABD,, İsveç,, Brezilya,, Türkiye

GLOBAL HEALTH DIPLOMACY AS A SOFT POWER AND COUNTRY EXAMPLES

Abstract

This study explores the characteristics and manifestations of global health diplomacy, providing various examples that demonstrate its different applications. In this context, case studies are drawn from the USA, Switzerland, Brazil, and Turkey. While numerous scholars argue that health represents a technical area where state interests converge, this research challenges that notion; states exhibit diverse interests in their health policies, leading to a dual-mode of health diplomacy—sometimes collaborative, yet at other times adversarial—at both national and international levels, depending on the circumstances. It highlights that the tendency to utilize health as an instrument of foreign policy to protect national security interests intensifies when countries unite to tackle and combat global health challenges. The research is structured into three sections: the first part serves as an introduction, discussing public diplomacy, power and soft power, and introducing health diplomacy with relevant examples. The second section examines health diplomacy through the lens of existing literature, while the final section presents the conclusion. The study is expected to contribute to the literature in the field of global health diplomacy and soft power.

Keywords

Global Health Diplomacy,, USA,, Sweden,, Brazil,, Turkey

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