Öznel Yaşlanma ve Yaş Kimliği: Bir Derleme

Year 2023, , 60 - 74, 30.04.2023

Berkay Engin , Deniz Pamuk

https://doi.org/10.52613/ujhc.1174120

Abstract

Öznel yaş, bireyin öznel olarak deneyimlediği yaşı temsil eden bir kavramdır. Geleneksel olarak “kaç yaşında hissediyorsun?” şeklinde sorulmaktadır. Ancak zaman içerisinde çeşitli alt boyutları tanımlanmış ve çeşitli çalışmalarla incelenmiştir. Bu derlemede, öznel yaş kavramı ve onun alt boyutu olan yaş kimliği kavramına yönelik çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Çalışmalara göre, bireyin öznel yaşı, iyilik hali, sağlığı, motivasyonu, sosyal katılımı ve yaşlanma sürecindeki deneyimlerini belirleyen bir unsurdur. Yaşlılığın başlangıcı olarak kabul edilen kronolojik yaşın aksine, yaşlanma sürecinin öznelliği, ve yaşlanma sürecinin gerçekleştiği bağlamlar bireyin kendini yaşlı hissedip hissetmediği ve bu durumun etkili olduğu diğer unsurları belirler niteliktedir. Ayrıca yaş kimliği, sosyal yapı ve yaşam durumundan etkilenirken, bireyin daha sonraki deneyimlerini de etkilemektedir. Bu anlamda yaşam durumu ile çift yönlü bir ilişki olduğu ancak yaşla ilgili çalışmalar yapılırken yaşlanan bireyin öznel deneyimlerinin dikkate alınması gerektiği ortaya çıkmaktadır.

Keywords

Algılanmış yaş, Kronolojik yaş, Öznel yaş, Öznel yaşlanma, Yaş kimliği

Subjective Aging and Age Identity: A Review

Abstract

Subjective age is a concept that represents the age experienced by the individual subjectively. Traditionally, it is asked, “how old do you feel?”. However, over time, various sub-dimensions have been defined and examined in various studies. Studies on the concept of subjective age and its sub-dimension, age identity were reviewed in this review. According to studies, an individual's subjective age is a factor that determines well-being, health, motivation, social participation, and experiences in the aging process. Contrary to the chronological age, which is accepted as the onset of old age, the subjectivity of the aging process and the contexts in which the aging process takes place to determine whether the individual feels old and other factors on which this situation is effective. Moreover, while age identity is affected by the social structure and life situation, it also affects the later experiences of the individual. In this sense, it is revealed that there is a bidirectional relationship with the life situation but the subjective experiences of the aging individual should be taken into account when conducting age-related studies.

Keywords

Age identity, Chronological age, Perceived age, Subjective age, Subjective aging

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