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THE EUROPEANIZATION OF TURKEY: REFORM IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Year 2011, Issue: 7, 0 - , 13.05.2015

Abstract

A longstanding pre-candidate and relatively recent candidate to join the EU, Turkey has experienced
many ups and downs with the EU. The period that begins with the recognition of its status as a candidate
in 1999 and ends with the general elections held in 2007, that is to say, the recent period marked by the
first interval of the AKP government, is probably the most significant of these highs where it would be
possible to evoke a process of Europeanization. This article aims to study the impact of the process of
integration in Turkey in the context of local administration reform, which constituted the last section of
the reform process and to demonstrate that it did not bring a substantial legal and institutional transformation.

References

  • ANDERSEN, S.S. (2004), “The Mosaic of Europeanization: An Organizational
  • Perspective on National Re-contextualization”, Arena Working Papers, WP
  • (11), Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo.
  • Avrupa Birliği Genel Sekreterliği, Avrupa Birliği Müktesebatının Üstlenilmesine
  • İlişkin Türkiye Ulusal Programları [National Program for the Adoption of
  • the Acquis], available online at: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=194&l=1.
  • AYDIN, M. & AÇIKMEŞE, S.A. (2007), “Europeanization through EU conditionality:
  • understanding the new era in Turkish foreign policy”, Journal of Southern
  • Europe and the Balkans, 9(3), 263-274.
  • BACHE, I. (2010), “Europeanization and multi-level governance: EU cohesion
  • policy and pre-accession aid in Southeast Europe”, Southeast European and
  • Black Sea Studies, 10(1), 1-12.
  • BACHE, I., & JORDAN, A. (2006), "Europeanization and domestic change”.
  • I. Bache and A. Jordan (eds.), The Europeanization of British politics, Basingstoke :
  • Palgrave Macmillan, 17-36.
  • BAYRAKTAR, S.U. (2007), Turkish municipalities: Reconsidering local
  • democracy beyond administrative autonomy, available online at:
  • http://wwwejtsorg.revues.org/document1103.html
  • BELGENET (2002), AKP İktidarının Acil Eylem Planı [Emergency Action
  • Plan of AKP government], available online at: http://www.belgenet.com/
  • eko/acileylem_161102.html .
  • BÖRZEL, T, RISSE, T. (2000), “When Europe hits home: Europeanization
  • and domestique change”, European Integration Online Papers (EloP), 4(15), available
  • online at: http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/2000-015a.htm.
  • BÖRZEL, T. (1999), “Towards convergence in Europe? Institutional adaptation
  • to Europeanization in Germany and Spain”. Journal of Common Market Studies,
  • (4), 573-596.
  • BÖRZEL, T. (2002), “Pace setting, foot-dragging and fence-sitting: Membres
  • States responses to Europeanization”, Journal of Common Market Studies, 40(2),
  • -214.
  • BÖRZEL, T. & RISSE T. (2003), “Conceptualising the domestic impact of
  • Europe”. K. Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.), The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford:
  • Oxford University Press, 57-80.
  • CASANOVA, J. (2006), “The Long, Difficult, and Tortuous Journey of Turkey
  • into Europe and the Dilemmas of European Civilization”, Constellations, 13(2),
  • -247.
  • ÇELENK, A.A. (2009), “Europeanization and Administrative Reform: The
  • Case of Turkey”, Mediterranean Politics, 14(1), 41-60.
  • CHP (1999), „Yerel Çözüm 2000‟ [Local Solution 2000], available online at:
  • http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/1999_02526_.pdf.
  • CHP (2004), CHP Söz Veriyor: Yerel yönetimler için temel ilke ve çözümler,
  • [CHP Promises: Basic principles and solutions for local administrations], available
  • online at: http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/2004secim_.pdf .
  • CHP (2008), CHP Programı, [CHP Programme] available online at:
  • http://www.chp.org.tr/Dosyalar.aspx?FileCatID=5.
  • CHP (2009) Pusula Yerel Seçim‟09, [Compass Local Election‟09], available
  • online at: http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/Pusula_2009.pdf.
  • ÇINAR, M. (2006), “Turkey‟s transformation under the AKP rule”, The
  • Muslim World, 96(3), 469-486.
  • COMAN, R. (2006), “Les défis de l‟européanisation dans la réforme du
  • système judiciaire roumain post-communist. Entre inertie et transformation”, Revue
  • française de science politique, 6(56), 999-1027.
  • Comission of the European Communities (CEC) (2009), Turkey 2009 Progress
  • Report, available online at: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=123&l=1
  • Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2007), Turkey 2007 Progress
  • Report.
  • ELICIN, Y. (2008), UCLG Country Profiles: Republic of Turkey, available
  • online at: http://www.cities-localgovernments.org/gold/Upload/country_ profile/
  • Turkey.pdf.
  • ERTUGAL, Ebru (2010), Europeanization and multi-level governance in
  • Turkey, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 10(1), 97-110.
  • ERTUGAL, Ebru, Strategies for regional development: Challenges facing
  • Turkey on the road to EU membership, available online at:
  • http://www.esiweb.org/pdf/esi_turkey_tpq_id_40.pdf
  • European Parliament (19 March 2004), „Explanatory Statement, Report on
  • the 2003 Regular Report of the Commission on Turkey‟s Progress Towards Accession‟,
  • Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defence
  • Policy (Rapporteur Arie M. Oostlander), 7
  • FEATHERSTONE, K. (2003), “Introduction: In the Name of „Europe‟”, K.
  • Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.) The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford : Oxford
  • University Press, 3-26.
  • GRABBE, H. (2003), “Europeanization goes East: Power and Uncertainty in
  • the EU Accession Process” K. Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.) The Politics of Europeanization,
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press, 303-330.
  • HALL, P. (1993), “Policy Paradigmes, Social Learning and the State. The
  • Case of Economic Policy Making in Britain”, Comparative Politics, 25(3), 275-296.
  • INSEL, A. (2003), “The AKP and normalizing democracy in Turkey”, The
  • South Atlantic Quarterly, 102(2/3), 293-308.
  • JACOBSSON, B., Laegreid, P. & Pedersen, O.K. (2003), Europeanization
  • and Transnational States, London : Routledge.
  • KUBICEK, P. (2005), “The European Union and grassroots democratization
  • in Turkey”, Turkish Studies, 6(3), 361-377.
  • LAGENDIJK, A., KAYASU S., & YASAR S. (2009), “The Role of Regional
  • Development Agencies in Turkey: From Implementing EU Directives To
  • Supporting Regional Business Communities?”, European Urban and Regional Studies,
  • (4), 383-396.
  • LOEWENDAHL-ERTUGAL, E. (2005), “Europeanisation of Regional Policy
  • and Regional Governance: The Case of Turkey”, European Political Economy
  • Review, 3(1), 18-53.
  • MARCOU, G. (2006), Local government reform in Turkey. A legal appraisal
  • based on European principles and standards, Ankara, Ministry of the Interior /
  • UNDP, available online at: http://www.lar.gov.tr/downloadables/MARCOU_ REPORT_
  • LocGovReformTurkey_final.doc.
  • MASSICARD E. (2009), “Regionalization Process in Turkey?”, F. Bafoil, A.
  • Kaya, (eds.) Regional Development and the European Union: A Comparative
  • Analysis of Karabük, Valenciennes and Katowice, Istanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları,
  • -36.
  • MECHAM, R. Q. (2004), “From the ashes of virtue a promise of light: the
  • transformation of political Islam in Turkey”, Third World Quarterly, 25( 2), 339-
  • -
  • MÉNDEZ, C., WISHLADE, F. & YUILL, D. (2006), “Conditioning and
  • Fine-Tuning Europeanization: Negotiating Regional Policy Maps under the EU‟s
  • Competition and Cohesion Policies”, JCMS, 44(3), 581-605.
  • MÜFTÜLER-BAÇ, M. (2005), “Turkey‟s Political Reforms and the Impact
  • of the European Union”, South European Society & Politics, 10(1), 17-31.
  • OECD (2006), Turkey General legal administrative framework, Assessment.
  • OYAN, O. (2004), “Kamu Yönetimi Reformu mu? Kamu Hizmeti
  • Kavramının Yokedilişi mi?” [Public Administration Reform or Elimination of Public
  • Service Concept?], Mülkiye, XXVIII( 243), 109-130.
  • ÖZDEN, P & ALADA, A. (eds) (2006), Kamu Yönetiminden Planlamaya
  • Yeniden Yapılanma Sempozyumu [Symposium on Reform from Public Administration
  • to Planning], TMMOB.
  • PATTON, M.J. (2007), “AKP Reform Fatigue in Turkey: What has happened
  • to the EU Process?”, Mediterranean Politics, 12(3), 339-358.
  • PUTNAM, R. (1988), “Diplomacy and domestic politics: The logic of twolevel
  • games”, International Organization, 42, 427-460.
  • Putnam, R. (1993), Making Democracy Work: Civic Tradition in Modern Italy,
  • Chichester: Princeton University Press.
  • RADAELLI, C. M. (2003), “The Europeanization of Public Policy”. K.
  • Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds), The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford: Oxford
  • University Press, 27-56.
  • RISSE, T. COWLES, M.G. & CAPORASO, J. (2001), “Europeanization and
  • Domestic Change: Introduction” M. G. Cowles, J. Caporaso & T. Risse (eds.),
  • Transforming Europe: Europeanization and Domestic Change, Cornell University
  • Press, 1-20.
  • SAURUGGER, S. & RADAELLI, C.M. (2008), “The Europeanization of
  • Public Policies: Introduction”, Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research
  • and Practice, 10(3), 213-219.
  • SIGMA (2008), Turkey Public Integrity System, Assessment May 2008,
  • available online at: http://www.sigmaweb.org/dataoecd/37/51/41638804.pdf.
  • TEKELI, I. (1992), Belediyecilik Yazıları (1976-1992) [Writings on municipalism],
  • Istanbul : IULA.
  • TESEV, Yerel Yönetimler Reformu İzleme Projesi [Project for Monitoring
  • Local Government Reform], available online at: http://www.tesev.org.tr/ default.
  • asp?PG=IYO01TR01.
  • TOCCI, N. (2005), “Europeanization in Turkey: Trigger or Anchor for Reform?”,
  • South European Society, and Politics, 10(1), 73-83.
  • TODAIE (1992), Kamu Yönetimi Araştırması (Public Administration
  • Research), Ankara: Todaie.
  • UNDP, Turkey, available online at: http://www.undp.org.tr/Gozlem
  • aspx?WebSayfaNo=2175.
  • ZAHARIADIS, N. (2005), “Adaptation without Pressure? European Legislation
  • and British Merger Policy”, The Policy Studies Journal, 33(4), 657-674.

THE EUROPEANIZATION OF TURKEY: REFORM IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

Year 2011, Issue: 7, 0 - , 13.05.2015

Abstract

A longstanding pre-candidate and relatively recent candidate to join the EU, Turkey has experienced
many ups and downs with the EU. The period that begins with the recognition of its status as a candidate
in 1999 and ends with the general elections held in 2007, that is to say, the recent period marked by the
first interval of the AKP government, is probably the most significant of these highs where it would be
possible to evoke a process of Europeanization. This article aims to study the impact of the process of
integration in Turkey in the context of local administration reform, which constituted the last section of
the reform process and to demonstrate that it did not bring a substantial legal and institutional transformation.

References

  • ANDERSEN, S.S. (2004), “The Mosaic of Europeanization: An Organizational
  • Perspective on National Re-contextualization”, Arena Working Papers, WP
  • (11), Centre for European Studies, University of Oslo.
  • Avrupa Birliği Genel Sekreterliği, Avrupa Birliği Müktesebatının Üstlenilmesine
  • İlişkin Türkiye Ulusal Programları [National Program for the Adoption of
  • the Acquis], available online at: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=194&l=1.
  • AYDIN, M. & AÇIKMEŞE, S.A. (2007), “Europeanization through EU conditionality:
  • understanding the new era in Turkish foreign policy”, Journal of Southern
  • Europe and the Balkans, 9(3), 263-274.
  • BACHE, I. (2010), “Europeanization and multi-level governance: EU cohesion
  • policy and pre-accession aid in Southeast Europe”, Southeast European and
  • Black Sea Studies, 10(1), 1-12.
  • BACHE, I., & JORDAN, A. (2006), "Europeanization and domestic change”.
  • I. Bache and A. Jordan (eds.), The Europeanization of British politics, Basingstoke :
  • Palgrave Macmillan, 17-36.
  • BAYRAKTAR, S.U. (2007), Turkish municipalities: Reconsidering local
  • democracy beyond administrative autonomy, available online at:
  • http://wwwejtsorg.revues.org/document1103.html
  • BELGENET (2002), AKP İktidarının Acil Eylem Planı [Emergency Action
  • Plan of AKP government], available online at: http://www.belgenet.com/
  • eko/acileylem_161102.html .
  • BÖRZEL, T, RISSE, T. (2000), “When Europe hits home: Europeanization
  • and domestique change”, European Integration Online Papers (EloP), 4(15), available
  • online at: http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/2000-015a.htm.
  • BÖRZEL, T. (1999), “Towards convergence in Europe? Institutional adaptation
  • to Europeanization in Germany and Spain”. Journal of Common Market Studies,
  • (4), 573-596.
  • BÖRZEL, T. (2002), “Pace setting, foot-dragging and fence-sitting: Membres
  • States responses to Europeanization”, Journal of Common Market Studies, 40(2),
  • -214.
  • BÖRZEL, T. & RISSE T. (2003), “Conceptualising the domestic impact of
  • Europe”. K. Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.), The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford:
  • Oxford University Press, 57-80.
  • CASANOVA, J. (2006), “The Long, Difficult, and Tortuous Journey of Turkey
  • into Europe and the Dilemmas of European Civilization”, Constellations, 13(2),
  • -247.
  • ÇELENK, A.A. (2009), “Europeanization and Administrative Reform: The
  • Case of Turkey”, Mediterranean Politics, 14(1), 41-60.
  • CHP (1999), „Yerel Çözüm 2000‟ [Local Solution 2000], available online at:
  • http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/1999_02526_.pdf.
  • CHP (2004), CHP Söz Veriyor: Yerel yönetimler için temel ilke ve çözümler,
  • [CHP Promises: Basic principles and solutions for local administrations], available
  • online at: http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/2004secim_.pdf .
  • CHP (2008), CHP Programı, [CHP Programme] available online at:
  • http://www.chp.org.tr/Dosyalar.aspx?FileCatID=5.
  • CHP (2009) Pusula Yerel Seçim‟09, [Compass Local Election‟09], available
  • online at: http://www.chp.org.tr/Files/Pusula_2009.pdf.
  • ÇINAR, M. (2006), “Turkey‟s transformation under the AKP rule”, The
  • Muslim World, 96(3), 469-486.
  • COMAN, R. (2006), “Les défis de l‟européanisation dans la réforme du
  • système judiciaire roumain post-communist. Entre inertie et transformation”, Revue
  • française de science politique, 6(56), 999-1027.
  • Comission of the European Communities (CEC) (2009), Turkey 2009 Progress
  • Report, available online at: http://www.abgs.gov.tr/index.php?p=123&l=1
  • Commission of the European Communities (CEC) (2007), Turkey 2007 Progress
  • Report.
  • ELICIN, Y. (2008), UCLG Country Profiles: Republic of Turkey, available
  • online at: http://www.cities-localgovernments.org/gold/Upload/country_ profile/
  • Turkey.pdf.
  • ERTUGAL, Ebru (2010), Europeanization and multi-level governance in
  • Turkey, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 10(1), 97-110.
  • ERTUGAL, Ebru, Strategies for regional development: Challenges facing
  • Turkey on the road to EU membership, available online at:
  • http://www.esiweb.org/pdf/esi_turkey_tpq_id_40.pdf
  • European Parliament (19 March 2004), „Explanatory Statement, Report on
  • the 2003 Regular Report of the Commission on Turkey‟s Progress Towards Accession‟,
  • Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defence
  • Policy (Rapporteur Arie M. Oostlander), 7
  • FEATHERSTONE, K. (2003), “Introduction: In the Name of „Europe‟”, K.
  • Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.) The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford : Oxford
  • University Press, 3-26.
  • GRABBE, H. (2003), “Europeanization goes East: Power and Uncertainty in
  • the EU Accession Process” K. Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds.) The Politics of Europeanization,
  • Oxford : Oxford University Press, 303-330.
  • HALL, P. (1993), “Policy Paradigmes, Social Learning and the State. The
  • Case of Economic Policy Making in Britain”, Comparative Politics, 25(3), 275-296.
  • INSEL, A. (2003), “The AKP and normalizing democracy in Turkey”, The
  • South Atlantic Quarterly, 102(2/3), 293-308.
  • JACOBSSON, B., Laegreid, P. & Pedersen, O.K. (2003), Europeanization
  • and Transnational States, London : Routledge.
  • KUBICEK, P. (2005), “The European Union and grassroots democratization
  • in Turkey”, Turkish Studies, 6(3), 361-377.
  • LAGENDIJK, A., KAYASU S., & YASAR S. (2009), “The Role of Regional
  • Development Agencies in Turkey: From Implementing EU Directives To
  • Supporting Regional Business Communities?”, European Urban and Regional Studies,
  • (4), 383-396.
  • LOEWENDAHL-ERTUGAL, E. (2005), “Europeanisation of Regional Policy
  • and Regional Governance: The Case of Turkey”, European Political Economy
  • Review, 3(1), 18-53.
  • MARCOU, G. (2006), Local government reform in Turkey. A legal appraisal
  • based on European principles and standards, Ankara, Ministry of the Interior /
  • UNDP, available online at: http://www.lar.gov.tr/downloadables/MARCOU_ REPORT_
  • LocGovReformTurkey_final.doc.
  • MASSICARD E. (2009), “Regionalization Process in Turkey?”, F. Bafoil, A.
  • Kaya, (eds.) Regional Development and the European Union: A Comparative
  • Analysis of Karabük, Valenciennes and Katowice, Istanbul: Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları,
  • -36.
  • MECHAM, R. Q. (2004), “From the ashes of virtue a promise of light: the
  • transformation of political Islam in Turkey”, Third World Quarterly, 25( 2), 339-
  • -
  • MÉNDEZ, C., WISHLADE, F. & YUILL, D. (2006), “Conditioning and
  • Fine-Tuning Europeanization: Negotiating Regional Policy Maps under the EU‟s
  • Competition and Cohesion Policies”, JCMS, 44(3), 581-605.
  • MÜFTÜLER-BAÇ, M. (2005), “Turkey‟s Political Reforms and the Impact
  • of the European Union”, South European Society & Politics, 10(1), 17-31.
  • OECD (2006), Turkey General legal administrative framework, Assessment.
  • OYAN, O. (2004), “Kamu Yönetimi Reformu mu? Kamu Hizmeti
  • Kavramının Yokedilişi mi?” [Public Administration Reform or Elimination of Public
  • Service Concept?], Mülkiye, XXVIII( 243), 109-130.
  • ÖZDEN, P & ALADA, A. (eds) (2006), Kamu Yönetiminden Planlamaya
  • Yeniden Yapılanma Sempozyumu [Symposium on Reform from Public Administration
  • to Planning], TMMOB.
  • PATTON, M.J. (2007), “AKP Reform Fatigue in Turkey: What has happened
  • to the EU Process?”, Mediterranean Politics, 12(3), 339-358.
  • PUTNAM, R. (1988), “Diplomacy and domestic politics: The logic of twolevel
  • games”, International Organization, 42, 427-460.
  • Putnam, R. (1993), Making Democracy Work: Civic Tradition in Modern Italy,
  • Chichester: Princeton University Press.
  • RADAELLI, C. M. (2003), “The Europeanization of Public Policy”. K.
  • Featherstone&C. Radaelli (eds), The Politics of Europeanization, Oxford: Oxford
  • University Press, 27-56.
  • RISSE, T. COWLES, M.G. & CAPORASO, J. (2001), “Europeanization and
  • Domestic Change: Introduction” M. G. Cowles, J. Caporaso & T. Risse (eds.),
  • Transforming Europe: Europeanization and Domestic Change, Cornell University
  • Press, 1-20.
  • SAURUGGER, S. & RADAELLI, C.M. (2008), “The Europeanization of
  • Public Policies: Introduction”, Journal of Comparative Policy Analysis: Research
  • and Practice, 10(3), 213-219.
  • SIGMA (2008), Turkey Public Integrity System, Assessment May 2008,
  • available online at: http://www.sigmaweb.org/dataoecd/37/51/41638804.pdf.
  • TEKELI, I. (1992), Belediyecilik Yazıları (1976-1992) [Writings on municipalism],
  • Istanbul : IULA.
  • TESEV, Yerel Yönetimler Reformu İzleme Projesi [Project for Monitoring
  • Local Government Reform], available online at: http://www.tesev.org.tr/ default.
  • asp?PG=IYO01TR01.
  • TOCCI, N. (2005), “Europeanization in Turkey: Trigger or Anchor for Reform?”,
  • South European Society, and Politics, 10(1), 73-83.
  • TODAIE (1992), Kamu Yönetimi Araştırması (Public Administration
  • Research), Ankara: Todaie.
  • UNDP, Turkey, available online at: http://www.undp.org.tr/Gozlem
  • aspx?WebSayfaNo=2175.
  • ZAHARIADIS, N. (2005), “Adaptation without Pressure? European Legislation
  • and British Merger Policy”, The Policy Studies Journal, 33(4), 657-674.
There are 143 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Yeşeren Eliçin This is me

Publication Date May 13, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2011 Issue: 7

Cite

APA Eliçin, Y. (2015). THE EUROPEANIZATION OF TURKEY: REFORM IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS. Uluslararası İktisadi Ve İdari İncelemeler Dergisi(7). https://doi.org/10.18092/ijeas.68186

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Address: Karadeniz Technical University Department of Economics Room Number 213  

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