THE ECONOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBANISATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH (THE CASE OF EU COUNTRIES AND TURKEY)

Year 2017, Issue: 19, 1 - 24, 01.07.2017

Cenap Sancar Canan Sancar

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.287053

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu
çalışmanın amacı, Avrupa Birliği’nin 13
Ülkesi ve Türkiye açısından kentleşme
ve ekonomik büyüme arasında bir ilişki olup olmadığını, ilişki var ise bu
ilişkinin yönünü belirlemektir. Çalışmada, kişi başına GSYH bağımlı değişken,
kentleşmeyi temsilen kentsel nüfus yoğunluğu, sanayi, hizmetler sektörü
istihdam oranları ve ayrıca modele dahil edilen tarım sektörü istihdam oranı ve
genel istihdam oranı bağımsız değişken olarak ele alınmıştır. Çalışma
kapsamında oluşturulan modelin değişkenlerine ait 1990-2014 yıllık serileri
panel eşbütünleşme yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Panel nedensellik testi
sonuçlarına göre, hizmetler sektörü istihdam oranı ve sanayi sektörü istihdam
oranı ve tarım sektörü istihdam oranı ile kişi başına GSYH arasında çift yönlü
nedensellik ilişkisi vardır. Bununla birlikte kişi başına GSYH’den kentsel
nüfus yoğunluğu ve genel istihdam oranına doğru tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi
vardır. Ayrıca, DOLS ve FMOLS sonuçlarına göre
kentsel nüfus yoğunluğu ve hizmet sektörü istihdam oranındaki artışlar kişi
başına GSYH’yi pozitif yönde etkilemektedir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular
kentleşme ve ekonomik büyümenin 13 AB ülkesi ve Türkiye’de birbirlerini
besleyen süreçler olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

Kentleşme, Ekonomik Büyüme, AB Ülkeleri, Türkiye, Panel Eşbütünleşme

THE ECONOMETRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBANISATION AND ECONOMIC GROWTH (THE CASE OF EU COUNTRIES AND TURKEY)

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine whether there is
a relationship between urbanisation and economic growth in terms of 13 European
Union Member countries and of Turkey as well as to determine the direction of
this relationship, if it exists. In the study, GDP per capita was used as a
dependant variable where population density and employment rates of industry
and services sectors, which represent the urbanisation, as well as the
employment rate of agriculture sector and general employment rate, which were
included in our model, were used as independent variables. The annual series of
the variables of the model that was created within the scope of the study for
the period between 1990-2014 were analysed by panel co-integration method.
According to panel causality test, there is a bilateral causality relationship
between GDP and employment rates of services, industry, and agriculture
sectors. Additionally, there was a unilateral causality relationship from GDP
towards urban population density and towards general employment rate. Also,
according to the DOLS and FMOLS results, the increases in urban population
density and in the employment rate of services sector have a positive effect on
GDP per capita. Findings from the study show that urbanisation and economic
growth are mutually dependent processes in 13 EU member countries and in
Turkey.

Keywords

Urbanisation, Economic Growth, EU Countries, Turkey, Panel Cointegration

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