DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIM ÖZÜMSEME KAPASİTESİNİN EKONOMİK BÜYÜME VE AR-GE HARCAMALARI ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: TÜRKİYE VE SEÇİLMİŞ ÜLKELER ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2025, Issue: 47, 151 - 168, 06.05.2025

Asiye Küçükosman , Ayca Sarialioglu Hayali

https://doi.org/10.18092/ulikidince.1591665

Abstract

Teoride, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımın (DYY) ekonomik büyümeyi, sermaye stokuna katkı ve yayılma etkileri yoluyla olumlu etkilediği üzerinde durulmaktadır. Bu yayılma etkileri, istihdam yaratma, Araştırma Geliştirme (Ar-Ge) merkezleri kurma, teknolojik bilgi ve beşeri sermaye gelişimine katkıda bulunma şeklinde sıralanabilir. Bunun yanı sıra özümseme kapasitesi, beşeri sermaye, finansal gelişme, ticarete açıklık, kurumların kalitesi, Ar-Ge harcamaları ve altyapı gibi faktörler ile DYY yayılmalarına aracılık etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, seçilen ülke grubu için seçilen özümseme kapasitesi faktörleri ile bir özümseme kapasitesi endeksi hesaplanmış, karşılaştırması yapılmış ve özümseme kapasitesi DYY ile birlikte ele alınarak ekonomik büyüme ve Ar-Ge harcamaları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. 1999-2017 yıllarını kapsayan ve 16 ülke için yapılan panel veri analizi sonuçlarına göre, DYY ile özümseme kapasitesi bir araya geldiğinde ekonomik büyümeyi ve Ar-Ge harcamalarını pozitif yönde etkilemektedir.

Keywords

DYY, Özümseme Kapasitesi, Ekonomik Büyüme, Ar-Ge, Yayılma Etkileri

THE EFFECT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH AND R&D EXPENDITURES: TÜRKİYE AND SELECTED COUNTRIES CASE

Abstract

In theory, it is emphasized that Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) has a positive impact on economic growth through its contribution to the capital stock and its spillover effects. These effects can be listed as creating employment, establishing Research and Development (R&D) centers, contributing to the development of skills, technological knowledge and human capital. Additionally, absorptive capacity mediates FDI spillovers through factors such as human capital, financial development, trade openness, quality of institutions, R&D expenditures and infrastructure. In this paper, an absorptive capacity index was calculated with the selected absorptive capacity factors for selected country group and such index was compared and lastly by considering absorptive capacity together with FDI it was associated with growth and R&D expenditures. According to the results of the panel data analysis for 16 countries covering the years of 1999-2017, when FDI and absorptive capacity come together, it positively affects economic growth and R&D expenditures.

Keywords

FDI, Absorptive Capacity, Economic Growth, R&D Expenditures, Spillover Effects

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