The Development and Applications of Powder Metallurgy Manufacturing Methods in Automotive Industry

Year 2017, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 100 - 112, 26.12.2017

Oğuz Erdem

https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.349955

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Over the past decade,
automotive industry has developed considerably faster than other sectors in
direction of consumers' demands. In order to provide worldwide emission standards,
focusing on new technologies and enhancing fuel efficiency is emerged as a new
trend among automobile manufacturers. Producing more efficient, lighter and
eco-friendly cars without compromising performance and comfort has been the
main goal of automotive industry in recent years. The high technology
requirements of passenger cars with internal combustion engines as well as in
hybrid and electric cars have directed the companies in sector to investigate
alternative production methods. When compared with conventional manufacturing
processes, powder metallurgy (PM) production methods are increasingly preferred
by automobile manufacturers as they allow both profitability and part
production in some special applications. In this review paper, it is aimed to
give information about the development and application of PM methods in
automotive sector.

Keywords

Powder Metallurgy, Powder Injection Moulding, Metallic Foam

References

• Akgun, S., & Sahin, S. (2006). Influence of age hardening on mechanical properties at SiC/AA7075 composites produced by P/M. Proceedings of 11th International Materials Symposium, Türkiye, Denizli
• Apelian, D., Healy, J. J., Gummeson, U., & Kasouf, C. J. (2015). Powder metallurgy parts, in: D.C. Mowery (Ed.), U.S. Industry in 2000: Studies in Competitive Performance, National Academy Press, Washington D.C.
• Arslan, Z., Şimşir, M., Onurlubaşgil, T. Y., Karaca, B., & Akkan, H. (2015). Toz metalurjisi yöntemi ile kompozit kam üretimi ve karakterizasyonu. Uluslararası Katılımlı III. Ege Kompozit Malzemeler Sempozyumu, Türkiye, Aydın/Kuşadası
• Banhart, J. (2001). Manufacture, Characterization and application of cellular metals and metallic foams. Progress in Materials Science, 46(6), 559-632. DOI: 10.1016/S0079-6425(00)00002-5
• Banhart, J. (2000). Properties and applications for cast aluminum sponges, Adv. Eng. Mat., 2, 168-179. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1527-2648(200004)2:4<188::AID-ADEM188>3.0.CO;2-G
• Baumgartaer, F., Duarte, I., & Banhart, J. (2000). Industrialization of Powder Compact Foaming Process. Advanced Eng. Mat., 2(4), 168-174. DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1527-2648(200004)2:4<168::AID-ADEM168>3.3.CO;2-F
• Chang, I., & Zhao, Y. (2013). Advances in powder metallurgy properties, processing and applications (3rd ed.). USA, Woodhead Publishing Limited.
• Çinici, H. (2004). Toz metalürjisi yöntemi ile alüminyum esaslı metalik köpük üretimi”, M.S. thesis, Graduate School of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ankara.
• Doğan, A., Atmaca, İ., & Özbalcı, O. (2015). Metal köpük malzemeler ve yüzey soğutmada kullanımı. 12. Ulusal Tesisat Mühendisliği Kongresi. Türkiye, İzmir.
• Erdem, O. (2010). Toz enjeksiyon yöntemiyle kalıplanmış MgO takviyeli alüminanın mekanik özelliklerinin araştırılması, M.S. thesis, Graduate School of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ankara.
• Ergüney, S. M. (2005). Toz enjeksiyon kalıplamada kullanılan besleme stoklarının kalıplanabilirliklerinin incelenmesi, M.S. thesis, Graduate School of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ankara.
• Ertan, R., & Yavuz, N. (2010). Balata malzemelerinde kullanılan yapısalların balatanın tribolojik ve fiziksel özelliklerine etkisi. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 15(1), 169-177.
• Esmaeelzadeh, E., & Simci, A. (2007). Formability and compressive properties of AlSi7-3 vol.% SiC-0.5 wt.% TiH2 powder compact. Materials Letters, 62(10-11), 201-215. doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.09.044
• Fan, K., Chen, S., Chen, J., & Liao, W. (2010). Development of auto defect classification system on porosity powder metallurgy parts. NDT&E International, 43(6), 451-460. doi.org/10.1016/j.ndteint.2010.04.005
• Fujiki, A. (2001). Present state and future prospects of powder metallurgy parts for automotive applications. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 67(1-3), 298-306. doi.org/10.1016/S0254-0584(00)00455-7
• Gergely, V., Degischer, H. P., & Clyne, T. W. (2000). Recycling of MMCs and production of metallic foams. Comprehensive Composite Materials, 3, 797- 820.
• German, R. M. (2007). Toz Metalurjisi ve Parçacıklı Malzeme İşlemleri. Ankara, Uyum Ajans.
• German, M.R. (1990). Powder Injection Molding. USA, Metal Powder Industries Federation.
• German, R. M. (1984). Powder Metallurgy Science. New Jersey, MPIF Princeton.
• Gökçe, A., Findik, F., & Kurt, A. O. (2011). Microstructural examination and properties of premixed Al–Cu–Mg powder metallurgy alloy. Materials Characterization, 62(7), 730-735. doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2011.04.021
• Halamoğlu, T. (2003). Metal püskürtme yöntemiyle aşınmaya dayanıklı kaplamalar. Yüzey İşlemler Dergisi, 3(1), 154-159.
• Karataş, Ç., & Sarıtaş, S. (1998). Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplama: Bir Yüksek ve Teknoloji İmalat Metodu. Journal of the Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 13(2), 193-228.
• Karataş, Ç. (1997). Toz Enjeksiyon Kalıplamada Karışımın Reolojisi, Ph.D. thesis, Graduate School of Natural And Applied Sciences, Ankara.
• Kevorkijan, V. (2003). Engineering wear-resistant surfaces in automotive aluminum. The Journal of the Minerals, 55(2), 32-34. DOI: 10.1007/s11837-003-0223-7
• Matijasevic, B., Banhard, J., Fiechter S., Görke, O., & Wanderka, N. (2006). Modification of TiH2 for improved Al Foam Manufacture. Acta Meterialla, 54(7), 1887-1900. doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2005.12.012
• Öner, C., & Can, İ. (2007). Toz püskürtme yöntemiyle krank mili ana yatağının yeni bir alaşım ile kaplanması. Makine Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 1(2), 77-81.
• Simone, A. E., & Gibson, L. J. (1998). The effects of cell face curvature and coruscations on the stuffiness and strength of metallic foam. Acta Materialla, 46, 3926-3935.
• Stöbener, K., Baumaster, J., Lehmhus, D., Stanzick, H., & Zöllner, V. (2003). Composite based on metallic foams: phenomenology; production; properties and principles. Int. Conf. On Advanced Metallic Materials, Slovakia, 2003, 157-168. Sundararajan, G., Joshi, S. V., & Krishna, L. R. (2016). Engineered surfaces for automotive engine and power train components. Current Opinion in Chemical Engineering, 11, 1-6. doi.org/10.1016/j.coche.2015.10.001
• Thümmler, F., & Oberacker, R. (1993). An introduction to powder metallurgy (1st ed.). London, The Institute of Materials.
• Toptan, F., Kumdalı, F., & Kerti, I. (2016). Al-B4C kompozitlerinin fren diski olarak kullanılabilirliğine genel bir bakış. TMMOB Metalurji ve Malzeme Mühendisleri Odası- Metalurji Dergisi, 145, 37-46.
• Turo, A., Chavez, J. A., Hernandez, M. J. G., Bulkai, A., Tomek, P., Toth, G., Girones, A., & Jordi, S. (2013). Ultrasonic inspection system for powder metallurgy parts. Measurement, 46(3), 1101-1108. doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2012.10.016
• Türker, M. (2009). Proceedings from IATS'09: Toz metalürjisi yöntemi ile alüminyum köpük üretimi. Turkey, Karabük.
• Upadhyaya, G. S. (2002). Powder Metallurgy Technology. England, Cambridge International Science Publishing.
• Yang, C. C., & Nakae, H. (2000). Foaming characteristics control during production of aluminum alloy foam. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 313, 188-191. DOI: 10.1016/S0925-8388(00)01136-1
• Yavuz, İ. (2010). Metalik köpük malzemeler ve uygulama alanları. Electronic Journal of Vehicle Technologies (EJVT), 2(1), 49-58.
• Yavuz, İ., Başpınar, M. S., & Bayrakçeken, H. (2009). Metalik Köpük Malzemelerin Taşıtlarda Kullanımı. Teknolojik Araştırmalar: TATED, 3(1), 43-51.
• Yu, P., Mei, Z., & Tjong, S. C. (2005). Structure, thermal and mechanical properties of in situ Al-based metal matrix composite reinforced with Al2O3 and TiC submicron particles. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 93(1), 109–116. doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.02.028
• Yu, X. X., & Lee, W. B. (2000). The design and fabrication of an alumina reinforced aluminum composite material. Composites: Part A, 31(3), 245–258. doi.org/10.1016/S1359-835X(99)00068-8