Finite Element Analysis of Laminated Glass Plates Subjected to Impact Loading

Year 2020, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 251 - 264, 31.01.2020

Ebru Dural

https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.620761

Abstract

Laminated glass is a type of glass formed by placing an intermediate layer, called PVB (polyvinyl butyral), between two or more glass plates. The joining of the layers takes place with the aid of heat and pressure. As a result of the processes carried out, the adhesion of the PVB appears and the layers appear as a single glass. Due to this feature of the intermediate layer, even if the glass breaks in the face of earthquake, storm, impact and similar events, it does not scatter around. As a result of the fracture, a spider web-like appearance is formed. Nevertheless, it is the least damaging of consequences such as the damage of living things. Laminated glass was first used in the automotive industry in 1914. Recently, there has been a noticeable increase in the use of many areas, especially in construction industry. The purpose of this work is to analyze effect of impact loads on mechanical behavior of laminated glass plates using finite element method. Laminated glass plate will be analyzed as fixed supported. Results will be presented in figures.

Keywords

“Finite element method, Impact load, Laminated Glass, Nonlinear Behavior

Supporting Institution

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi

Project Number

MF 17007

Thanks

This work has been funded by the Adnan Menderes University Department of Scientific Research Council, Turkey.

References

• Aşık, M.Z. (2003). Laminated glass plate: revealing of nonlinear behavior. Computers and Structures, 81, 2659-2671. doi:0.1016/S0045-7949(03)00325-0
• Aşık, M.Z. & Tezcan, S. (2005). A mathematical model for the behavior of laminated glass beams. Computers and Structures, 83, 1742-1753. doi:10.1016/j.compstruc.2005.02.020
• Behr, R. A., Kremer, P. A., Dharani L. R., Ji F. S. & Kaiser N. D. (1999). Dynamic strains in architectural laminated glass subjected to low velocity impacts from small projectiles. Journal of Materials Science, 34, 5749–5756. doi:10.1023/A:1004702100357
• Behr, R.A. & Kremer, P.A. (1996) Performance of Laminated Glass Units under Simulated Windborne Debris Impacts. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 2(3 ), 95-99. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0431
• Behr, R.A., Minor, J.E., Linden, M.P. & Vallabhan, C. V. G. (1985).Laminated glass units under uniform lateral pressure. Journal of Structural Engineering, 111(5), 1037-1050. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1985)111:5(1037)
• Behr, R.A., Minor, J.E. & Norville, H.S. (1993). Structural behavior of architectural laminated glass. Journal of Structural Engineering, 119(1), 202-222. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:1(202)
• Behr, R.A., Linden, M.P. & Minor, J.E. (1986). Load duration and interlayer thickness effects on laminated glass. Journal of Structural Engineering, 112(6), 1441-1453. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1986)112:6(1441)
• Flocker, F.W. & Dharani, L.R. (1997) Stresses in laminated glass subject to low velocity impact. Engineering Structures, 19( 10), 851-856. doi: 10.1016/S0141-0296(97)00162-4
• Foraboschi, P. (2012). Analytical model for laminated-glass plate. Compo Part B: Eng., 43(5), 2094-2106 .doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2012.03.010
• Foraboschi, P. (2007). Behavior and Failure Strength of Laminated Glass Beams. Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 133 (12), 1290-1301.
• Galuppi, L. & Royer-Carfagni, G. (2012). Laminated beams with viscoelastic interlayer. Int. J. Solid Struct., 49, 2637-2645. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2012.05.028
• Hooper, J.A. (1973). On the bending of architectural laminated glass. Int. J. Mech. Sci., 15, 309-323. doi: 10.1016/0020-7403(73)90012-X
• Karanurathna, K.A. (2013). Low -Velocity Impact Analysis of Monolithic and Laminated Glass Using Finite Element Method, MS Thesis, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
• Kim, S.J., Goo, N.S. & Kim, T.W. (1997). The effect of curvature on the dynamic response and impact-induced damage in composite laminates. Compos Sci Technol, 51, 763–73. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(97)80015-2
• Liu, Y. & Liaw, B. (2009). Drop-weight impact tests and finite element modeling of cast acrylic plates. Polymer Testing, 28, 599-611. doi:0.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.04.008
• Minor, J. E. & Reznik, P. L. (1990). Failure Strength of Laminated Glass. Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE, 116(4), 1030-1039. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1990)116:4(1030)
• Pantelides, C. P., Horst, A. D. & Minor, J. E. (1993). Postbreakage Behavior of Heat Strengthened Laminated Glass under Wind Effects J. Struct. Eng., 119(2), 2425-2435. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:2(454)
• Saxe, T.J., Behr, R.A., Minor, J.E., Kremer, P.E. & Dharani, L.R. (2002). Effects of Missile Size and Glass Type on Impact Resistance of “Sacrificial Ply” Laminated Glass. Journal of Architectural Engineering, 8(1), doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0431(2002)8:1(24)
• Timmel, M., Kolling, S., Osterrieder, P. & Du Bois, P.A. (2007). A finite element model for impact simulation with laminated glass. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 34(8), 1465–1478. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2006.07.008
• Vallabhan, C.V.G., Das, Y.C. , Magdi, M. & Asik M.Z. (1993). Analysis of laminated glass units. Journal of Structural Engineering, 119(5), 1572-1585. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1993)119:5(1572)