Radiographic Testing of 420 and 304L Dissimilar Stainless Steels after TIG Welding

Year 2021, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 288 - 295, 18.01.2021

Mustafa Gökhan Murat , Aziz Barış Başyiğit

https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.837180

Abstract

SAE/AISI 304L austenitic stainless steels are preferred for corrosion resistance in oxidizing medias while SAE/AISI 420 martensitic stainless steels are used generally for resistance to atmospheric corrosion environments. Martensitic stainless steels exhibit high mechanical strength values close to many alloyed steels besides austenitic stainless steels present high toughness at high and low temperatures. These two different alloys may be used in a construction for economical situations and mechanical property considerations. Weld metal and heat affected zones of weldments must be thoroughly examined for discontinuities by non-destructive tests such as penetrant, ultrasonic and radiographic methods to ensure secure weldments. In this work; 304L stainless steel plates with a thickness of 3mm are joined by TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) welding method with 3mm 420 stainless steel plates under pure argon shielding gas by 3 different TIG welding rods of ER 312, ER316L, ER2209 types. The effects of TIG welding rod compositions on weld metal defects is investigated. For this purpose, weld metals of all samples are tested by x-ray radiographic inspection method. The fewest ratios of discontinuities are detected on samples weld metals joined by ER316L TIG welding rod because of rod having the minimum amounts of chromium and the maximum amounts of nickel and consequently having the least quantities of brittle carbides as compared to samples joined by ER312 and ER2209 TIG rods.  

Keywords

Radiographic testing, 420 and 304L stainless steels, discontinuities in weld metals

Thanks

Authors present their thanks to Gazi University Welding Technologies Research and Application Center staff for radiographic testing instrument supports.

420 ve 304L Farklı Paslanmaz Çeliklerin TIG Kaynağı Sonrası Radyografik Muayenesi

Abstract

SAE/AISI 304L östenitik paslanmaz çelikler oksitleyici ortamlardaki korozyon dayanımları için tercih edilirken, SAE/AISI 420 martenzitik paslanmaz çelikler genel olarak atmosferik korozyona karşı dayanım amaçlı kullanılmaktadırlar. Martenzitik paslanmaz çelikler birçok alaşımlı çeliklere yakın değerlerde yüksek mekanik dayanım değerleri sergilerken bunun yanında östenitik paslanmaz çelikler yüksek ve düşük sıcaklıklarda yüksek tokluk değeri ortaya koyarlar. Bu iki farklı alaşım grubu ekonomik koşullar ve mekanik özellik yaklaşımlarından dolayı bir yapıda bir arada kullanılabilirler. Kaynaklı bağlantıların kaynak metalleri ve ısının tesiri altındaki bölgeleri, güvenilir bir kaynaklı bağlantı elde etmek için; penetrant, ultrasonik ve radyografik muayene yöntemleri gibi tekniklerle detaylıca incelenmelidir. Bu çalışmada; 3 mm kalınlıktaki SAE/AISI 304L östenitik paslanmaz çelik levha ile 3mm kalınlıkta SAE/AISI 420 martenzitik paslanmaz çelik levha TIG (Tungsten Asal Gaz) kaynak yöntemiyle saf argon koruyucu gazı altında ER312, ER316L, ER2209 olmak üzere 3 farklı ilave tel kullanılarak birleştirilmiştir. TIG kaynak teli bileşiminin kaynak metalinde oluşabilecek kusurlara etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, numunelerin kaynak metallerinin tamamı x- ışınları radyografik muayenesi ile test edilmiştir. ER312 ve ER2209 TIG teli ile birleştirilen numunelere kıyasla, ER 316L TIG teli ile birleştirilmiş olan numunelerin kaynak metalinde, dolgu telinin en düşük krom ve en yüksek nikel içeriğine sahip oluşu neticesinde en düşük miktarda olduğu düşünülen gevrek karbürlere bağlı olarak en düşük oranda süreksizlik tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Radyografik muayene, 420 ve 304L paslanmaz çelikler, kaynak metalindeki süreksizlikler

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