Storage processes have an important place in the effectiveness of logistics activities. In this context, it is possible to state that improperly managed storage activities can cause loss of time and high costs for businesses. Therefore, businesses have to be able to plan their storage styles and, more importantly, to create a perception of warehouse management. The gradual increase in optimization studies in storage areas can also be shown among the positive results of the perception of warehouse management. Optimization studies in storage processes achieve effective results with improvements in product loading and unloading processes.
In this study, an optimization study was carried out by using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Techniques (MCDM) for the product assignment problem in the warehouse area of an enterprise. Within the framework of the application, a literature review was made first and the evaluation criteria as a result of the scanning; profitability, customer sensitivity, popularity, weight and demand criteria. The criteria weights required when using MCDM techniques were created after focus group discussions with the experts working in the enterprise. The ELECTRE TRI method was used for the vertical classification study, and the TOPSIS and VIKOR methods were used for the horizontal scale classification study. As a result of the use of these techniques, the optimum layout that is most suitable for the existing warehouse area and the characteristics of the produced product has been determined.
Kaynakça
Referans1 Acar A. Z., Çakmak E., (2013) “Depolama ve Depo Yönetimi”, Nobel Yayınevi, İstanbul
Referans2 Bindi, F., Manzini, R., Pareschi, A., ve Regattieri, A. (2009), “Similarity-Based Storage Allocation Rules in an Order Picking System: An Application To The Food Service İndustry”. International Journal Of Logistics Research and Applications, 12(4), 233–247.
Referans3 Bottani, E., Cecconi, M., Vignali, G., & Montanari, R. (2012), “Optimisation Of Storage Allocation in Order Picking Operations Through a Genetic Algorithm. International Journal Of Logistics: Research and Applications”, 15(2), 127–146.
Referans4 Dallari F., Marchet G., Melacini M. (2009): “Design Of Order Picking System”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 42(1-2), 1-12.
Referans5 Da Silva, D. D., De Vasconcelos, N. V. C., ve Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2015), “Multicriteria Decision Model To Support The Assignment of Storage Location Of Products in a Warehouse”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering 10.1155 /2015/481950.
Referans6 Fontana, M. E., ve Nepomuceno, V. S. (2017), “Multi-Criteria Approach for Products Classification and Their Storage Location Assignment”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 88(9–12), 3205–3216.
Referans7 Fontana, M. E., & Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2013), “ELECTRE TRI Method Used to Storage Location Assignment Into Categories”, Pesquisa Operacional 33(2): 283-303
Referans8 Fontana, M. E., ve Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2014) “Using The Efficient Frontier to Obtain The Best Solution for The Storage Location Assignment Problem”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2014/745196
Referans9 Frazelle, E. (2002), “Supply Chain Strategy: The Logistics of Supply Chain Management”, Mcgraw-Hill, Usa.
Referans10 Heragu, S. S., Du, L., Mantel, R. J., & Schuur, P. C. (2005), “Mathematical Model For Warehouse Design and Product Allocation”, International Journal of Production Research, 43(2), 327–338.
Referans11 H. Hwang, B. Choi, M. Lee, (2005) “A Model For Shelf Space Allocation And Inventory Control Considering Location and Inventory Level Effects on Demand”, International Journal Of Production Economics, 97 (2), 185–195.
Referans12 Kovacs, A. (2011), “Optimizing The Storage Assignment in a Warehouse Served By Milkrun Logistics”, International Journal Of Production Economics, 133(1), 312–318.
Referans13 Micale,R., La Fata, C.M. ve La Scalia, G., 2019, “ A Combined Interval-Valued Electre Trı and Topsıs Approach for Solving The Storage Location Assingment Problem”. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135, 199-210
Referans14 Muppani, V. R., ve Adil, G. K. (2008), “A Branch And Bound Algorithm For Class-Based Storage-Location Assignment.” European Journal of Operational Research, 189(2), 492–507.
Referans15 Muppani, V. R., ve Adil, G. K. (2008), “Efficient Formation Of Storage Classes For Warehouse Storage Location Assignment: A Simulated Annealing Approach.” Omega, 36(4), 609–618.
Referans16 Özyörük, B, S, Ak, “Etkin Depo Yerleşiminin Düzenlenmesi İçin Bir Model: Elektronik Firmada Uygulanması”, Tubav Bilim Dergisi, 5/2012 (1), 21-29
Referans17 Pang, K. W., ve Chan, H. L. (2017), “Data Mining-Based Algorithm for Storage Location Assignment in a Randomised Warehouse.” International Journal of Production Research, 55(14), 4035–4052.
Referans18 Petersen, C. G., Iı (1997), “An Evaluation Of Order Picking Routing Policies.” International Journal of Operations & Production, 17(11), 1098–1111.
Referans19 Petersen, C. G., Iı (1999), “The İmpact Of Routing And Storage Policies on a Warehouse Efficiency.” International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 19(10), 1053–1064.
Referans20 Sarıcan,B., (2019), “Depolama Alanı Ürün Atama Problemi için En İyi Alternatif Konumun Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri İle Belirlenmesi”, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Konya Teknik Üniversitesi, Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı/ Endüstri Mühendisliği, Konya (Türkiye)
Referans21 Sébastien Damart, Vincent Mousseau, Luis Dias (2007), “Supporting Groups in Sorting Decisions: Methodology and Use of a Multi-Criteria Aggregation-Disaggregation Dss. Decision Support Systems”, Elsevier, 43 (4), 1464-1475. ⟨Hal-00165840⟩
Referans22 Tompkins, J. A. Facilities Planning,(1996), New York: Wiley, 2. Basım Pp.22- 59
Referans23 Vassilev, V,Genova, K, M, (2005), “A Brief Survey of Multicriteria Decision Making Methods”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Cybernetics and Information Technologies, 5(1), 4.
Referans24 Xiao, J., ve Zheng, L. (2010), “A Correlated Storage Location Assignment Problem in a Singleblock- Multi-Aisles Warehouse Considering Bom İnformation.” International Journal Of Production Research, 48(5), 1321–1338.
Referans25 Yıldırım, F. ve Önder, E. (2018). “Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri”, (3. Baskı), Dora Yayınları, Bursa.
Depolarda Ürün Atama Problemlerinde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemlerinin Kullanımı: Bir İşletme Uygulaması
Year 2022,
Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 514 - 530, 31.07.2022
Lojistik faaliyetlerinin etkinliğinde depolama süreçleri önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bu çerçevede, doğru yönetilemeyen depolama faaliyetlerinin işletmeler için zaman kaybı ve yüksek maliyetler oluşturabileceğini ifade etmek mümkündür. Dolayısıyla, işletmeler depolama şekillerini planlamayı, daha da önemlisi depo yönetimi algısını oluşturmayı başarmak zorundadırlar. Depolama alanlarında ki optimizasyon çalışmalarının giderek artması da depo yönetimi algısının olumlu sonuçları arasında gösterilebilmektedir. Depolama süreçlerindeki optimizasyon çalışmaları, ürün yükleme boşaltma işlemlerindeki iyileştirmeler ile etkili sonuçlar elde etmektedir.
Bu çalışmada, bir işletmenin depo alanında ürün atama problemi için Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Teknikleri (ÇKKV) kullanılarak bir optimizasyon çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Uygulama çerçevesinde, ilk olarak literatür taraması yapılmış olup tarama sonucunda değerlendirme kriterleri; kârlılık, müşteri duyarlılığı, popülerlik, ağırlık ve talep kriterleri şeklinde belirlenmiştir. ÇKKV teknikleri kullanılırken gerekli olan kriter ağırlıkları işletmede çalışan uzmanlarla odak grup görüşmeleri sonrasında oluşturulmuştur. Dikey boyutta yapılan sınıflandırma çalışması için ELECTRE TRI yöntemi, yatay boyutta yapılan sıralama çalışması içinde TOPSIS ve VIKOR yöntemleri uygulanmıştır. Bu tekniklerin kullanımı sonucunda mevcut depo alanı ve üretilen ürün özelliklerine en uygun optimum yerleşim şekli belirlenmiştir
Kaynakça
Referans1 Acar A. Z., Çakmak E., (2013) “Depolama ve Depo Yönetimi”, Nobel Yayınevi, İstanbul
Referans2 Bindi, F., Manzini, R., Pareschi, A., ve Regattieri, A. (2009), “Similarity-Based Storage Allocation Rules in an Order Picking System: An Application To The Food Service İndustry”. International Journal Of Logistics Research and Applications, 12(4), 233–247.
Referans3 Bottani, E., Cecconi, M., Vignali, G., & Montanari, R. (2012), “Optimisation Of Storage Allocation in Order Picking Operations Through a Genetic Algorithm. International Journal Of Logistics: Research and Applications”, 15(2), 127–146.
Referans4 Dallari F., Marchet G., Melacini M. (2009): “Design Of Order Picking System”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 42(1-2), 1-12.
Referans5 Da Silva, D. D., De Vasconcelos, N. V. C., ve Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2015), “Multicriteria Decision Model To Support The Assignment of Storage Location Of Products in a Warehouse”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering 10.1155 /2015/481950.
Referans6 Fontana, M. E., ve Nepomuceno, V. S. (2017), “Multi-Criteria Approach for Products Classification and Their Storage Location Assignment”, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 88(9–12), 3205–3216.
Referans7 Fontana, M. E., & Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2013), “ELECTRE TRI Method Used to Storage Location Assignment Into Categories”, Pesquisa Operacional 33(2): 283-303
Referans8 Fontana, M. E., ve Cavalcante, C. A. V. (2014) “Using The Efficient Frontier to Obtain The Best Solution for The Storage Location Assignment Problem”, Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2014/745196
Referans9 Frazelle, E. (2002), “Supply Chain Strategy: The Logistics of Supply Chain Management”, Mcgraw-Hill, Usa.
Referans10 Heragu, S. S., Du, L., Mantel, R. J., & Schuur, P. C. (2005), “Mathematical Model For Warehouse Design and Product Allocation”, International Journal of Production Research, 43(2), 327–338.
Referans11 H. Hwang, B. Choi, M. Lee, (2005) “A Model For Shelf Space Allocation And Inventory Control Considering Location and Inventory Level Effects on Demand”, International Journal Of Production Economics, 97 (2), 185–195.
Referans12 Kovacs, A. (2011), “Optimizing The Storage Assignment in a Warehouse Served By Milkrun Logistics”, International Journal Of Production Economics, 133(1), 312–318.
Referans13 Micale,R., La Fata, C.M. ve La Scalia, G., 2019, “ A Combined Interval-Valued Electre Trı and Topsıs Approach for Solving The Storage Location Assingment Problem”. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 135, 199-210
Referans14 Muppani, V. R., ve Adil, G. K. (2008), “A Branch And Bound Algorithm For Class-Based Storage-Location Assignment.” European Journal of Operational Research, 189(2), 492–507.
Referans15 Muppani, V. R., ve Adil, G. K. (2008), “Efficient Formation Of Storage Classes For Warehouse Storage Location Assignment: A Simulated Annealing Approach.” Omega, 36(4), 609–618.
Referans16 Özyörük, B, S, Ak, “Etkin Depo Yerleşiminin Düzenlenmesi İçin Bir Model: Elektronik Firmada Uygulanması”, Tubav Bilim Dergisi, 5/2012 (1), 21-29
Referans17 Pang, K. W., ve Chan, H. L. (2017), “Data Mining-Based Algorithm for Storage Location Assignment in a Randomised Warehouse.” International Journal of Production Research, 55(14), 4035–4052.
Referans18 Petersen, C. G., Iı (1997), “An Evaluation Of Order Picking Routing Policies.” International Journal of Operations & Production, 17(11), 1098–1111.
Referans19 Petersen, C. G., Iı (1999), “The İmpact Of Routing And Storage Policies on a Warehouse Efficiency.” International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 19(10), 1053–1064.
Referans20 Sarıcan,B., (2019), “Depolama Alanı Ürün Atama Problemi için En İyi Alternatif Konumun Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri İle Belirlenmesi”, (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi), Konya Teknik Üniversitesi, Endüstri Mühendisliği Ana Bilim Dalı/ Endüstri Mühendisliği, Konya (Türkiye)
Referans21 Sébastien Damart, Vincent Mousseau, Luis Dias (2007), “Supporting Groups in Sorting Decisions: Methodology and Use of a Multi-Criteria Aggregation-Disaggregation Dss. Decision Support Systems”, Elsevier, 43 (4), 1464-1475. ⟨Hal-00165840⟩
Referans22 Tompkins, J. A. Facilities Planning,(1996), New York: Wiley, 2. Basım Pp.22- 59
Referans23 Vassilev, V,Genova, K, M, (2005), “A Brief Survey of Multicriteria Decision Making Methods”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Cybernetics and Information Technologies, 5(1), 4.
Referans24 Xiao, J., ve Zheng, L. (2010), “A Correlated Storage Location Assignment Problem in a Singleblock- Multi-Aisles Warehouse Considering Bom İnformation.” International Journal Of Production Research, 48(5), 1321–1338.
Referans25 Yıldırım, F. ve Önder, E. (2018). “Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemleri”, (3. Baskı), Dora Yayınları, Bursa.
Erarslan, F. S., & Deste, M. (2022). Depolarda Ürün Atama Problemlerinde Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Yöntemlerinin Kullanımı: Bir İşletme Uygulaması. International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, 14(2), 514-530. https://doi.org/10.29137/umagd.1039353