Dizel-Fındık Yağı Biyodizel-Bütanol Üçlü Yakıt Karışımlarının Modifiye Edilmemiş Bir Dizel Motorda Potansiyel Alternatif Yakıt Olarak Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 17 Issue: 2, 330 - 348, 15.07.2025

Ümit Yüce , Melih Can Saydam , Batuhan Altundağ , Zeki Yılbaşı , Hayri Yaman

https://doi.org/10.29137/ijerad.1535731

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, dizel motorlar için potansiyel alternatif yakıt olarak dizel-fındık yağı biyodizel-bütanol üçlü yakıt karışımları değerlendirilmiştir. Fındık yağı, transesterifikasyon yöntemiyle biyodizele dönüştürülmüş ve çeşitli oranlarda dizel yakıt ve bütanol ile harmanlanmıştır. Fren özgül yakıt tüketimi (FÖYT), fren termal verimliliği (FTV), ve egzoz gazı sıcaklığı (EGS) gibi motor performans parametreleri analiz edilmiştir. NOx emisyonları, duman opaklığı, HC, CO2 ve CO da ölçülmüştür. Yakıt tüketimi, düşük enerji yoğunluğu nedeniyle bütanol içeriğiyle birlikte biraz artmıştır. Bununla birlikte, FTV, oksijenle güçlendirilmiş yanmadan büyük ölçüde etkilenmemiştir. Gizli buharlaşma ısısı ve oksijen içeriği gibi faktörlerden dolayı bütanol içeren karışımlarda egzoz gazı sıcaklığı düşmüştür. Artan oksijen nedeniyle en yüksek bütanol karışımı için CO ve HC emisyonları sırasıyla %32 ve %23'e kadar önemli ölçüde azaltılmıştır. NOx emisyonları da dizele kıyasla, muhtemelen daha düşük yanma sıcaklıklarından dolayı %21'e varan oranlarla azaltılmıştır. Karışımlarda duman opaklığı dizele göre %13 ile %69 arasında azalmıştır. Genel olarak çalışma, dizel-fındık yağı biyodizel-bütanol üçlü karışımlarının, modifiye edilmemiş dizel motorlarda alternatif yakıt olarak potansiyel olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir. Karışımlar, egzoz emisyonlarının çoğunu azaltırken verimlilik açısından dizelle karşılaştırılabilir performans göstermiştir. Ancak uzun vadeli etkileri doğrulamak için farklı çalışma koşulları altında daha fazla test yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

Fındık yağı, biyodizel, bütanol, performans, emisyon özellikleri

Project Number

1919B012218309 (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK) through the University Students Domestic Research Projects Support Program)

Evaluation of Diesel-Hazelnut Oil Biodiesel-Butanol Triple Fuel Blends as a Potential Alternative Fuel in an Unmodified Diesel Engine

Abstract

This study evaluated diesel-hazelnut oil biodiesel-butanol triple fuel blends as a potential alternative fuel for diesel engines. Hazelnut oil was converted to biodiesel using transesterification and blended with diesel fuel and butanol at various ratios. Engine performance parameters like brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) were analyzed. Emissions of NOx, smoke-opacity, HC, CO2, and CO were also measured. Fuel consumption increased slightly with butanol content due to the lower energy density. However, BTE was largely unaffected by oxygen-enhanced combustion. Exhaust gas temperature decreased for blends containing butanol due to factors like latent heat and oxygen content. CO and HC emissions were significantly reduced by up to 32% and 23%, respectively, for the highest butanol blend due to increased oxygen. NOx emissions were also reduced in comparison to diesel, with reductions up to 21%, likely due to lower combustion temperatures. Smoke opacity decreased between 13 and 69% for blends versus diesel. Overall, study demonstrated that these triple-blends can be utilized as an alternative fuel in unmodified diesel engines. The blends performed comparably to diesel efficiency while lowering most exhaust emissions. However, further testing under different operating conditions is needed to validate the long-term impacts.

Keywords

Hazelnut oil, biodiesel, butanol, performance, emission characteristics

Project Number

1919B012218309 (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TUBITAK) through the University Students Domestic Research Projects Support Program)

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