Tekstil Sektöründe HTEA ve Bulanık Mantık ile İş Güvenliği Risk Analizi: Bölüm II

Öz

Türkiye’de iş kazalarının en fazla görüldüğü sektörlerden biri olan tekstil sektöründe dokuma kumaş üretimi özelinde yürütülen bu araştırma ile sektördeki işin yürütümü esnasında karşılaşılabilecek tehlikelerin ve risklerin belirlenerek sektöre özgü risk envanteri oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Dokuma makinelerinin ortaya çıkardığı gürültüden kaynaklanan işitme rahatsızlıkları, ipliklerden uçan liflerin tozlarından kaynaklanan solunum rahatsızlıkları, cağlıklardan düşme, leventlerin devrilmesi ve ergonomik rahatsızlıklar bu sektördeki risklerden en önemlileridir. Hata Modu ve Etki Analizi (FMEA) kullanılarak belirlenen risk olasılığı, Risk Öncelik Numarası (RPN) risk analizi oluşturulmaktadır. Bu makalede dokuma üretim sürecindeki risk değerlendirmesinde, klasik yöntemlerle analiz edilmesinin yanında Bulanık Mantık kullanımı ile risk değerlendirmesi sağlanmıştır. Üç boyutlu RPN yüzey grafikleri incelendiğinde, şiddet, olasılık ve tespit edilebilirlik parametrelerinin birlikte artması durumunda risk öncelik sayısının kritik seviyelere ulaştığı belirlenmiştir. Özellikle düşük tespit edilebilirliğe sahip hata türlerinin, orta seviyeli olasılık ve şiddet değerlerinde dahi yüksek RPN ürettiği görülmüştür. Bu durum, kontrol ve izleme mekanizmalarının iyileştirilmesinin risk azaltımında kilit rol oynadığını ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bulanık mantık
• risk analizi
• dokuma
• tekstil

Occupational Safety Risk Analysis in The Textile Sector with FMEA and Fuzzy Logic: Part II

Öz

This research, conducted specifically for woven fabric production in the textile sector, a sector with a high incidence of occupational accidents in Turkey, aimed to identify the hazards and risks that may be encountered during work in the sector and to create a sector-specific risk inventory. The most significant risks in this sector include hearing impairment caused by the noise generated by weaving machines, respiratory distress caused by dust from flying fibers, falls from creels, beam overturning, and ergonomic problems. Risk probability is determined using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and a Risk Priority Number (RPN) risk analysis is generated. This article examines the risk assessment process in weaving production using classical analysis methods and the use of fuzzy logic. A holistic evaluation of the graphs supports the following conclusions: Detectability (D) is one of the most critical parameters in RPN reduction. While the traditional FMEA approach is effective in risk prioritization, more realistic results can be produced when supported by multi-criteria and fuzzy FMEA methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fuzzy logic
• risk analysis
• weaving
• textile

Kaynakça

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