ÜRDÜN HAŞİMİ KRALLIĞI’NIN FİLİSTİNLİ MÜLTECİ KRİZİNDEKİ ROLÜNÜN HARİTALANDIRILMASI

Year 2024, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 155 - 174, 02.03.2024

Ben Jennana Marwene

Abstract

Filistin davası, başta Uluslararası İlişkiler alanında olmak üzere çeşitli perspektiflerden akademiye sonsuz miktarda mürekkep akıtılmasına neden olan önemli bir odak noktası olarak kabul edilmektedir. Arap-İsrail ilişkilerindeki merkezi konumu göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, Ürdün Haşimi Krallığı, Ortadoğu dinamiklerinin sürekli etkileşimi üzerindeki benzersizliği ve özgün damgası aracılığıyla her iki tarafa da çift yönlü bir yaklaşım sunan merkezi bir aktör olarak Ortadoğu muammasına giriyor. Bu araştırma, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nın (1914-1918) ardından Ürdün’ün Filistin meselesi karşısındaki benzersiz rolünün kapsamlı bir haritasını çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Ürdün’ün rolünün incelenmesi üçlü bir model üzerinden yürütülmektedir: Arap-İsrail çatışmasının tarihsel mirası, mülteci krizi ve Suudi Arabistan Krallığı ve İsrail gibi önemli bölgesel aktörlerle ilişkilerde denizden kaynaklanan sorunlar. Metodoloji açısından, bu makale, Ürdün’ün rolüne bir vaka çalışması olarak ışık tutmak için nitel ve nicel araştırma yöntemlerinin bir kombinasyonunu kullanmaktadır. Bu yaklaşımın, bu tartışmalı konunun bütünsel bir anlayışını daha da geliştireceği ve muammanın az çalışılmış bir perspektifini ortaya koyacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Filistin diasporası, Küresel yerinden edilme, Uluslararası İlişkiler, MENA, Ürdün Dış Politikası

MAPPING THE ROLE OF THE HASHEMITE KINGDOM OF JORDAN IN THE PALESTINIAN REFUGEE CRISIS

Abstract

The Palestinian cause is deemed to be a captivating focal point that made an endless amount of ink pour into academia from various perspectives, mainly in the field of International Relations. Considering its central positioning in Arab-Israeli relations, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan embarks on the Middle Eastern enigma as a central agent that bestows a double-pronged approach towards both parties through its uniqueness and original imprint on the constant interplay of Middle Eastern dynamics. This research aims to draw a comprehensive mapping to the Jordanian unique role vis-à-vis the Palestinian issue since the aftermath of the First World War (1914-1918). The examination of the Jordanian role is conducted via a tripartite pattern: The historical legacies of the Arab-Israeli conflict, the refugee crisis as well as the problems arising from the sea about important regional actors such as the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Israel. Methodology-wise, this article utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods to shed light on the Jordanian role as a case study. This approach is trusted to further foster a holistic understanding of this debatable issue and put into light an understudied perspective of the enigma.

Keywords

Palestinian diaspora, Global displacement, International Relations, MENA, Jordanian Foreign Policy

References

• ● Aqaba Development Corporation, Date of Accession: 17.01.2024 from https://www.adc.jo/about_adc.aspx.
• ● Bauer, Anne (2022), “Jordan and the Palestinian cause”, Konrad Adenauer Stiftung, October 2022, Date of Accession: 12.01.2024 from https://www.kas.de/documents/268421/16446927/Jordan+and+the+Palestinian+Cause.pdf/637518a0-7cf3-066f-caeb-ecd0a8788b49?version=1.0&t=1664645271140.
• ● Britannica, “Abdullah I”, Date of Accession: 13.01.2024 from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Abdullah-I.
• ● Chatelard, Géraldine (2010), “Jordan: A Refugee Haven”, MPI, 31.08.2010, Date of Accession: 11.01.2024 from https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/jordan-refugee-haven/.
• ● Cochran, Judith Ann (2018), “Jordan’s solution to the refugee crisis: idealistic and pragmatic education”, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 47, No: 2, pp. 153-171.
• ● Dastagir, Golam & Ramzy, Ismath (2018), “Ummah”, in (eds. by Zayn R. Kassam & Yudit Kornberg Greenberg & Jehan Bagli) Islam, Judaism, and Zoroastrianism, Encyclopedia of Indian Religions, Springer Dordrecht.
• ● DOS (2022), عدد السكان املقدر لنهاية عام , Department of Statistics, Date of Accession: 16.01.2024 from https://dosweb.dos.gov.jo/DataBank/Population/Population_Estimares/PopulationEstimates.pdf.
• ● European Commission, “Repatriation”, Date of Accession: 10.01.2024 from https://home-affairs.ec.europa.eu/networks/european-migration-network-emn/emn-asylum-and-migration-glossary/glossary/repatriation_en.
• ● Haugbolle, Sune & Olsen, Pelle Valentin (2023), “Emergence of Palestine as a Global Cause”, Middle East Critique, Vol. 32, No: 1, pp. 129-148.
• ● Kabasakal, Hayat & Dastmalchian, Ali & Karacay, Gaye & Bayraktar, Secil (2012), “Leadership and culture in the MENA region: An analysis of the GLOBE project”, Journal of World Business, Vol. 47, No: 4, pp. 519-529.
• ● Kaye, Dalia Dassa & Wehrey, Frederic & Grant, Audra K. & Stahl, Dale (2008), “Chapter Three: Jordan”, in More Freedom, Less Terror? Liberalization and Political Violence in the Arab World, RAND Corporation, pp. 59-80.
• ● Mohamad, Husam A. (2007), “The Peace Process and the Palestinian Political Landscape”, Journal of International and Area Studies, Vol. 14, No: 1, pp. 85-94.
• ● Nasur, Nader Ibrahim M. Bani & Al-Fawwaz, Abdulrahman A. & Al-Afif, Ahmad Kh. (2012), “Jordanian Foreign Policy toward The Palestine Issue”, British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, Vol. 8, No: 1, pp. 1-16.
• ● Nooran, Alhamdan (2021), “Palestinian Refugees: Myth vs Reality”, Middle East Institute Policy Center, February 2021, Date of Accession: 14.01.2024 from https://www.mei.edu/sites/default/files/2021-03/Palestinian%20Refugees%20-%20Myth%20vs%20Reality.pdf.
• ● Omar, Hanana Bamadhaj & Saidin, Mohd Irwan Syazli (2023), “The permanently minority people: Palestinian refugees in Jordan and Lebanon, (Attempted) social death and desire to return”, Cogent Arts & Humanities, Vol. 10, No: 1, pp. 1-20.
• ● Phinney, Todd R. (2007), “The Second Palestinian Intifada”, in Airpower versus Terrorism: Three Case Studies, Air University Press, pp. 43-64.
• ● Shapland, Gred (2020), “Maritime Boundaries in the Middle East”, Asian Affairs, Vol. 51, No: 1, pp. 146-168.
• ● United Nations, “Maritime Boundary Agreement Between the Government of the State of Israel and the Government of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, 18 January 1996”, Date of Accession: 18.01.2024 from https://www.un.org/Depts/los/LEGISLATIONANDTREATIES/PDFFILES/TREATIES/ISR-JOR1996MB.PDF.
• ● UNHRC, “Jordan”, Date of Accession: 13.01.2024 from https://www.unhcr.org/countries/jordan.
• ● United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, “Local integration”, UNHCR, Date of Accession: 10.01.2024 from https://www.unhcr.org/local-integration.
• ● United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, “Resettlement”, Date of Accession: 10.01.2024 from https://www.unhcr.org/what-we-do/build-better-futures/long-term-solutions/resettlement.
• ● United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, “Jordan”, Date of Accession: 15.01.2024 from https://www.unrwa.org/where-we-work/jordan.
• ● Weber, Alan S. & Hamlaoui, Sihem (2018), E-Learning in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region, Springer Cham.
• ● WorldAtlas, “Maps of Jordan”, Date of Accession: 16.01.2024 from https://www.worldatlas.com/maps/jordan.
• ● وزارة خارجية المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية (n.d.). القضية الفلسطينية وعملية السلام. وزارة خارجية المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية. https://www.mfa.gov.jo/content/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85