Moğolların 1251 yılında düzenledikleri
büyük kurultayda Batu Han’ın da desteğini alarak Büyük Han seçilen Mengü Han (1251-1259),
idareyi ele aldıktan sonra ülkesinde yeni düzenlemeler yapmıştır. Mengü Han;
merkezi otoriteyi güçlendirmek ve doğuda da batıda da sınırları genişletebilmek
için kardeşlerinden Kubilay’ı Çin’e, Hülâgû’yü Batı’ya İslam Dünyası üzerine
göndermiştir. Türkistan ve İran topraklarını geçerek Bağdat önlerine gelen
Hülâgû, Abbasi Halifeliğini yıkarak İran, Irak, Azerbaycan ve Suriye
topraklarının bir kısmını da içine alan geniş bir coğrafyada İlhanlı devletini
kurmuştur. Büyük Han’a bağlı olan İlhanlı Devleti, Mısır dışında kalan tüm
İslam toprakları üzerinde hâkimiyetini sağlamıştır. Daha önce Moğol istilasına
uğrayan Anadolu da ise Moğol tahakkümü şiddetini arttırmıştır. Hülâgû Han’ın
Suriye’de hâkimiyet mücadelesi daha önce istila edilen Anadolu’daki Moğol
etkisinin uc bölgelere kadar hissedilmesine sebep olmuştur. Hülâgû Han
Anadolu’ya atadığı komutanlar ve vergi memurları ile burada İlhanlı
hâkimiyetini tesis etmiştir.
Möngke Han (1251-1259) who was selected as the leader of Mongols after the death of Chingis
through a great kurultay with Batu Khan’s support in 1251 launched new
regulations all across the country. He assigned his brothers to different
regions in order to expand the territories towards west and strengthen the
central authority such as Kublai Khan of China and Hulagu of Near East. Hülâgû, who came to the front of Baghdad by
crossing Turkestan and Iranian lands, destroyed the Abbasid Caliphate and
established the Ilkhanids in a wide geography including some parts of Iran,
Iraq, Azerbaijan and Syria. Ilkhanids, which was led by the Great Khan, had
dominated all the Islamic lands outside of Egypt. In Anatolia, where Mongol
invasions were inflicted, the violence of Mongol domination increased as Hülâgû
established the Ilkhanids. The establishment of Ilkhanids and the struggle of
Hülâgû khan's dominance in Syria caused the Mongol influence in Anatolia to be
felt as far as the frontiers. Hülâgû Han established the control of Ilkhanids with
the commanders and tax officers he assigned to Anatolia.
After the Mongol rule have inflicted over the Anatolian Seljuks, many
Ilkhanid commanders were sent to Anatolia. The commanders were fighting against
Mongol groups in the region where they were established, and forced the people
to obey the Mongols. To this end, many of the anti-Mongolian people were killed
and the cities and regions were looted and plundered. In this study; the Mongol
commanders, who were primarily involved in the invasion of Anatolia are
investigated regarding the important
Mongol Noyans, such as Çurmagun Noyan, Elçigiday Noyan, Baycu Noyan, Yasavur
Noyan, Hoca Noyan, Engürek Noyan. Subsequently, we tried to elaborate on the
information provided by the sources of the period about Alıncak Noyan, İlkan
Noyan, Nabşi Noyan and Uruktu Noyan who were sent to or served in Anatolia
during the period of Hülâgû Han. We discussed the activities, persecutions,
massacres and plundering of these commanders in Anatolia. In addition, the activities
carried out by the administrative, military and economic managers of the
Anatolian Seljuk State together with the commanders of the Seljuk State were
mentioned and the effects of this situation on the Anatolian Seljuk State and
the Muslim Anatolian people were mentioned.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 21, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Issue: 9 |
Selçuk University Journal of Seljuk Studies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY NC).