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Seyahatnamelere Göre 19. Yüzyılda Anadolu’da Yaşayan Türklerin Mezar Kültürü

Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 675 - 689, 27.12.2017

Abstract

Cenazeye karşı yapılagelen görevler arasında
yer alan defin işlemi, aynı zamanda İslâm’ın insana verdiği değeri de gösteren
dinî bir görev özelliği taşır. Cenaze namazı gibi bunun da farz olması, bu
görevin herkes tarafından olmasa bile toplum adına bir grup veya kurum
tarafından yerine getirilmesi gerektiğini gösterir. Ancak bu konuda mevcut
bilgi ve usuller, esas ve amaçta aynı olmakla birlikte mahallî kültür ve
geleneklerin değişikliği sebebiyle zaman zaman farklılıklar gösterebilmektedir.
Bu farklılıklar yerel, bölgesel ve ulusal boyutta olduğu kadar aynı zamanda
evrenseldir.  Nitekim 19.yy’da Anadolu’da
ikamet eden Türk nüfusun mezar kültürü bakımından ne tür gelenek ve inançlara
sahip olduğunun başlıca göstergesi seyahatnameler olmuştur. Bu kaynaklarda yer
alan bilgiler, mezar kültürünün Anadolu genelinde nasıl benimsendiğini
göstermekle birlikte, farklı ülkeler ve dolayısıyla dinlerle de kıyaslama
yapılmasına imkân vermektedir.



Bu çalışma 19.yy’da Anadolu’da yaşayan
Türk nüfusun mezar kültürünün farklı ülke ve dine mensup kişilerce, farklı bir
bakış açısı ile yansıtılmasını amaçlamaktadır. 
19.yy’da Anadolu’yu ziyaret eden seyyahların kaleme aldığı
seyahatnamelerin tespit edilerek Türkçe ’ye tercüme edilmesi suretiyle ilgili
bilgilerin toplanması yöntemi benimsenmiş; uygulama grubu olarak da İngilizce
yazılan seyahatnameler dikkate alınmıştır. 

References

  • Asiltürk, B. (2000), Osmanlı Seyyahlarının Gözüyle Avrupa, Kaknüs Yayınları, İstanbul. Audjlo, John.(1835) Journal of a Visit to Constantinople and Some of the Greek Islands in The Spring and Summer of 1833, Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, London. Baillie, E.C.C. (1873).A Sail to Smyrna or An Englishwoman’s Journal, Longmans Green and Co., London, 1873. Bozkurt, Nebi. “Mezarlıklar”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, C.29. Brassey, Annie. (1880)Sunshine and Storm in the East, Longmans, Green and CO., London. Browne, John Ross. (1853)Yusef or The Journey of The Frengi, Harper&Brothers, New York. Clement, C. (1895) Constantinople, H.M. Coldwell Company, New York-Boston. Colbeck, Alfred. (1887)A Summer’s Cruise in the Waters of Greece, Turkey and Russia, Fisher Unvin, London. Colton, Walter. (1835)Ship and Shore or Leaves From the Journal of A Cruise to The Levant, Published By Leavitt, Lord & CO., New York. Eliot, Charles Boileau. (1838)Travels in The Three Great Empires of Austria, Russia and Turkey, Vol. I, Richard Bentley New Burlington Street, London. Frankland, Charles Colville. (1830)Travels to and from Constantinople in 1827 and 1828, Volume I, Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, London. Griffiths, John. (1805) Travels in Europe, Asia Minor and Arabia, By John Brown, London. Hahn, Contess. (1845) Letters from the Orient, J.C. Moore, 12 Wellington Street North Strand. Koç, Nurgün. (1999) W.M. Ramsay’ın Eserlerine Göre XIX. Yüzyıl Sonu İle XX. Yüzyıl Başlarında Türkiye, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir. Macmichael, William. (1819) Journey From Moscow to Constinople In The Years of 1816-1817, John Murray Albemarle Street, London. Madden, Richard Robert.(1829) Travels in Turkey, Egypt, Nubia and Palestine in 1824, 1825, 1826and 1827, Vol. I, Henry Colburn New Burlington Street, London. Mac Farlane, Charles.(1853) Kısmet or the Doom of Turkey, Thomas Bosworth, Regent Street, London. Muller, Georgina Adelaide. (1897) Letters From Constantinople, Longmans, Green and Co., London. Nassau, W. Senior. (1859) A Journal Kept in Turkey and Greece in The Autumn of 1857 and The Beginning of 1858, Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, London. Newton, Charles Thomas. (1865) Travels and Discoveries in The Levant, Gate Street, Vol. II, London. Pardoe, Julia. (1838)The Beauties of Bosphorus, George Virtue, 26, Ivy Lane, London. Pardoe, Julia. (1838)The City of The Sultan and Domestic Manners of the Turks in 1836, Volume I, Henry Colburn, Publisher, London. Porter, David.(1835) Constantinople and Its Environs, Volume II, Published by Harper and Brothers, New York. Schneider, Eliza Cheney Abbot. (1846)Letters From Broosa, Asia Minor, Chambersburg. Slade, Adolphus. (1833) Records of Travels in Turkey, Greece and of A Cruise in The Black Sea with The Capitan Pasha in The Years 1829, 1830 and 1831, E.L. Carey & A. Hart – Chesnut Street, Volume II, Philadelphia. Smith, Albert. (1850) A Month at Constantinople, Second Edition, David Bogue 86 Fleet Street, London. Stephens, John L. (1839) Incidents of Travel in Greece, Turkey, Russia and Poland, William Curry, Jun and Company, Dublin. Thornbury, Walter. (1860)Turkish Life and Character, Smith, Elder and Co. 65 Cornhill, Volume 2, London. Thornton, Thomas.(1807) The Present State of Turkey or A Description of The Political, Civil and Religious Constitution, Government and Laws of The Ottoman Empire, Printed For Joseph Mawman, 22 Poultry, London Turner, William.(1820) Journal of a Tour in the Levant, John Murray Albemarle Street, Vol. I, London. Wilkinson, Charles. (1806)A Tour Through Asia Minor and The Greek Islands with an Account of the Inhabitants, Natural Productions and Curiosities, Darton and Harvey, London. Wittman, William. (1803)Travels in Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria and Across the Desert into Egypt During The Years 1799, 1800 and 1801in Company with The Turkish Army, and The British Military Mission, Printed for Richard Phillips, No: 71, St. Paul’s Church Yard, London
Year 2017, Volume: 10 Issue: 4, 675 - 689, 27.12.2017

Abstract

References

  • Asiltürk, B. (2000), Osmanlı Seyyahlarının Gözüyle Avrupa, Kaknüs Yayınları, İstanbul. Audjlo, John.(1835) Journal of a Visit to Constantinople and Some of the Greek Islands in The Spring and Summer of 1833, Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green & Longman, London. Baillie, E.C.C. (1873).A Sail to Smyrna or An Englishwoman’s Journal, Longmans Green and Co., London, 1873. Bozkurt, Nebi. “Mezarlıklar”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi, C.29. Brassey, Annie. (1880)Sunshine and Storm in the East, Longmans, Green and CO., London. Browne, John Ross. (1853)Yusef or The Journey of The Frengi, Harper&Brothers, New York. Clement, C. (1895) Constantinople, H.M. Coldwell Company, New York-Boston. Colbeck, Alfred. (1887)A Summer’s Cruise in the Waters of Greece, Turkey and Russia, Fisher Unvin, London. Colton, Walter. (1835)Ship and Shore or Leaves From the Journal of A Cruise to The Levant, Published By Leavitt, Lord & CO., New York. Eliot, Charles Boileau. (1838)Travels in The Three Great Empires of Austria, Russia and Turkey, Vol. I, Richard Bentley New Burlington Street, London. Frankland, Charles Colville. (1830)Travels to and from Constantinople in 1827 and 1828, Volume I, Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, London. Griffiths, John. (1805) Travels in Europe, Asia Minor and Arabia, By John Brown, London. Hahn, Contess. (1845) Letters from the Orient, J.C. Moore, 12 Wellington Street North Strand. Koç, Nurgün. (1999) W.M. Ramsay’ın Eserlerine Göre XIX. Yüzyıl Sonu İle XX. Yüzyıl Başlarında Türkiye, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir. Macmichael, William. (1819) Journey From Moscow to Constinople In The Years of 1816-1817, John Murray Albemarle Street, London. Madden, Richard Robert.(1829) Travels in Turkey, Egypt, Nubia and Palestine in 1824, 1825, 1826and 1827, Vol. I, Henry Colburn New Burlington Street, London. Mac Farlane, Charles.(1853) Kısmet or the Doom of Turkey, Thomas Bosworth, Regent Street, London. Muller, Georgina Adelaide. (1897) Letters From Constantinople, Longmans, Green and Co., London. Nassau, W. Senior. (1859) A Journal Kept in Turkey and Greece in The Autumn of 1857 and The Beginning of 1858, Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, and Roberts, London. Newton, Charles Thomas. (1865) Travels and Discoveries in The Levant, Gate Street, Vol. II, London. Pardoe, Julia. (1838)The Beauties of Bosphorus, George Virtue, 26, Ivy Lane, London. Pardoe, Julia. (1838)The City of The Sultan and Domestic Manners of the Turks in 1836, Volume I, Henry Colburn, Publisher, London. Porter, David.(1835) Constantinople and Its Environs, Volume II, Published by Harper and Brothers, New York. Schneider, Eliza Cheney Abbot. (1846)Letters From Broosa, Asia Minor, Chambersburg. Slade, Adolphus. (1833) Records of Travels in Turkey, Greece and of A Cruise in The Black Sea with The Capitan Pasha in The Years 1829, 1830 and 1831, E.L. Carey & A. Hart – Chesnut Street, Volume II, Philadelphia. Smith, Albert. (1850) A Month at Constantinople, Second Edition, David Bogue 86 Fleet Street, London. Stephens, John L. (1839) Incidents of Travel in Greece, Turkey, Russia and Poland, William Curry, Jun and Company, Dublin. Thornbury, Walter. (1860)Turkish Life and Character, Smith, Elder and Co. 65 Cornhill, Volume 2, London. Thornton, Thomas.(1807) The Present State of Turkey or A Description of The Political, Civil and Religious Constitution, Government and Laws of The Ottoman Empire, Printed For Joseph Mawman, 22 Poultry, London Turner, William.(1820) Journal of a Tour in the Levant, John Murray Albemarle Street, Vol. I, London. Wilkinson, Charles. (1806)A Tour Through Asia Minor and The Greek Islands with an Account of the Inhabitants, Natural Productions and Curiosities, Darton and Harvey, London. Wittman, William. (1803)Travels in Turkey, Asia Minor, Syria and Across the Desert into Egypt During The Years 1799, 1800 and 1801in Company with The Turkish Army, and The British Military Mission, Printed for Richard Phillips, No: 71, St. Paul’s Church Yard, London
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Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehmet Karayaman

Buğra İnal

Publication Date December 27, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 10 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Karayaman, M., & İnal, B. (2017). Seyahatnamelere Göre 19. Yüzyılda Anadolu’da Yaşayan Türklerin Mezar Kültürü. Uşak Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 10(4), 675-689. https://doi.org/10.12780/usaksosbil.371744

Address: Uşak University Graduate Education Institute
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