The EU-NATO Relations in the Post-Cold War Security Context

Abstract

This article aims to analyze the EU-NATO relations in the post-Cold War security context in order to find out whether the two interlocking organizations cohabitate or separate. The first part of the article discusses the evolution of EU-NATO relations in the post-Cold War era. The second part analyzes the resolution of the main obstacle for the finalization of the security arrangement between EU and NATO, which would enable the EU to use NATO assets and capabilities through Berlin Plus arrangement. The third part examines the first EU-led military operation with recourse to NATO assets, Operation Concordia (2003). This article concludes that evolving and dynamic nature of the EU and NATO relations do not allow us to give a clear answer to whether the EU and NATO cohabitate or separate. The answer to this question is closely dependent on the political will of major powers to overcome obstacles for effective EU-NATO relationship. However, given the insecure environment of the post-Cold War era and new security challenges like global terrorism, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, it can be argued that EU and NATO should strive for cohabiting and working together in a complementary and harmonious way to tackle with these challenges.

Keywords

• European Union,NATO,Berlin Plus,Operation Concordia,Post-Cold War Era

Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Güvenlik Ortamında AB-NATO İlişkileri

Abstract

Bu makale, Soğuk Savaş sonrası güvenlik ortamında aralarında sıkı bir bağ bulunan AB ile NATO arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu çerçevede makale iki örgütün gelecekte bir arada varolmaya devam mı edeceği yoksa ayrı yollara mı gideceği sorusuna cevap aramaktadır. Makalenin ilk bölümü Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemde AB-NATO ilişkilerinin gelişimini incelenmektedir. İkinci bölümde AB’nin kendi yürüttüğü operasyonlarda NATO imkan ve kabiliyetlerini kullanmasına olanak sağlayacak olan AB-NATO arasındaki düzenlemenin Berlin Artı güvenlik düzenlemesi ile nasıl çözüldüğü incelenmektedir. Üçüncü bölümde ise Berlin Artı düzenlemesinin ilk uygulaması olan AB’nin Makedonya’da yürüttüğü Concordia Operasyonu (2003) incelenmektedir. Sonuç olarak, AB ile NATO arasındaki ilişkinin sürekli gelişen dinamik doğası, AB ile NATO’nun gelecekte bir arada varolmaya devam mı edeceği yoksa ayrı yollara mı gideceği sorusuna net bir cevap vermemizi zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu, daha çok etkin bir AB-NATO ilişkisi kurulmasının önündeki engellerin ortadan kaldırılmasına yönelik başat güçlerin siyasi iradesine bağlı görünmektedir. Ancak, Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemin güvensiz ve belirsiz ortamı ve küresel terörizm ve kitle imha silahlarının yayılması gibi yeni tehditler gözönüne alındığında iki örgütün bu tehditlerle başa çıkmak için birbirlerini tamamlayan şekilde ve uyum içinde çalışarak bir arada var olmaya devam etme mecburiyetinde olduklarını iddia edebiliriz.

Keywords

• Avrupa Birliği,NATO,Berlin Artı,Concordia Operasyonu,Soğuk Savaş Sonrası Dönemi

References

1. Abele, A.B. (2003). “The EU Rapid Reaction Force and the Operation “Concordia” in Macedonia”, Armed Conflict and Military Intervention, available on line at: www.juridicum.at/component/option,com_docman/task,doc_download/gid,103/Itemid,91/. Accessed on 03 April 2004. Andréani, G., et.al. (2001). Europe’s military revolution. London: CER Publishing. Aybet, G. (2000). A European security architecture after the Cold War. NewYork: St.Martin’s Press. Bağcı, H. and Yıldız, A. (2004). Turkey and European Security and Defence Policy: From confrontational to cooperative relationship. In A. Karaosmanoğlu and S. Taşhan (eds.). The Europeanization of Turkey’s Security Policy: The Prospects and Pitfalls. Ankara: Foreign Policy Institute. Bağcı, H. (2003). Turkey and Europe: security issues. In M.S. Radu (ed.). Dangerous Neighborhood, Contemporary Issues in Turkey’s Foreign Relations. New Brunswick: Transatlantic Publishers. Bluth, C. (2000). Germany and the future of European Security. Britain: Macmillan Press Ltd.. Bono, G. (n.d.). Operation Concordia: the first step towards a new strategic partnership EU-NATO relationship?. available on line at www.weltpolitik.net/policy-forum/article/1638.html. Accessed on 11 March 2004. Brenner, M. (1998). Terms of engagement. Washington: Praeger Publishers. Carr, F. and Kostas I.. (1996). NATO in the New European Order. Great Britain: MacMillan Press Ltd. Cebeci, M. (2002). CESDP: A Turkish Perspective. In P.G.Xuereb (ed). Euro-Mediterranean Integration: The Mediterranean’s European Challenge. Malta: EDRC. availbale on line http://home.um.edu.mt/edrc/publications/documents/chapter/.pdf. Accessed on 12 March 2004. Cogan, C.G. (2001). Third Option: The Emancipation of European Defense, 1989-2000. Westport: Greenwood Publishing. Çayhan, E., Towards a European Security and Defence Policy: With or Without Turkey?. Turkish Studies, 4(1), 35-54. Dinan, D. (1999). Ever Closer Union: An Introduction to European Integration. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers. Duke, S. (1994). The New European Security Disorder. Great Britain: Macmillan Press. Gözen, R. (2003). Turkey’s Delicate Position Between NATO and ESDP. Ankara: Center For Strategic Research Papers. Haine, J. (2004). Berlin Plus. Briefing Paper. Paris: Institute for Streategic Studies of the European Union. Howorth, J. (2000). Britain, France and European Defence Initiative. Survival, 10 (2), 33-55. Howorth J. (2001). European Defence and the Changing Politics of the European Union: Hanging Together or Hanging Separately?. Journal of Common Market Studies, 39(4), 765–778. Hunter, R.E. (2002). The European Security and Defence Policy: NATO’s Companion or Competitor?. Washington: RAND Publications. McCalla, R.B. (1996). NATO’s Persistence after the Cold War International Organization, 50(3), 445-475. Missiroli, A. (2003). ESDP-Post Iraq. Building a European Security and Defence Policy: what are the priorities?. Lecture given at the International Seminar for Experts on 12-13 June 2003. Available on line at www.cicerofoundation.org. Accessed on 11 February 2004. NATO (2003, December). NATO Note no.8. Vol. 5. Available on lie at www.iss-eu.org. Accessed on 25 March 2004. Nuttall, S.J. (2000). European Foreign Policy. United States: Oxford University Press. Öymen, O. (2001). Turkey and The New Challenges to European Security, European Foreign Affairs Review, 6(4), 401-405. Rees, W. (2001). The Eliminating The Middle Man. In M.A. Smith and G.Timmins (eds). Uncertain Europe: Building a new European Security Order. New York: Routledge. Sloan, S. (2003). NATO, The European Union, and the Atlantic Community. US: Rowman&Littlefield Publishers. Solana, J. (2003, 31 March). Speech delivered on the launch of the EU led-military operation in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. Brussels. Taylor, T. (1994). West European Security and Defence Cooperation: Maastricht and Beyond. International Affairs, 70(1), 1-16. Vincze, H. (2003). Beyond Symbolism: the EU’s First Military Operation Seen in its Context. Die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswärtige Politik. Available at: http://www.weltpolitik.net. Accessed on 17 April 2004. Wyatt-Walter, H. (1997). The European Community and Security Dilemma,1979-1992. Macmillan Press: London.