The Effect of Reactive Strength Index on Some Parameters of Young Football Players

Year 2021, , 31 - 39, 15.03.2021

Recep Fatih Kayhan , Alper Çıkıkcı , Ozan Gülez

https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.835723

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the reactive strength index of young athletes and the parameters of agility, sprint and eccentric usage rate. The current research is expected to raise awareness for trainers, conditioners and researchers working in this field in terms of reactive power.
Methods: A total of 21 players from the Beşiktaş Football Team's U15 team participated in the study in the 2019-2020 season. While height, weight and body mass index measurements were used to determine the physical parameters of the players, reactive strength index-drop jump test, pro agility test and maximal sprint speed-acceleration test were used as performance tests. SPSS 24.0 licensed package program was used for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Data; presented as the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum value and maximum value. Pearson correlation test was used to control the relationship between variables.
Results: While a significant relationship was found between young football players' reactive strength index and their changing direction performance (r = 0.619; p <0.05); There was no significant relationship between reactive force and sprint performances (p> 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study show that there is a high correlation between reactive strength and agility in young football players. According to these results, it can be suggested to consider the reactive force index parameter in the strength and agility assessment process of young football players. Also, it was seen in the study that reactive force was not related to sprint performance components. This is thought to be because speed and agility are different physical qualities.

Keywords

Reactive strength index, Footbal player, Agility, Training

Genç Futbolcularda Reaktif Kuvvet İndeksinin Bazı Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı genç sporcuların reaktif kuvvet indeksinin çeviklik, sprint ve eksantrik kullanım oranı parametreleriyle ilişkisinin belirlenmesidir. Mevcut araştırmanın reaktif kuvvet konusu açısından antrenörler, kondisyonerler ve bu alanda çalışma yapan araştırmacılar için bir farkındalık oluşturması beklenmektedir.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya 2019-2020 sezonunda Beşiktaş Futbol Takımının, U15 takımında yer alan toplam 21 futbolcu katılmıştır. Futbolcuların fiziksel parametrelerini belirlemek için boy, kilo ve vücut kitle indeksi ölçümleri kullanılırken, performans testleri olarak reaktif kuvvet indeksi-drop sıçrama testi, pro çeviklik testi ve maksimal sprint sürati-ivmelenme testi kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilerin istatistiksel olarak analiz edilmesinde SPSS 24.0 lisanslı paket programı kullanılmıştır. Veriler; aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, minimum değer ve maksimum değer olarak sunulmuştur. Değişkenler arasındaki ilişkinin kontrolü için Pearson korelasyonu testi uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Genç futbolcuların reaktif kuvvet indeksi ve yön değiştirme performansları arasında
(r=0,619; p<0,05) anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanırken; reaktif kuvvet ve sprint performansları arasında
(p>0,05) anlamlı ilişkiye rastlanmamıştır.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmanın bulguları genç futbolcularda, reaktif kuvvet özelliği ile çeviklik arasında
yüksek ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu sonuçlara göre genç futbolcuların kuvvet ve çeviklik değerlendirmesi sürecinde reaktif kuvvet indeksi parametresinin göz önünde bulundurulması
önerilebilir. Ayrıca çalışmada reaktif kuvvetin, sprint performansı bileşenleriyle ilişkili olmadığı görülmüştür. Bunun nedeninin hız ve çevikliğin farklı fiziksel nitelikler olmasından kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Reaktif kuvvet indeksi, Futbolcu, Çeviklik, Antrenman

References

• Al Haddad, H., Simpson, B. M., Buchheit, M., Di Salvo, V., & Mendez-Villanueva, A. (2015). Peak match speed and maximal sprinting speed in youth players: effect of age and playing position. Int. Journal Sports Physio Perf, 10(7): 888-896.
• Asian Clemente, J. A., Requena, B., Jukic, I., Nayler, J., Hernández, A. S., Carling, C. (2019). Is physical performance a differentiating element between more or less successful football teams? Sports Medicine, 7, 216.
• Baker, D., & Nance, S. (1999). The relation between running speed and measures of strength and power in professional rugby league players. Journal Strength Cond Research, 13: 230–235.
• Bayraktar, I. (2013). Elit boksörlerin çeviklik, sürat, reaksiyon ve dikey sıçrama yetileri arasındaki ilişkiler. Akademik Bakış Dergisi. ISSN:1694-528, X(35), 1-8.
• Billat, V. L., Andkoralszteın, J. P. (1996). Significance of the velocity at VO2max and time to exhaustion at this velocity. Sports Medicine, 22:90–108.
• Blondel, C., Delsart, C., & Goldfarb, F. (2001). Electron spectrometry at the µeV level and the electron affinities of Si and F. Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics, 34(9), L281.
• Bloomfield, J., Polman, R., O’Donoghue, P. (2007). Physical demands of different positions in FA premier league soccer. Journal Sports Sciences Medicine, 21, 63–70.
• Buchheit, M. (2008). The 30-15 intermittent fitness test: accuracy for individualizing interval training of young intermittent sport players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(2), 365-374.
• Buchheit, M., & Laursen, P. B. (2013). High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle. Sports Medicine, 43(10), 927-954.
• Dupont, G., Akakpo, K., & Berthoin, S. (2004). The effect of in-season, high-intensity interval training in soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 18(3), 584-589.
• Ebben, W. P., & Petushek, E. J. (2010). Using the reactive strength index modified to evaluate plyometric performance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 24(8), 1983-1987.
• Farrow, D., Young, W., & Bruce, L. (2005). The development of a test of reactive agility for netball: a new methodology. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sports, 8(1), 52-60.
• Faude, O., Koch, T., Meyer, T. (2012). Straight sprinting is the most frequent action in goal situations in professional football. Journal Sports Sciences Medicine, 30, 625–631.
• Flanagan, E. P., Ebben, W. P., & Jensen, R. L. (2008). Reliability of the reactive strength index and time to stabilization during depth jumps. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(5), 1677-1682.
• Hazır, T., Mahir, Ö. F., & Açıkada, C. (2010). Genç futbolcularda çeviklik ile vücut kompozisyonu ve anaerobik güç arasındaki ilişki. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(4), 146-153.
• Hennessy, L., & Kilty, J. (2001). Relationship of the stretch-shortening cycle to sprint performance in trained female athletes. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 15(3), 326-331.
• Henry, G., Dawson, B., Lay, B., and Young, W. B. (2011). Validity of a reactive agility test for australian football. Int Journal Sports Physiol Perform, 6:534– 545.
• İnce, İ. (2019). Effects of split style olympic weightlifting training on leg stiffness vertical jump change of direction and sprint in collegiate volleyball players. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(1), 24-31.
• Jones, P., Bampouras, T., Marrin, K. (2009). An investigation into the physical determinants of change of direction speed. Journal Sports Medicine Phys. Fit, 49, 97–104.
• Jovanovic, M., Sporis, G., Omrcen, D., & Fiorentini, F. (2010). Efects of speed, agiliyt, quıckness training method on power performance in elite soccer players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 1-8.
• Kutlu, M., Yapici, H., Yoncalik, O., Celik, S. (2012). Comparison of a new test for agility and skill in soccer with other agility tests. Journal Human Kinetics, 33, 143–150.
• Lloyd, R. S., Oliver, J. L., Hughes, M. G., & Williams, C. A. (2012). The effects of 4-weeks of plyometric training on reactive strength index and leg stiffness in male youths. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2812-2819.
• Lockie, R., Shultz, A., Callaghan, S., Jeffriess, M., Berry, S. (2013). Reliability and validity of a new change-of-direction speed for field, based sports; the change-of-direction and acceleration tests (CODAT). Journal Sports Sciences Medicine, 12, 88–96.
• Lord, P., & Campagna, P. (1997). Drop height selection and progression in a drop jump program. Strength and Conditioning, 19(6), 65-69.
• Matlák, J., Tihanyi, J., & Rácz, L. (2016). Relationship between reactive agility and change of direction speed in amateur soccer players. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 30(6), 1547-1552.
• McClymont, D. (2003). Use of the reactive strength index (RSI) as an indicator of plyometric training conditions. In Science and Football V: The proceedings of the fifth World Congress on Sports Science and Football, Lisbon, Portugal, 408-16.
• Mero, A., & Komi, P. V. (1985). Sprintte maksimum hızın biyomekanik değişkenler üzerindeki etkileri. Uygulamalı Biyomekanik Dergisi, 1 (3), 240-252.
• Newton, R. U., Dugan, E. (2002). Application of strength diagnosis. Strength Cond Journal, 385; 24(5):50-9.
• Nicol, C., Avela, J., & Komi, P. V. (2006). The stretch-shortening cycle. Sports Medicine, 36: 977-508 999.
• Otman, A. S., Demirel, H., & Sade, A. (1995). Tedavi Hareketlerin de Temel Değerlendirme Prensipleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon Yüksekokulu Yayımları, 16, Ankara, 14-20.
• Özbay, S. (2019). The Effects of Different Types of Strength Training for Recreational Purposes on the Body Composition and Strength Development of University Students. Asian Journal of Education and Training, 5(2), 381-385.
• Özbay, S., & Ulupinar, S. (2018). The Effect of Moderate-Intensity Technical Training and Resistance Training on Selected Hematological Parameters of Elite Wrestlers. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6 (11), 2679-2682.
• Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of Sports Sciences, 18, 669–683.
• Sert, V. (2016). Genç tenis oyuncularında bacak gücü ve katılığı: Sürat ve çeviklik performansı ile ilişkisi. Sakarya Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Sakarya.
• Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W. B. (2006). Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24(9), 919-932.
• Sheppard, J. M., Young, W. B., Doyle, T. L. A., Sheppard, T. A., and Newton, R. U. (2006). An evaluation of a new test of reactive agility and its relationship to sprint speed and change of direction speed. Journal Science Medicine Sports, 9: 342–349.
• Smirniotou, A., Katsikas, C., Paradisis, G., Argeitaki, P., Zacharogiannis, E., & Tziortzis, S. (2008). Strength-power parameters as predictors of sprinting performance. Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness, 48(4), 447.
• Sporis, G., Jukic, I., Milanovic, L., Vucetic, V. (2010). Reliability and factorial validity of agility tests for soccer players. Journal Strength Cond. Research, 24, 679–686.
• Steffen, K., Bakka, H. M., Myklebust, G., Bahr, R. (2008). Performance aspects of an injury prevention program: a ten-week intervention in adolescent female football players. Scand Journal Medicine Sciences Sports, 18:596e604.
• Taşkınalp, O., Yaprak, M., & Toksöz, İ. (1995). Erkek Futbolcuların Bazı Antropometrik Özellikleri. Balkan Medical Journal, 1, 45-48.
• Thomas, C., Jones, P. A., & Comfort, P. (2015). Reliability of the dynamic strength index in college athletes. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(5), 542-545.
• Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği. (2019). Obezite tanı ve tedavi kılavuzu, Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği, http://temd.org.tr/kılavuzlar. (Erişim Tarihi: 08.05.2020)
• Watts, D. G., Kelly, V. G., & Young, K. P. (2012). The efficacy of a four-week intervention of complex training on power development in elite junior volleyball players. Journal Aust Strength Cond, 20(2), 12-22.
• Yıldız, S., Ates, O., Gelen, E., Çirak, E., Bakici, D., Sert, V., & Kayihan, G. (2018). The Relationship between Start Speed, Acceleration and Speed Performances in Soccer. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(8), 1697-1700.
• Young, W. (1995). Laboratory strength assessment of athletes. New Stud Athlete, 10: 88 – 96.
• Young, W. B., James, R., & Montgomery, I. (2002). Is muscle power related to running speed with changes of direction? Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness. 42:282-288.
• Young, W. B., Mcdowell, H. M., & Scarlett, B. J. (2001). Specificity of sprint and agility training methods. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 15(3), 315–319.
• Young, W., & Farrow, D. (2006) A review of agility: practical applications for strength and conditioning. National Strength and Conditioning Association. Volume 28, Number 5,24–29.