Comparison of Motor Coordination Levels of Children With Down Syndrome and Normally Developed Children -Germany Case-

Abstract

Aim: The primary aim of this study was to compare the motor coordination levels of primary school age children with Down Syndrome (DS) and normally developed children in the age group of 7-10 years. The secondary aim is to examine the effects of normal weight, excess weight, and obesity on motor coordination values.

 Methods: A total of 101 children of primary school age, 47 with Down Syndrome (37 boys / 10 girls) and 54 normally developed (27 boys / 27 girls) aged 7-10 participated in the study. In the determination of motor coordination values, the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK), which consists of the subtests of stepping back, jumping one foot, jumping sideways, and stepping sideways, was used. The skewness-kurtosis values of the data and the normality analysis were examined; and the t-test was used in the comparison of two independent groups in the analysis of the normally distributed data; and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare two or more unrelated groups; and Bonferroni test, one of the post hoc tests, was used to determine the source of the difference between normal weight, overweight and obese groups.

Results: According to the data obtained, it was determined that children with DS were overweight and obese compared to their normally developed peers, while all the tests conducted concluded that children with DS showed statistically lower overall motor performance than their normally developed peers (p<0,.05). However, girls showed lower motor coordination than boys (p<0.05), while normal-weight children achieved higher total motor coordination values than that of overweight and obese children (p<0.05). 

Conclusion: It is considered that the data obtained will provide important clues about the motor coordination values and body composition of children with DS and will contribute to taking precautions against the health risks of children with DS, who are more affected by a sedentary lifestyle compared to their normally developing peers.

Keywords

• Down Syndrome
• Motor coordination
• Overweight
• Obesity

Down Sendromlu ve Normal Gelişim Gösteren Çocukların Motor Koordinasyon Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırması -Almanya Örneklemi-

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın öncelikli amacı 7-10 yaş grubundaki Down Sendromlu (DS) ve normal gelişim gösteren ilk okul çağındaki çocukların motor koordinasyon düzeylerinin karşılaştırmasıdır. İkincil amaç normal kilo, fazla kilo ve obezitenin motor koordinasyon değerlerine etkilerinin incelenmesidir.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya yaşları 7–10 arasında 47 DS’lu (37 erkek/10 kız) 54 normal gelişim gösteren (27 erkek/27 kız) toplam 101 ilk öğretim çağındaki çocuk katılmıştır. Motor koordinasyon değerlerinin belirlemesinde geriye adımlama, tek ayak sıçrama, yanlara sıçrama, yanlara adımlama alt testlerinden oluşan Körperkoordinasyon Test für Kinder (KTK) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çarpıklık – basıklık değerleri ile normallik analizine bakılmış, normal dağılım gösteren verilerin analizinde bağımsız iki grup karşılaştırmasında t-testi, ilişkisiz iki ya da daha fazla grupların karşılaştırılmasında tek yönlü varyans analizi ve normal kilo, fazla kilo ve obez grupları arasındaki farkın kaynağının belirlenmesi için post hoc testlerinden Bonferroni testi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Elde edilen verilerden DS’lu çocukların normal gelişim gösteren akranlarına göre fazla kilolu ve obez oldukları belirlenirken, uygulanan testlerin tamamında DS’lu çocukların normal gelişim gösteren akranlarına oranla istatiksel olarak daha düşük toplam motor performans sergiledikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır (p<0,.05). Aynı zamanda kızlar erkeklere göre daha düşük vücut koordinasyonu gösterirken (p<0.05), normal kilolu çocukların fazla kilolu ve obez çocuklara oranla daha yüksek toplam motor koordinasyon değerlerine ulaştıkları belirlenmiştir (p<0.05).

Sonuç: Elde edilen verilerin DS’lu çocukların motor koordinasyon değerleri ve vücut kompozisyonları hakkında önemli ipuçları vererek, normal gelişim gösteren akranlarına göre hareketsiz bir yaşam tarzından daha fazla etkilenen DS’lu çocukların sağlık risklerine karşı önlemler alınmasına katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir. 

Keywords

• Down Sendromu
• Motor koordinasyon
• Fazla kilo
• Obezite

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