Bu çalışmada, radyo, televizyon, internet ve gazete gibi medya araçlarında yayınlanan suç ve şiddet içerikli programların kişiler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Özellikle kriminoloji alanı içerisinde önemli bir yeri olan suç korkusunun oluşmasında medya şiddetinin tesiri de ele alınmıştır. Çocuk ve ergenlerde başta olmak üzere medyada yayınlanan suç davranışlarının gösteriliş şekilleri ve kullanılan dil gibi etkenler nedeniyle kişilerde suç korkusu, suça yönelme, öfke, saldırganlık ve çeşitli psikolojik rahatsızlıklar görülebileceği düşünülmektedir. Medya ve suç arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koymak üzere araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen kuram ve hipotezler açıklanmış, konu ile ilgili yapılan araştırmalara yer verilmiştir.
Anderson, C. A., Bushman, B. J., Donnerstein, E., Hummer, T. A., Warburton, W. (2015). “SPSSI Research Summary on Media Violence”. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy. 15(1). 4-19.
Berkowitz, L., Anderson, C., Donnerstein, E., Huessman, L., Johnson, J., Linz, D., Wartella, E. (2003). “The influence of media violence on youth”. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 4(3). 81-110.
Burger, J. M. (2006). Kişilik. (İ. D. Sarıoğlu, çev.) İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları
Bushman, B. J. ve Anderson, C. A. (2002). “Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model”. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 28. 1679–1686.
Bushman, B. J. ve Huesmann, L. R. (2006). “Short Term and Long Term Effects of Violent Media on Aggression in Children and Adults”. Archives of Pediatrics
& AdolescentMedicine. 160. 348-352.
Chiricos, T., Padgett, K., Gertz, M. (2000). “Fear, Television News, and the Reality of Crime”. Criminology. 38(3). 755-786.
Custers, K. ve van den Bluck, J. (2011). “Mediators of the Association Between Television Viewing and Fear of Crime: Perceived Personal Risk and Perceived
Ability to Cope”. Poetics. 39. 107-124.
Demirbaş, T. (2001). Kriminoloji. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Donnerstein, E., Slaby, G., Eron, L. D. (1994). “The Mass Media and Youth Aggression”. L. D. Eron, J. H. Gentry, P. Schlegel (eds.) Reason to Hope: A Psychosocial Perspective on Violence & Youth. (219-250). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Erdönmez, E. (2009). The Effect of Media on Citizens’ Fear of Crime in Turkey. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). ABD: University of North Texas.
Fanti, K. A., Vanman, E., Henrich, C. C., Avraamides, M. N. (2009). “Desensitization to Media Violence Over a Short Period of Time”. Aggressive Behavior.
35.179-187.
Ferraro, K. F. (1995). Fear of Crime: Interpreting Victimization Risk. New York: State University of New York.
Franklin, T. W., Franklin, C. A., Fearn, N. E. (2008). “A Multilevel Analysis of the Vulnerability, Disorder, and Social Integration Models of Fear of Crime”. Social
Justice Research. 21(2). 204-227.
Funk, J. B., Baldacci, H. B., Pasold, T., Baumgardner, J. (2004). “Violence Exposure in Real-Life, Video Games, Television, Movies, and the Internet: Is There
Desensitization?”. Journal of Adolescence. 27(1). 23-39.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., Signorielli, N. (1979). “The Demonstration of Power: Violence Profile”. Journal of Communication. 26. 172-199.
Gerbner, G. (2014). Medyaya Karşı. (G. Ayas, V. Batmaz, İ. Korkmaz, çev.). İstanbul:Ayrıntı Yayınları.
Güleç, H., Topaloğlu, M., Ünsal, D., Altıntaş, M. (2012). “Bir Kısır Döngü Olarak Şiddet”. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 4(1). 112-137.
Heath, L. ve Petraitis, J. (1987). “Television Viewing and Fear of Crime: Where is the Mean World?”. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 8(2). 97-123.
Holbert, R. L., Shah, D. V., Kwak, N. (2004). “Fear, Authority, Andjustice: Crime-Related TV Viewing and Endorsements of Capital Punishment and Gun Ownership”. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 81(2). 343-363.
Jackson, J. (2006). “Introducing Fear of Crimeto Risk Research”. Risk Analysis.26(1). 253-264.
Jewkes, Y. (2004). Media and Crime. Britanya: Sage Publication.
Jones, W. H., Carpenter, B. N., Quintana, D. (1985). “Personality and Interpersonal Predictors of Loneliness in Two Cultures”. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology. 48(8). 1503-1511.
Liebert, R. M. ve Sprafkin, J. (1988). The Early Window: Effects of Television on Children and Youth. New York: Pergamon.
Marsh, I. ve Melville, G. (2009). Crime, Justice and the Media. ABD: Routledge.
Matei, S. A., Ball-Rokeach, S. J. (2005). “Watts, the 1965 Los Angeles Riots, and the Communicative Construction of the Fear Epicenter of Los Angeles”. Communication Monographs. 72(3). 301–323.
Mutlu, E. (2005). Globalleşme, Popüler Kültür ve Medya. Ankara: Ütopya Yayınevi.
O’keefe, G. J. ve Reid-Nash, K. (1987). “Crime News and Real World Blues”. Communication Research. 14. 147-163.
Paik, H., ve Comstock, G. (1994). “The Effects of Television Violence on Antisocial Behavior: A Meta-Analysis”. Communication Research. 21(4). 516-546.
Pfefferbaum, B., Seale, T. W., McDonald, N. B., Brandt Jr, E. N., Rainwater, S. M.,
Maynard, B. T. (2000). “Posttraumatic Stress Two Years after the Oklahoma City Bombing in Youths Geographically Distant from the Explosion”. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes. 63(4). 358-370.
Schlenger, W. E., Caddell, J. M., Ebert, L., Jordan, B. K., Rourke, K. M., Wilson, D. (2002). “Psychological Reactions to Terrorist Attacks: Findings from the National Study of Americans’ Reactions to September 11”. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association. 288(5). 581-588
Tannenbaum, P. H. ve Zillmann, D. (1975). “Emotional arousal in the facilitation of aggression through communication”. Advances in Experiment Social Psychology. 8. New York: Academic Press.
Tulloch, M. (2000). “The Meaning of Age Differences in the Fear of Crime”. British Journal of Criminology. 40. 451-467.
Turska-Kawa, A. (2011). “The (Dis)alienating Function of the Media. The Role of Mass Media in Building a Civil Society”. Psychology of Language and Communication. 15(2). 1-27.
Villani, S. (2001), “Impact of media on children and adolescents: a 10-year review of the research”. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psyhiatry. 40(4). 392-401.
Warr, M. (2000). “Fear of Crime in the United States: Avenues For Research and Policy”. David Duffee (ed.) Criminal Justice 2000: Measurement and Analysis of Crime and Justice (Vol. 4). (451-489). Washington: U.S. Department of Justice.
Williams, P. ve Dickinson, J. (1993). “Fear of Crime: Read All About It?: The Relationship between Newspaper Crime Reporting and Fear of Crime”. British Journal of Criminology. 33. 33-56.
Winkel, F. W. ve Vrij, A. (1990). “Testing a Theory of Psychological Incapacitation of the ‘Stressor’ Based on Downward Comparison Processes”. International Review of Victimology. 1. 251-265.
Yumrukuz, Ö. (2017). “Şiddete Karşı Duyarsızlaşma ve Sosyal Medya İlişkisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Marmara İletişim Dergisi. 28. 89-106.
Anderson, C. A., Bushman, B. J., Donnerstein, E., Hummer, T. A., Warburton, W. (2015). “SPSSI Research Summary on Media Violence”. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy. 15(1). 4-19.
Berkowitz, L., Anderson, C., Donnerstein, E., Huessman, L., Johnson, J., Linz, D., Wartella, E. (2003). “The influence of media violence on youth”. Psychological Science in the Public Interest. 4(3). 81-110.
Burger, J. M. (2006). Kişilik. (İ. D. Sarıoğlu, çev.) İstanbul: Kaknüs Yayınları
Bushman, B. J. ve Anderson, C. A. (2002). “Violent Video Games and Hostile Expectations: A Test of the General Aggression Model”. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 28. 1679–1686.
Bushman, B. J. ve Huesmann, L. R. (2006). “Short Term and Long Term Effects of Violent Media on Aggression in Children and Adults”. Archives of Pediatrics
& AdolescentMedicine. 160. 348-352.
Chiricos, T., Padgett, K., Gertz, M. (2000). “Fear, Television News, and the Reality of Crime”. Criminology. 38(3). 755-786.
Custers, K. ve van den Bluck, J. (2011). “Mediators of the Association Between Television Viewing and Fear of Crime: Perceived Personal Risk and Perceived
Ability to Cope”. Poetics. 39. 107-124.
Demirbaş, T. (2001). Kriminoloji. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Donnerstein, E., Slaby, G., Eron, L. D. (1994). “The Mass Media and Youth Aggression”. L. D. Eron, J. H. Gentry, P. Schlegel (eds.) Reason to Hope: A Psychosocial Perspective on Violence & Youth. (219-250). Washington: American Psychological Association.
Erdönmez, E. (2009). The Effect of Media on Citizens’ Fear of Crime in Turkey. (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). ABD: University of North Texas.
Fanti, K. A., Vanman, E., Henrich, C. C., Avraamides, M. N. (2009). “Desensitization to Media Violence Over a Short Period of Time”. Aggressive Behavior.
35.179-187.
Ferraro, K. F. (1995). Fear of Crime: Interpreting Victimization Risk. New York: State University of New York.
Franklin, T. W., Franklin, C. A., Fearn, N. E. (2008). “A Multilevel Analysis of the Vulnerability, Disorder, and Social Integration Models of Fear of Crime”. Social
Justice Research. 21(2). 204-227.
Funk, J. B., Baldacci, H. B., Pasold, T., Baumgardner, J. (2004). “Violence Exposure in Real-Life, Video Games, Television, Movies, and the Internet: Is There
Desensitization?”. Journal of Adolescence. 27(1). 23-39.
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., Signorielli, N. (1979). “The Demonstration of Power: Violence Profile”. Journal of Communication. 26. 172-199.
Gerbner, G. (2014). Medyaya Karşı. (G. Ayas, V. Batmaz, İ. Korkmaz, çev.). İstanbul:Ayrıntı Yayınları.
Güleç, H., Topaloğlu, M., Ünsal, D., Altıntaş, M. (2012). “Bir Kısır Döngü Olarak Şiddet”. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar. 4(1). 112-137.
Heath, L. ve Petraitis, J. (1987). “Television Viewing and Fear of Crime: Where is the Mean World?”. Basic and Applied Social Psychology. 8(2). 97-123.
Holbert, R. L., Shah, D. V., Kwak, N. (2004). “Fear, Authority, Andjustice: Crime-Related TV Viewing and Endorsements of Capital Punishment and Gun Ownership”. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly. 81(2). 343-363.
Jackson, J. (2006). “Introducing Fear of Crimeto Risk Research”. Risk Analysis.26(1). 253-264.
Jewkes, Y. (2004). Media and Crime. Britanya: Sage Publication.
Jones, W. H., Carpenter, B. N., Quintana, D. (1985). “Personality and Interpersonal Predictors of Loneliness in Two Cultures”. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology. 48(8). 1503-1511.
Liebert, R. M. ve Sprafkin, J. (1988). The Early Window: Effects of Television on Children and Youth. New York: Pergamon.
Marsh, I. ve Melville, G. (2009). Crime, Justice and the Media. ABD: Routledge.
Matei, S. A., Ball-Rokeach, S. J. (2005). “Watts, the 1965 Los Angeles Riots, and the Communicative Construction of the Fear Epicenter of Los Angeles”. Communication Monographs. 72(3). 301–323.
Mutlu, E. (2005). Globalleşme, Popüler Kültür ve Medya. Ankara: Ütopya Yayınevi.
O’keefe, G. J. ve Reid-Nash, K. (1987). “Crime News and Real World Blues”. Communication Research. 14. 147-163.
Paik, H., ve Comstock, G. (1994). “The Effects of Television Violence on Antisocial Behavior: A Meta-Analysis”. Communication Research. 21(4). 516-546.
Pfefferbaum, B., Seale, T. W., McDonald, N. B., Brandt Jr, E. N., Rainwater, S. M.,
Maynard, B. T. (2000). “Posttraumatic Stress Two Years after the Oklahoma City Bombing in Youths Geographically Distant from the Explosion”. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes. 63(4). 358-370.
Schlenger, W. E., Caddell, J. M., Ebert, L., Jordan, B. K., Rourke, K. M., Wilson, D. (2002). “Psychological Reactions to Terrorist Attacks: Findings from the National Study of Americans’ Reactions to September 11”. JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association. 288(5). 581-588
Tannenbaum, P. H. ve Zillmann, D. (1975). “Emotional arousal in the facilitation of aggression through communication”. Advances in Experiment Social Psychology. 8. New York: Academic Press.
Tulloch, M. (2000). “The Meaning of Age Differences in the Fear of Crime”. British Journal of Criminology. 40. 451-467.
Turska-Kawa, A. (2011). “The (Dis)alienating Function of the Media. The Role of Mass Media in Building a Civil Society”. Psychology of Language and Communication. 15(2). 1-27.
Villani, S. (2001), “Impact of media on children and adolescents: a 10-year review of the research”. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psyhiatry. 40(4). 392-401.
Warr, M. (2000). “Fear of Crime in the United States: Avenues For Research and Policy”. David Duffee (ed.) Criminal Justice 2000: Measurement and Analysis of Crime and Justice (Vol. 4). (451-489). Washington: U.S. Department of Justice.
Williams, P. ve Dickinson, J. (1993). “Fear of Crime: Read All About It?: The Relationship between Newspaper Crime Reporting and Fear of Crime”. British Journal of Criminology. 33. 33-56.
Winkel, F. W. ve Vrij, A. (1990). “Testing a Theory of Psychological Incapacitation of the ‘Stressor’ Based on Downward Comparison Processes”. International Review of Victimology. 1. 251-265.
Yumrukuz, Ö. (2017). “Şiddete Karşı Duyarsızlaşma ve Sosyal Medya İlişkisi Üzerine Bir İnceleme”. Marmara İletişim Dergisi. 28. 89-106.