Dijital Çağda Kültürel Mirasın Korunması: Dijital İkiz ve 3D Baskı Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir Derleme

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 1027 - 1046, 19.12.2025

İsmail Hakkı Tarhan , Yeşim Tarhan

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1604638

Abstract

Dijital İkiz ve 3D Baskı teknolojileri, dijital modelleme, simülasyon ve otomatik fabrikasyonu entegre eden ve çeşitli sektörlerde devrim yaratan gelişmiş yöntemlerdir. Bu teknolojiler hassas, verimli ve sürdürülebilir çözümler sunmakta ve kültürel mirasın korunması uygulamalarını geliştirmek için önemli bir potansiyel barındırmaktadır. Dijital İkiz teknolojisi, gerçek zamanlı izleme, öngörücü bakım ve bilinçli restorasyon planlamasını destekleyen ayrıntılı dijital modellerin oluşturulmasını sağlar. Üç Boyutlu Baskı ise karmaşık mimari unsurların ve eserlerin doğru bir şekilde yeniden üretilmesini sağlayarak dijital dokümantasyon ve fiziksel restorasyon arasındaki boşluğu etkili bir şekilde doldurmaktadır. Bu derleme, yapısal olmayan eserlerin kopyalanması, yapısal rehabilitasyon ve malzeme dayanıklılık değerlendirmeleri de dahil olmak üzere önemli araştırma alanlarını incelemektedir. Toplamda, pratik uygulamaları içeren ve bu derlemenin kapsamıyla ilgili olan 31 çalışma derlendi. Sayısız faydalarına rağmen, yüksek maliyet, uzmanlık gerektiren teknik beceriler ve mirasın korunmasında etik hususlar gibi güçlükler bulunmaktadır. Çalışma aynı zamanda otonom restorasyon için akıllı malzemeler, artırılmış gerçeklik ve robotik entegrasyonu gibi gelecekteki gelişmeleri de öngörmektedir. Bu çalışma, mevcut uygulamaları ve zorlukları değerlendirerek Dijital İkiz ve 3D Baskı teknolojilerinin dijital çağda daha etkili, sürdürülebilir koruma uygulamalarını nasıl teşvik edebileceğine dair içgörüler sunmaktadır.

Keywords

Kültürel miras , dijital ikiz , tarihi yapılar , 3D baskı , restorasyon , sürdürülebilirlik

CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION IN DIGITAL ERA: A REVIEW OF DIGITAL TWIN AND 3D PRINTING APPLICATIONS

Abstract

Digital Twin and 3D Printing technologies are advanced methods that integrate digital modeling, simulation, and automated fabrication and revolutionize various sectors. These technologies offer precise, efficient, and sustainable solutions, holding significant potential for enhancing preservation practices. Digital Twin technology enables the creation of detailed digital models, supporting real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and informed restoration planning. Meanwhile, 3D Printing allows the accurate reproduction of intricate architectural elements and artifacts, effectively bridging the gap between digital documentation and physical restoration. This review explores key research areas, including the replication of non-structural artifacts, structural rehabilitation, and material durability assessments. In total, 31 studies that included practical applications relevant to this study's scope were reviewed. Despite their numerous benefits, challenges such as high costs, specialized technical skills, and ethical considerations in heritage preservation remain. The study also anticipates future advancements, such as integrating smart materials, augmented reality, and robotics for autonomous restoration. This study provides insights into how Digital Twin and 3D Printing technologies can promote more effective, sustainable conservation practices in the digital age by evaluating current applications and challenges.

Keywords

Cultural heritage , digital twin , historical buildings , 3D printing , restoration , sustainability

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