DENGESİZ VERİ SETLERİ İÇİN İKİ AŞAMALI DENGELEME STRATEJİSİ: ADASYN İLE ÖRNEKLEM ARTIRMA, SVM TABANLI ÖRNEKLEM AZALTMA

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 3, 825 - 844, 19.12.2025

Duygu Yılmaz Eroğlu

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1722270

Abstract

Bu çalışma, makine öğrenmesi alanında sıkça karşılaşılan dengesiz veri sorununu ele alarak, azınlık sınıf örneklerinin çoğunluk sınıf tarafından gölgede bırakıldığı durumlara odaklanmaktadır. Böyle bir dengesizlik, sağlık hizmetlerinden finansal sahtekârlık tespitine ve IoT tabanlı endüstriyel süreçlere kadar pek çok alanda model performansını ciddi biçimde zayıflatır. Sorunu gidermek için, azınlık sınıfını sentetik örneklerle zenginleştiren ADASYN yöntemi, SVM tabanlı uzaklık ölçümüyle belirlenen “en uzak” %10’luk çoğunluk örneklerinin çıkarılmasıyla birleştirilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşım, SVM, RF, XGBoost ve KNN sınıflandırıcılarıyla on farklı veri seti üzerinde test edilmiştir. Bunlar arasında hem kalite kontrol verilerini hem de IoT sensör ölçümlerini içeren, gerçek üretim ortamından elde edilmiş 'Tekstil' veri seti de yer almaktadır. Özellikle iplik kopması gibi nadir ancak üretim açısından kritik olayları barındıran bu veri seti, yoğun dengesizlik nedeniyle standart yöntemlerde düşük başarı sergilemektedir. G-Ortalamalar metriğinde önemli iyileşmeler sunan yöntem, azınlık sınıfın daha başarılı tespitine katkıda bulunmuş ve on veri setinden beşinde en yüksek G-Ortalamalar değerini elde etmiştir.

Keywords

Sınıflandırma , Dengesiz Veri , Örneklem Artırma , Örneklem Azaltma , Tekstil

A Two-Stage Balancing Strategy for Imbalanced Datasets: Oversampling with ADASYN and Undersampling Based on SVM

Abstract

This study tackles the frequently encountered problem of imbalanced datasets in machine learning, focusing on cases where minority-class examples are overshadowed by the majority class. Such imbalance significantly undermines model performance in diverse fields, including healthcare, fraud detection, and IoT-based industrial processes. To address this issue, we combine the ADASYN method—enriching the minority class with synthetic samples—with the removal of the “most distant” 10% of majority-class instances identified via an SVM-based distance measure. The proposed approach is tested with SVM, RF, XGBoost, and KNN classifiers on ten different datasets. Among these is the “Textile” dataset, which includes both quality control data and IoT sensor measurements and was collected from a real world production environment. Notably, this dataset includes rare yet critical events such as yarn breakage, which standard methods fail to detect effectively due to pronounced class imbalance. Our approach achieves considerable enhancements in the G-Mean metric, thereby improving the detection of minority cases and securing the highest G-Mean values on five out of ten datasets.

Keywords

Classification , Imbalanced Data , Oversampling , Undersampling , Textile

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