Abstract
beraber araçlarda ağırlık azaltmasından dolayı geleneksel zırh malzemesi olan
çeliğe göre günümüzde daha çok kullanım alanı bulmaktadır. Balistik çeliğe göre
kompozit zırhlar bitişik atışta dahi çekirdeği durdurur. Bu çalışmada, zırhlı
araçlardaki kompozit zırh malzemelerinde; takviye malzemesi olarak kullanılan Çok
Yüksek Moleküler Ağırlıklı Polietilen (UHMWPE), Aramid, Karbon, Hibrit ve Cam Elyafı
türleri ile matris malzemesi olarak herhangi bir reçine kullanmadan PE film
tabakaları ile kat kat yerleştirildikten sonra pres altında basınç ve sıcaklık
etkisiyle birleştirilerek katmanlı bir yapı oluşturulmuştur. Oluşturulan farklı
dizilim ve malzeme özelliklerine sahip katmanlı yapı şeklindeki kompozit plakalara,
balistik uygulamalarda kullanılan NIJ standartlarına uygun olarak, 5 metre
mesafeden 8 gram ağırlığında çekirdeği olan 9x19 Parabellum FMJ fişekler ile
atışlar yapılmıştır. Yapılan atış testleri sonrası, plakaların üretiminde
oluşan hasar ve deformasyonlar proses farklılıkları, plakaların ağırlığı,
plakaların kalınlıkları, kumaşların alansal yoğunlukları, kumaşların dokuma
tipleri, katman sayıları, mermi giriş delikleri ve varsa çıkış delikleri göz
önüne alınarak incelenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, kullanılan
malzemeler için üretim yöntemi olarak en uygun proses, kurşun geçirmeyen
plakalardan ise en ince ve en hafif olanı belirlenmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Braga F.O., Luz F.S., Monteiro S.N. and Lima E.P. (2018) Effect of the impact geometry in the ballistic trauma absorption of a ceramic multilayered armor system. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 7(4), 554-560. doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.06.019
- Işık, H., Değirmenci, E. ve Evci, C. (2013) Örgülü Kumaşların Balistik Darbe Enerji Sönümleme Mekanizmalarının İncelenmesi, Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi,12 (2), 145-162.
- Mukasey M.B., Sedgwick J. L. and Hagy D.W. (2008) Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor NIJ Standard–0101.06, Washington, DC, USA.
- National Research Council (2011) Opportunities in Protection Materials Science and Technology for Future Army Applications, The National Academies Press, Washington DC, USA, 978-0-309-21285-4
- Pirvu, C. and Deleanu, L. (2018) Ballistic Testing of Armor Panels Based on Aramid. IntechOpen Pub.
- Purnomo H., Widananto H., and Sulistio J. (2018) The optimization of soft body armor materials made from carbon-aramid fiber using the Taguchi method. AIP Conference Proceedings 1977, 020003-1. doi:10.1063/1.5042859
- Sabet A.R., Beheshty M.H. and Rahimi H. (2009) Experimental Study of Sharp-Tipped Projectile Perforation of GFRP Plates Containing Sand Filler Under High Velocity Impact and Quasi-Static Loadings, Polymer Composıtes,30 (10),1497-1509. doi: 10.1002/pc.20720.
- Sapozhnikov S.B., Kudryavtsev O.A. and Zhikharev M.V. (2015) Fragment ballistic performance of homogenous and hybrid thermoplastic composites. International Journal of Impact Engineering 81, 8–16. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.03.004.
- Silva L.F, Lavoratti A., Pereira I.M., Dias R. R., Amico S.C and Zattera A. J. (2018). Development of multilaminar composites for vehicular ballistic protection using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene laminates and aramid fabrics, Journal of Composite Materials, 0(0) 1–10. doi: 10.1177/0021998318815959.
- Silva M.V., Stainer D., Al-Qureshi H.A. and Hotza D. (2014) Ceramic armors for ballistic applications: a review, Cerâmica 60, 323-331. doi:10.1590/S0366-69132014000300003.
- Sliwinski M., Kucharczyk W. and Guminski R. (2018) Overview of polymer laminates applicable to elements of light-weight ballistic shields of special purpose transport means. Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces,50(3), 228-243. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0012.6240
- Sockalingam S., Chowdhury S.C., Gillespie J.W and Keefe M. (2017) Recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics – a review. Textile Research Journal, 87(8), 984–1010. doi: 10.1177/0040517516646039
Abstract
Nowadays, composite armor materials become more attractive comparing to traditional armor materials such as armor steels, with the developing technology, due to weight reduction needs. Unlike the ballistic steels, the composite armors stop the bullet even in repeated shots. In this study, selected composite vehicle armor materials; Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE), Aramid, Carbon, Hybrid, and Glass Fiber fabrics used by layering with PE film plies without using any resin as a matrix material. 9x19 Parabellum FMJ cartridges consisting of the soft lead core with 8 grams at a distance of 5 m were shot with fireworks by the NIJ standards used in ballistic applications. After the fire tests, the damage and deformations in the produced composite armor plates were examined by taking into consideration the process parameters, the composite plate physical and geometrical properties such as weight, thickness, densities, fabric weaving types, number of plies, bullet entry and exit holes. The results were evaluated and concluded to the obtain optimal process parameters and the physical properties such as weight saving and armoring performance.
References
- Braga F.O., Luz F.S., Monteiro S.N. and Lima E.P. (2018) Effect of the impact geometry in the ballistic trauma absorption of a ceramic multilayered armor system. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 7(4), 554-560. doi:10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.06.019
- Işık, H., Değirmenci, E. ve Evci, C. (2013) Örgülü Kumaşların Balistik Darbe Enerji Sönümleme Mekanizmalarının İncelenmesi, Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi,12 (2), 145-162.
- Mukasey M.B., Sedgwick J. L. and Hagy D.W. (2008) Ballistic Resistance of Body Armor NIJ Standard–0101.06, Washington, DC, USA.
- National Research Council (2011) Opportunities in Protection Materials Science and Technology for Future Army Applications, The National Academies Press, Washington DC, USA, 978-0-309-21285-4
- Pirvu, C. and Deleanu, L. (2018) Ballistic Testing of Armor Panels Based on Aramid. IntechOpen Pub.
- Purnomo H., Widananto H., and Sulistio J. (2018) The optimization of soft body armor materials made from carbon-aramid fiber using the Taguchi method. AIP Conference Proceedings 1977, 020003-1. doi:10.1063/1.5042859
- Sabet A.R., Beheshty M.H. and Rahimi H. (2009) Experimental Study of Sharp-Tipped Projectile Perforation of GFRP Plates Containing Sand Filler Under High Velocity Impact and Quasi-Static Loadings, Polymer Composıtes,30 (10),1497-1509. doi: 10.1002/pc.20720.
- Sapozhnikov S.B., Kudryavtsev O.A. and Zhikharev M.V. (2015) Fragment ballistic performance of homogenous and hybrid thermoplastic composites. International Journal of Impact Engineering 81, 8–16. doi:10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2015.03.004.
- Silva L.F, Lavoratti A., Pereira I.M., Dias R. R., Amico S.C and Zattera A. J. (2018). Development of multilaminar composites for vehicular ballistic protection using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene laminates and aramid fabrics, Journal of Composite Materials, 0(0) 1–10. doi: 10.1177/0021998318815959.
- Silva M.V., Stainer D., Al-Qureshi H.A. and Hotza D. (2014) Ceramic armors for ballistic applications: a review, Cerâmica 60, 323-331. doi:10.1590/S0366-69132014000300003.
- Sliwinski M., Kucharczyk W. and Guminski R. (2018) Overview of polymer laminates applicable to elements of light-weight ballistic shields of special purpose transport means. Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces,50(3), 228-243. doi:10.5604/01.3001.0012.6240
- Sockalingam S., Chowdhury S.C., Gillespie J.W and Keefe M. (2017) Recent advances in modeling and experiments of Kevlar ballistic fibrils, fibers, yarns and flexible woven textile fabrics – a review. Textile Research Journal, 87(8), 984–1010. doi: 10.1177/0040517516646039
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Engineering |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2019 |
| Submission Date | December 9, 2018 |
| Acceptance Date | January 15, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 24 Issue: 1 |
Cite
Cited By
Mechanical Analysis of a Layered Hybrid Composite Plate Created for Helmet Structures
Bayburt Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.55117/bufbd.1084327
A numerical model for analysis of layer thicknesses on ballistic resistance of a multilayer armor
Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites
https://doi.org/10.1177/07316844221104144
Secondary Processing of Aramid with AWJ and Optimization with NSGA-III
Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering
https://doi.org/10.1177/09544089221085325
Abrasive water jet machining of UHMWPE and trade-off optimization
Materials and Manufacturing Processes
Emre Doğankaya
https://doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2020.1772486
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