Usage of Biological Therapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Chronic Renal Failure: A Retrospective Study from a Single Center

Abstract

Due to toxicity, most disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should not be administered in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Biological DMARDs are an effective RA treatment, but, their effects and safety on renal function are uncertain. Biologic therapies for RA and renal insufficiency are understudied. The study included 27 individuals with an estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for more than three months who were determined to have CRF among 700 patients with RA who used biological therapies and had regular visits between 2011 and 2018. The mean age of our patients was 63.58, and 70.37% of the patients were women. The mean duration of renal failure was 5.73±2.08 years. Renal failure was diagnosed following RA in 77.7% of the patients, with a mean time between diagnosis and renal failure of 11.52±7.35 years. The first three causes of renal failure were drug toxicity (25.9%), hypertension (HT) (25.9%), and diabetes mellitus (DM) (18.5%). Tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) were the first and most commonly used biologic agents (66.6%). The most commonly used agent among TNFi was etanercept (44.4%). C-reactive protein (CRP) and disease activity score (DAS-28) values reduced during a median 36-month biological agent follow-up period. When creatinine and eGFR values were examined at the first and last visit, creatinine decreased and eGFR increased. In this study, in which CRF progression improved, we intended to establish the efficacy, safety, and effect of biologic therapies on renal failure progression.

Keywords

• Biological therapy
• efficacy
• safety
• renal failure
• rheumatoid arthritis

Kronik Böbrek Hastalığı Olan Romatoid Artrit Hastalarında Biyolojik Tedavi Kullanımı: Tek Merkezli Retrospektif Çalışma

Abstract

Kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH) olan romatoid artrit (RA) hastalarında, potansiyel toksisiteleri nedeniyle hastalığı modifiye edici antiromatizmal ilaçların (DMARD) çoğunu ve steroid olmayan antiinflamatuar ilaçları (NSAİİ) kullanmak uygun değildir. Biyolojik DMARD'lar RA hastaları için oldukça etkili bir tedavi seçeneği olsa da böbrek fonksiyonları üzerindeki etkisi ve güvenilirliği tam olarak belirlenememiştir. KBH’si olan RA’lı hastalarda biyolojik tedavilerin kullanımına ilişkin veriler kısıtlıdır. 2011-2018 yılları arasında RA tanısı ile takip ettiğimiz, biyolojik ajan kullanan ve düzenli vizitleri bulunan 700 hasta arasından tahmini glomerüler filtrasyon hızı (eGFR) üç aydan uzun süredir <60 ml /dk / 1.73 m2 olan ve KBH kabul edilen 27 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Hastalarımızın yaş ortalaması 63,58 idi ve hastaların %70,37'si kadındı. Ortalama renal yetmezlik süresi 5,73±2,08 yıldı. Hastaların %77,7’sinde renal yetmezlik RA tanısından sonra konmuştu ve tanı ile renal yetmezlik arasında ortalama 11,52±7,35 yıl vardı. Renal yetmezlik nedenleri arasında ilk üç sırada ilaç toksisitesi (%25,9), hipertansiyon (HT) (%25,9) ve diabetes mellitus (DM) (%18,5) bulunmaktaydı. İlk ve en sık kullanılan biyolojik ajanlar tümör nekroz faktör inhibitörleriydi (TNFi) (%66,6). TNFi arasında en fazla kullanılan ajan ise etanersept’ti (%44,4). Ortanca 36 aylık biyolojik ajan takip sürecinde C-reaktif protein (CRP) ve hastalık aktivite skoru (DAS-28) değerlerinde beklendiği üzere anlamlı düşüş gözlendi. Başlangıç ve son vizit kreatinin ve eGFR değerlendirildiğinde ise istatistik anlamlılığa ulaşmasa da kreatininde düşüş ve eGFR’de artış saptandı. KBH progresyonuna olumlu etki gördüğümüz bu çalışmada biyolojik tedavilerin KBH’li RA hastalarında kullanımının değerlendirilmesi ve renal yetmezliğin ilerlemesi üzerine olan etkisini belirlemeyi amaçladık.

Keywords

• Biyolojik tedavi
• etkinlik
• güvenlik
• renal yetmezlik
• romatoid artrit

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