Laboratory Parameters of Hospitalized COVID 19 (+) Patients and Factors Affecting Prognosis: Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

In our study, it was aimed to evaluate the effect of PCR (+) COVID-19 patients' laboratory findings and sociodemographic data evaluated at hospitalization on mortality. The data of 1250 PCR (+) COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 1, 2020 and January 1, 2022 were evaluated retrospectively. Parametric data were analyzed with Student's t-test and nonparametric data were analyzed with Mann-Whitney U test. Chi-square test was used in the comparison of categorical variables, and correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between the parameters. A total of 1250 patients, 631 women (50.5%) and 619 men (49.5%) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 63.7. 1250 of patient 79.5% recovered and were discharged. The mean oxygen saturation (PO2) measured from the fingertips by pulse oximetry at the time of hospitalization was 93.5, and it was determined that low PO2, age, number of additional diseases, being unvaccinated, and having symptoms of shortness of breath increased mortality (p<0.001). From laboratory parameters; Leukocyte (WBC), Neutrophil, Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio, CRP (C reaktif protein), Glucose, Urea, Creatinin, AST (Aspartat Aminotransferaz), Ferritin, Fibrinogen, INR (International Normalized Ratio), D-Dimer and Protrombin Time values were positively negatively correlated and significant with mortality, Hb (Hemoglobin), Hct (Hematocrit) %, Plt (Platelet) 103/μL, Lymphocyte, Monocyte, Basophil, Eosinophil %, Ca (Calcium) mg/dL ıt was found to be positively correlated and significant with eosinophil, ALT (Aspartate amino transferase) and Ca (p<0.001). It was determined that neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, PO2 value, being over 65 years of age, having comorbid diseases and being unvaccinated were significant predictive factors for prognosis among the laboratory parameters of PCR (+) COVID-19 patients at the time of first admission.

Keywords

• COVID 19
• Mortalite
• Biyomarker

Hastaneye Yatırılan COVID 19 (+) Hastaların Laboratuvar Parametreleri ve Prognoza Etki Eden Faktörler: Kesitsel Çalışma

Abstract

Çalışmamızda; PCR (+) COVID-19 hastaların yatışta değerlendirilen laboratuvar bulgularının ve sosyo-demografik verilerinin mortaliteye etkisinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı. 1 Ocak 2020- 1 Ocak 2022 tarihleri arasında hastanede yatan PCR (+) COVID-19 1250 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Parametrik veriler Student’s t-test ile nonparametrik veriler ise Mann-Whitney U testi ile analiz edildi. Kategorik değişkenlerin karşılaştırmasında ise Ki-kare testi kullanıldı ve parametrelerin birbirleri ile olan ilişkisinin saptanmasında korelasyon analizinden faydalanıldı. Çalışmaya 631’i kadın (%50,5) 619’u erkek (%49,5) toplam 1250 hasta dâhil edildi. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 63,7 idi. 1250 hastanın %79,5’i iyileşerek taburcu oldu. Hastaların yatış anında pulse oksimetre ile parmak ucundan ölçülen oksijen satürasyonu (PO2 ) ortalaması 93,5 şeklindeydi ve PO2’nin düşük olması, yaş, ek hastalık sayısı, aşısız olmak, nefes darlığı semptomunun olması mortaliteyi arttırdığı tespit edildi (p<0,001). Laboratuvar parametrelerinden; WBC (Beyaz küre) 103/μL, Nötrofil 103/μL, Nötrofil/Lenfosit Oranı, CRP (C reaktif protein), Glukoz mg/dL, Üre mg/dL, Kreatinin mg/dL, AST (Aspartat Aminotransferaz) IU/L, Ferritin ml/ng, Fibrinojen mg/dl, INR (International Normalized Ratio), D-Dimer mg/L ve Protrombin zamanı değerlerinin mortalite ile negatif yönde korele ve anlamlı olduğu, Hb (Hemoglobin) g/dL, Hct (Hematokrit) %, Plt (Platelet) 103/μL, Lenfosit % ve Lenfosit 103/μL, Monosit %, Bazofil %, Eozinofil %, Ca (Kalsiyum) mg/dL ile pozitif yönde korele ve anlamlı olduğu tespit edildi (p<0,001). PCR (+) COVID-19 hastaların ilk başvuru anında ki laboratuvar parametrelerinden nötrofil/lenfosit oranı, PO2 değeri, 65 yaş üstü olma ve komorbit hastalıklara sahip olma ve aşısız olmanın prognoz açısından anlamlı prediktif faktörler olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• COVID 19
• Mortalite
• Biyomarker

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