The Relationship Between Dermatologic Diseases and Dementia; A Review

Abstract

In some inflammatory skin diseases such as bullous pemphigoid, psoriasis and atopic dermatitis, inflammation is not limited to the skin but spreads systemically. Systemic inflammatory processes can activate proinflammatory cytokines, stimulate neurons and microglia in the brain, and trigger neuroinflammation. Ultimately, some skin diseases may affect the course of dementia and worsen the prognosis. Dementia, which progresses with a decrease in cognitive functions, can also trigger some skin diseases, accelerate their formation, and increase their severity. For example; bullous pemphigoid and dementia are two complex disease groups with multifaceted interactions. The strongest association among bullous pemphigoid comorbidities is with neurological diseases. The effect on cognitive impairment in patients with atopic dermatitis begins in infancy. The risk of cognitive impairment increases in the first year, especially in herpes zoster patients with trigeminal nerve involvement. In delusional parasitosis, which is a delusional disorder, patients first apply to dermatologists, and delusional parasitosis accompanies Lewy body dementia, one of the dementia types. This review aims to summarize dermatological diseases associated with dementia, such as bullous pemphigoid, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, herpes zoster, crusted scabies, and delusional parasitosis, and to provide suggestions based on these relationships that may provide dermatologists, neurologists, and psychiatrists with a new perspective on the management of dermatological findings in patients with dementia.

Keywords

• atopic dermatitis
• bullous pemphigoid
• dementia
• herpes zoster
• psoriasis
• scabies

Dermatolojik Hastaliklar ve Demans İlişkisi; Bir Gözden Geçirme

Abstract

Büllöz pemfigoid, psoriasis, atopik dermatit gibi bazı inflamatuar deri hastalıklarında inflamasyon sadece deriye sınırlı kalmayıp sistemik yayılım gösterir. Sistemik inflamatuar süreç proinflamatuar sitokinleri aktive ederek, beyindeki nöronları ve mikrogliaları uyarabilir, nöroinflamasyonu tetikleyebilir. Sonuçta bazı deri hastalıkları demansın seyrini etkileyebilir, prognozu kötüleştirebilir. Bilişsel fonksiyonlarda azalma ile giden demans hastalığıda birtakım deri hastalıklarını tetikleyebilir, oluşumunu hızlandırabilir, şiddetini artırabilir. Örneğin; büllöz pemfigoid ve demans çok yönlü etkileşimi olan karmaşık iki hastalık grubudur. Büllöz pemfigoid komorbiditeleri arasında en güçlü ilişki nörolojik hastalıklarladır. Atopik dermatitli hastalarda bilişsel bozukluk üzerindeki etki bebeklik döneminden itibaren başlamaktadır. Özellikle trigeminal sinir tutulumu olan herpes zoster hastalarında ilk 1 yıl için bilişsel bozukluk riski artmaktadır. Sanrısal bir bozukluk olan delüzyonel parazitoz hastalığında ise hastalar ilk dermatologlara başvurmaktadır ve delüzyonel parazitoz demans tiplerinden Lewy cisimcikli demanslara eşlik etmektedir. Bu derleme demans ile ilişkili dermatolojik hastalıklardan büllöz pemfigoid, psoriasis, atopik dermatit, herpes zoster, krutlu uyuz, delüzyonel parazitoz hastalıklarını özetlemeyi ve bu ilişkilere dayanarak demans hastalarındaki dermatolojik bulguların yönetiminde dermatologlara, nörologlara ve psikiyatristlere yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırabilecek öneriler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

• atopik dermatit
• büllöz pemfigoid
• demans
• herpes zoster
• psoriasis
• scabies

Ethical Statement

ETİK KURUL ONAYI GEREKMEMEKTEDİR.

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