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Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 50 Issue: 2, 305 - 311, 08.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1443391

Abstract

"En sağlıklı yiyecekler" veya "süper gıdalar" listelerindeki sebzeler arasında yer alan Brassica Oleracea var. acephala (Karalahana) bitkisi, özellikle Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde sıklıkla tüketilmektedir. Bu çalışmada Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde gastroskopi ile değerlendirilmiş olan hastalarda karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketiminin mide histopatolojisi ve kan laboratuvar parametreleri üzerine olan etkisinin saptanması amaçlandı. Bu kesitsel araştırma 1 Mart 2022 – 30 Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında Giresun Üniversitesi Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Gastroenteroloji Polikliniği’ne başvuran gastroskopi yapılmış ve mide biyopsisi alınmış olguların sonuçlarının retrospektif olarak değerlendirilmesi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastalar telefonla aranarak aylık karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketim sıklıkları sorulmuştur. Olguların % 60,1’i kadındı ve ortalama yaş 55,44 ± 14,34’tü. Hastaların bir ayda, karalahana tükettiği gün sayısı medyan 4 [0 - 30] gün, kırmızı et tükettiği gün sayısı ise medyan 2 [0 - 20] gündü. Erkek hastaların gastrik biyopsilerinde Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) pozitifliği kadınlara göre anlamlı derecede fazlaydı (sırasıyla % 50,8 ve % 32,7; p = 0,021). Karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketimi ile hastaların gastrik biyopsilerinde H. pylori, intestinal metaplazi ve atrofi varlığı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Hastaların yaşı arttıkça kırmızı et tüketimlerinin anlamlı derecede azaldığı belirlendi (p=0,014). Hastaların aylık kırmızı et tüketimi arttıkça serum kalsiyum düzeyinin de anlamlı derecede arttığı belirlendi (p=0,025). Sonuç olarak karalahana ve kırmızı et tüketim sıklığı ile mide biyopsisinde H. pylori pozitifliği, atrofi ve intestinal metaplazi saptanma sıklığı arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmazken, bu konuda yapılacak daha kapsamlı ve prospektif çalışmalarla daha net sonuçlar ortaya konulabilir.

References

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  • 2. Leonti M, Casu L. Traditional medicines and globalization: current and future perspectives in ethnopharmacology. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2013;4(NA):92-.
  • 3. Lemos M, Santin JR, Júnior LCK, Niero R, de Andrade SF. Gastroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the leaves of Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC in different animal models. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2011;138(2):503-7.
  • 4. Gonçalves ÁLM, Lemos M, Niero R, de Andrade SF, Maistro EL. Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C. in different cells of mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2012;143(2):740-5.
  • 5. Kuerban A, Yaghmoor S, Almulaiky YQ, Mohamed Y, Razvi SS, Hasan MN, et al. Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals of Brassicaceae for Management of Obesity. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2017;19(4):1-11.
  • 6. Šamec D, Urlić B, Salopek-Sondi B. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) as a superfood: Review of the scientific evidence behind the statement. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2019;59(15):2411-22.
  • 7. Murillo G, Mehta RG. Cruciferous Vegetables and Cancer Prevention. Nutrition and cancer. 2001;41(1):17-28.
  • 8. Podsędek A. Natural antioxidants and antioxidant capacity of Brassica vegetables : A review. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 2007;40(1):1-11.
  • 9. Cartea ME, Velasco P. Glucosinolates in Brassica foods: bioavailability in food and significance for human health. Phytochemistry Reviews. 2007;7(2):213-29.
  • 10. Jahangir M, Kim HK, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Health-Affecting Compounds in Brassicaceae. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2009;8(2):31-43.
  • 11. Tse G, Eslick GD. Cruciferous Vegetables and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrition and cancer. 2013;66(1):128-39.
  • 12. Fahey JW, Stephenson KK, Wade KL, Talalay P. Urease from Helicobacter pylori is inactivated by sulforaphane and other isothiocyanates. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2013;435(1):1-7.
  • 13. Ayaz FA, Hayirlioglu-Ayaz S, Alpay-Karaoglu S, Grúz J, Valentová K, Ulrichová J, et al. Phenolic acid contents of kale (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala DC.) extracts and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Food Chemistry. 2008;107(1):19-25.
  • 14. Monno R, De Laurentiis V, Trerotoli P, Roselli AM, Ierardi E, Portincasa P. Helicobacter pylori infection: association with dietary habits and socioeconomic conditions. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2019;43(5):603-7.
  • 15.Mhaskar RS, Ricardo I, Azliyati A, Laxminarayan R, Amol B,Santosh W, et al. Assessment of risk factors of helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease. J Glob Infect Dis. 2013;5(2):60-7.
  • 16.Eslami O, Shahraki M, Shahraki T, Ansari H. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with metabolic parameters and dietary habits among medical undergraduate students insoutheastern of Iran. J Res Med Sci. 2017;22:12.
  • 17.Ferro A, Morais S, Pelucchi C, Dierssen-Sotos T, Martín V, López-Carrillo L, et al. Sex differences in the prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori infection: an individual participant data pooled analysis (StoP Project). Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2019;31(5):593-8.
  • 18.Ibrahim A, Morais S, Ferro A, Lunet N, Peleteiro B. Sex-differences in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric and adult populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 244 studies. Dig Liver Dis. 2017;49(7):742-9.
  • 19.de Martel C, Parsonnet J. Helicobacter pylori infection and gender: a meta-analysis of population-based prevalence surveys. Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51(12):2292-301.
  • 20.Kodama M, Okimoto T, Mizukami K, Hirashita Y, Wada Y, Fukuda M, et al. Gastric mucosal changes, and sex differencestherein, after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A long-termprospective follow-up study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2021;36(8):2210-6.
  • 21.Oh S, Kim N, Yoon H, Choi YJ, Lee JY, Park KJ, et al. Riskfactors of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients compared with age-sex matched controls. J Cancer Prev. 2013;18(2):149-60.
  • 22.Joo YE, Park HK, Myung DS, Baik GH, Shin JE, Seo GS, et al.Prevalence and risk factors of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a nationwide multicenter prospective study in Korea. Gut Liver. 2013;7(3):303-10.
  • 23.Jiang JX, Liu Q, Zhao B, Zhang HH, Sang HM, Djaleel SM, etal. Risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in a southeastern Chinese population: an analysis of 28,745 cases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017;143(3):409-18.
  • 24.Kapusta-Duch J, Kopeć A, Piatkowska E, Borczak B, Leszczyńska T. The beneficial effects of Brassica vegetables onhuman health. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(4):389-95.
  • 25.Galan MV, Kishan AA, Silverman AL. Oral broccoli sproutsfor the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a preliminary report. Dig Dis Sci. 2004;49(7-8):1088-90.
  • 26.Chang YW, Jang JY, Kim YH, Kim JW, Shim JJ. The Effectsof Broccoli Sprout Extract Containing Sulforaphane on Lipid Peroxidation and Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Gastric Mucosa. Gut Liver. 2015;9(4):486-93.
  • 27.Alfawaz HA, Wani K, Alrakayan H, Alnaami AM, Al-Daghri NM. Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude towards 'Superfood'Kale and Its Health Benefits among Arab Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(2).
  • 28.Pina-Pérez MC, González A, Moreno Y, Ferrús MA. Helicobacter pylori growth pattern in reference media and extracts from selected minimally processed vegetables. Food Control. 2018;86:389-96.
  • 29.Walker AW, Ince J, Duncan SH, Webster LM, Holtrop G, Ze X, et al. Dominant and diet-responsive groups of bacteria within the human colonic microbiota. The ISME Journal. 2011;5(2):220-30.
  • 30.Habbash F, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Ahmed N, Sharif O, AlSayyad A, et al. Association between Dietary Habits and Helicobacter pylori Infection among Bahraini Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(19).
  • 31.Tan MC, Mallepally N, Ho Q, Liu Y, El-Serag HB, Thrift AP.Dietary Factors and Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Risk AmongUS Veterans. Dig Dis Sci. 2021;66(5):1600-10.
  • 32.Chen H, Tucker KL, Graubard BI, Heineman EF, Markin RS, Potischman NA, et al. Nutrient intakes and adenocarcinoma ofthe esophagus and distal stomach. Nutr Cancer. 2002;42(1):33-40.
  • 33.Stemmermann GN, Nomura AM, Chyou PH, Hankin J. Impactof diet and smoking on risk of developing intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Dig Dis Sci. 1990;35(4):433-8.
  • 34.Dias-Neto M, Pintalhao M, Ferreira M, Lunet N. Salt intake and risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Cancer. 2010;62(2):133-47.
  • 35.Izzotti A, Durando P, Ansaldi F, Gianiorio F, Pulliero A.Interaction between Helicobacter pylori, diet, and genetic polymorphisms as related to non-cancer diseases. Mutat Res. 2009;667(1-2):142-57.
  • 36.Cao JJ, Nielsen FH. Acid diet (high-meat protein) effects on calcium metabolism and bone health. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13(6):698-702.
  • 37.Remer T, Krupp D, Shi L. Dietary protein's and dietary acidload's influence on bone health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(9):1140-50.
  • 38.Kim J, Kim B, Lee H, Choi H, Won C. The Relationshipbetween Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Proportion of Daily Protein Intake. Korean J Fam Med. 2013;34(1):43-8.
  • 39.de Jonge EAL, Koromani F, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG,Franco OH, Rivadeneira F, et al. Dietary acid load, trabecular bone integrity, and mineral density in an ageing population: the Rotterdam study. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(8):2357-65.
  • 40.Daniel CR, Cross AJ, Koebnick C, Sinha R. Trends in meat consumption in the USA. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(4):575-83.
  • 41.Sui Z, Raubenheimer D, Rangan A. Consumption patterns of meat, poultry, and fish after disaggregation of mixed dishes: secondary analysis of the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–12. BMC Nutrition. 2017;3(1):52.
  • 42.Shu L, Zheng PF, Zhang XY, Feng YL. Dietary patterns andHelicobacter pylori infection in a group of Chinese adults agesbetween 45 and 59 years old: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(2):e14113.
  • 43.Saini RK, Keum YS. Significance of Genetic, Environmental, and Pre- and Postharvest Factors Affecting Carotenoid Contents in Crops: A Review. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;66(21):5310-24.

The Effects of Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Kale) Plant Consumption, which is Commonly Consumed in The Eastern Black Sea Region and Red Meat Consumption, On Stomach and Blood Parameters

Year 2024, Volume: 50 Issue: 2, 305 - 311, 08.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1443391

Abstract

Among the vegetables on the "healthiest diet" or "superfoods" lists is Brassica Oleracea. acephala (Kale) plant is frequently consumed, especially in the Black Sea Region. This study aimed to determine the effect of kale consumption on gastric histopathology and blood laboratory parameters in patients who underwent gastroscopy in the Eastern Black Sea Region. This cross-sectional study retrospectively evaluated the results of patients who presented to the Gastroenterology Polyclinic at Giresun University Research and Training Hospital between March 1, 2022, and April 30, 2022, and underwent gastroscopy with gastric biopsy. Patients were called by phone and asked about their monthly kale and red meat consumption. Of the cases, 60,1 % were female, and the mean age was 55,44 ± 14,34 years. The median number of days patients consumed kale per month was 4 [0-30], and the median number of days that patients consumed meat per month was 2 [0-20]. H. pylori positivity in gastric biopsies of male patients was significantly higher than in female patients (50,8 % vs. 32,7 %, respectively; p=0,021). No significant relationship was found between the frequency of kale and meat consumption and the presence of H. pylori, intestinal metaplasia, and atrophy in the gastric biopsies of the patients. It was determined that as the age of the patients increased, their meat consumption decreased significantly (p=0.014). Furthermore, it was determined that as the monthly meat consumption of the patients increased, the serum calcium level also increased significantly (p=0.025). In conclusion, this study found no significant association between the frequency of kale and meat consumption and the frequency of H. pylori positivity, atrophy, and intestinal metaplasia in gastric biopsy. Further comprehensive and prospective studies are required to obtain more precise results.

References

  • 1. Siró I, Kápolna E, Kápolna B, Lugasi A. Functional food. Product development, marketing and consumer acceptance--a review. Appetite. 2008;51(3):456-67.
  • 2. Leonti M, Casu L. Traditional medicines and globalization: current and future perspectives in ethnopharmacology. Frontiers in pharmacology. 2013;4(NA):92-.
  • 3. Lemos M, Santin JR, Júnior LCK, Niero R, de Andrade SF. Gastroprotective activity of hydroalcoholic extract obtained from the leaves of Brassica oleracea var. acephala DC in different animal models. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2011;138(2):503-7.
  • 4. Gonçalves ÁLM, Lemos M, Niero R, de Andrade SF, Maistro EL. Evaluation of the genotoxic and antigenotoxic potential of Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C. in different cells of mice. Journal of ethnopharmacology. 2012;143(2):740-5.
  • 5. Kuerban A, Yaghmoor S, Almulaiky YQ, Mohamed Y, Razvi SS, Hasan MN, et al. Therapeutic Effects of Phytochemicals of Brassicaceae for Management of Obesity. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International. 2017;19(4):1-11.
  • 6. Šamec D, Urlić B, Salopek-Sondi B. Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) as a superfood: Review of the scientific evidence behind the statement. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2019;59(15):2411-22.
  • 7. Murillo G, Mehta RG. Cruciferous Vegetables and Cancer Prevention. Nutrition and cancer. 2001;41(1):17-28.
  • 8. Podsędek A. Natural antioxidants and antioxidant capacity of Brassica vegetables : A review. LWT - Food Science and Technology. 2007;40(1):1-11.
  • 9. Cartea ME, Velasco P. Glucosinolates in Brassica foods: bioavailability in food and significance for human health. Phytochemistry Reviews. 2007;7(2):213-29.
  • 10. Jahangir M, Kim HK, Choi YH, Verpoorte R. Health-Affecting Compounds in Brassicaceae. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 2009;8(2):31-43.
  • 11. Tse G, Eslick GD. Cruciferous Vegetables and Risk of Colorectal Neoplasms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrition and cancer. 2013;66(1):128-39.
  • 12. Fahey JW, Stephenson KK, Wade KL, Talalay P. Urease from Helicobacter pylori is inactivated by sulforaphane and other isothiocyanates. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2013;435(1):1-7.
  • 13. Ayaz FA, Hayirlioglu-Ayaz S, Alpay-Karaoglu S, Grúz J, Valentová K, Ulrichová J, et al. Phenolic acid contents of kale (Brassica oleraceae L. var. acephala DC.) extracts and their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Food Chemistry. 2008;107(1):19-25.
  • 14. Monno R, De Laurentiis V, Trerotoli P, Roselli AM, Ierardi E, Portincasa P. Helicobacter pylori infection: association with dietary habits and socioeconomic conditions. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2019;43(5):603-7.
  • 15.Mhaskar RS, Ricardo I, Azliyati A, Laxminarayan R, Amol B,Santosh W, et al. Assessment of risk factors of helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease. J Glob Infect Dis. 2013;5(2):60-7.
  • 16.Eslami O, Shahraki M, Shahraki T, Ansari H. Association of Helicobacter pylori infection with metabolic parameters and dietary habits among medical undergraduate students insoutheastern of Iran. J Res Med Sci. 2017;22:12.
  • 17.Ferro A, Morais S, Pelucchi C, Dierssen-Sotos T, Martín V, López-Carrillo L, et al. Sex differences in the prevalence ofHelicobacter pylori infection: an individual participant data pooled analysis (StoP Project). Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2019;31(5):593-8.
  • 18.Ibrahim A, Morais S, Ferro A, Lunet N, Peleteiro B. Sex-differences in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric and adult populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 244 studies. Dig Liver Dis. 2017;49(7):742-9.
  • 19.de Martel C, Parsonnet J. Helicobacter pylori infection and gender: a meta-analysis of population-based prevalence surveys. Dig Dis Sci. 2006;51(12):2292-301.
  • 20.Kodama M, Okimoto T, Mizukami K, Hirashita Y, Wada Y, Fukuda M, et al. Gastric mucosal changes, and sex differencestherein, after Helicobacter pylori eradication: A long-termprospective follow-up study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol.2021;36(8):2210-6.
  • 21.Oh S, Kim N, Yoon H, Choi YJ, Lee JY, Park KJ, et al. Riskfactors of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients compared with age-sex matched controls. J Cancer Prev. 2013;18(2):149-60.
  • 22.Joo YE, Park HK, Myung DS, Baik GH, Shin JE, Seo GS, et al.Prevalence and risk factors of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia: a nationwide multicenter prospective study in Korea. Gut Liver. 2013;7(3):303-10.
  • 23.Jiang JX, Liu Q, Zhao B, Zhang HH, Sang HM, Djaleel SM, etal. Risk factors for intestinal metaplasia in a southeastern Chinese population: an analysis of 28,745 cases. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2017;143(3):409-18.
  • 24.Kapusta-Duch J, Kopeć A, Piatkowska E, Borczak B, Leszczyńska T. The beneficial effects of Brassica vegetables onhuman health. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2012;63(4):389-95.
  • 25.Galan MV, Kishan AA, Silverman AL. Oral broccoli sproutsfor the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection: a preliminary report. Dig Dis Sci. 2004;49(7-8):1088-90.
  • 26.Chang YW, Jang JY, Kim YH, Kim JW, Shim JJ. The Effectsof Broccoli Sprout Extract Containing Sulforaphane on Lipid Peroxidation and Helicobacter pylori Infection in the Gastric Mucosa. Gut Liver. 2015;9(4):486-93.
  • 27.Alfawaz HA, Wani K, Alrakayan H, Alnaami AM, Al-Daghri NM. Awareness, Knowledge and Attitude towards 'Superfood'Kale and Its Health Benefits among Arab Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(2).
  • 28.Pina-Pérez MC, González A, Moreno Y, Ferrús MA. Helicobacter pylori growth pattern in reference media and extracts from selected minimally processed vegetables. Food Control. 2018;86:389-96.
  • 29.Walker AW, Ince J, Duncan SH, Webster LM, Holtrop G, Ze X, et al. Dominant and diet-responsive groups of bacteria within the human colonic microbiota. The ISME Journal. 2011;5(2):220-30.
  • 30.Habbash F, Alalwan TA, Perna S, Ahmed N, Sharif O, AlSayyad A, et al. Association between Dietary Habits and Helicobacter pylori Infection among Bahraini Adults. Nutrients. 2022;14(19).
  • 31.Tan MC, Mallepally N, Ho Q, Liu Y, El-Serag HB, Thrift AP.Dietary Factors and Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Risk AmongUS Veterans. Dig Dis Sci. 2021;66(5):1600-10.
  • 32.Chen H, Tucker KL, Graubard BI, Heineman EF, Markin RS, Potischman NA, et al. Nutrient intakes and adenocarcinoma ofthe esophagus and distal stomach. Nutr Cancer. 2002;42(1):33-40.
  • 33.Stemmermann GN, Nomura AM, Chyou PH, Hankin J. Impactof diet and smoking on risk of developing intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. Dig Dis Sci. 1990;35(4):433-8.
  • 34.Dias-Neto M, Pintalhao M, Ferreira M, Lunet N. Salt intake and risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia: systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutr Cancer. 2010;62(2):133-47.
  • 35.Izzotti A, Durando P, Ansaldi F, Gianiorio F, Pulliero A.Interaction between Helicobacter pylori, diet, and genetic polymorphisms as related to non-cancer diseases. Mutat Res. 2009;667(1-2):142-57.
  • 36.Cao JJ, Nielsen FH. Acid diet (high-meat protein) effects on calcium metabolism and bone health. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010;13(6):698-702.
  • 37.Remer T, Krupp D, Shi L. Dietary protein's and dietary acidload's influence on bone health. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2014;54(9):1140-50.
  • 38.Kim J, Kim B, Lee H, Choi H, Won C. The Relationshipbetween Prevalence of Osteoporosis and Proportion of Daily Protein Intake. Korean J Fam Med. 2013;34(1):43-8.
  • 39.de Jonge EAL, Koromani F, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG,Franco OH, Rivadeneira F, et al. Dietary acid load, trabecular bone integrity, and mineral density in an ageing population: the Rotterdam study. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(8):2357-65.
  • 40.Daniel CR, Cross AJ, Koebnick C, Sinha R. Trends in meat consumption in the USA. Public Health Nutr. 2011;14(4):575-83.
  • 41.Sui Z, Raubenheimer D, Rangan A. Consumption patterns of meat, poultry, and fish after disaggregation of mixed dishes: secondary analysis of the Australian National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey 2011–12. BMC Nutrition. 2017;3(1):52.
  • 42.Shu L, Zheng PF, Zhang XY, Feng YL. Dietary patterns andHelicobacter pylori infection in a group of Chinese adults agesbetween 45 and 59 years old: An observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(2):e14113.
  • 43.Saini RK, Keum YS. Significance of Genetic, Environmental, and Pre- and Postharvest Factors Affecting Carotenoid Contents in Crops: A Review. J Agric Food Chem. 2018;66(21):5310-24.
There are 43 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Gastroenterology and Hepatology, ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hüseyin Emre Aydın 0000-0001-7336-7696

Muhammed Aydın 0000-0001-8581-3868

Özge Aydın 0000-0002-6974-2462

Ahmet Dülger 0000-0002-9328-5185

Publication Date October 8, 2024
Submission Date February 26, 2024
Acceptance Date October 1, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 50 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aydın, H. E., Aydın, M., Aydın, Ö., Dülger, A. (2024). Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, 50(2), 305-311. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1443391
AMA Aydın HE, Aydın M, Aydın Ö, Dülger A. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. October 2024;50(2):305-311. doi:10.32708/uutfd.1443391
Chicago Aydın, Hüseyin Emre, Muhammed Aydın, Özge Aydın, and Ahmet Dülger. “Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi Ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide Ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 50, no. 2 (October 2024): 305-11. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1443391.
EndNote Aydın HE, Aydın M, Aydın Ö, Dülger A (October 1, 2024) Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 50 2 305–311.
IEEE H. E. Aydın, M. Aydın, Ö. Aydın, and A. Dülger, “Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri”, Uludağ Tıp Derg, vol. 50, no. 2, pp. 305–311, 2024, doi: 10.32708/uutfd.1443391.
ISNAD Aydın, Hüseyin Emre et al. “Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi Ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide Ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 50/2 (October 2024), 305-311. https://doi.org/10.32708/uutfd.1443391.
JAMA Aydın HE, Aydın M, Aydın Ö, Dülger A. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2024;50:305–311.
MLA Aydın, Hüseyin Emre et al. “Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi Ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide Ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 50, no. 2, 2024, pp. 305-11, doi:10.32708/uutfd.1443391.
Vancouver Aydın HE, Aydın M, Aydın Ö, Dülger A. Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’nde Sık Tüketilen Brassica Oleracea Var. Acephala (Karalahana) Bitkisi ve Kırmızı Et Tüketiminin Mide ve Kan Parametreleri Üzerine Etkileri. Uludağ Tıp Derg. 2024;50(2):305-11.

ISSN: 1300-414X, e-ISSN: 2645-9027

Uludağ Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi "Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License" ile lisanslanmaktadır.


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Journal of Uludag University Medical Faculty is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

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