The
Mongol invasion, which happened in the second half of 13th century, caused that
a lot of Turk-Mongol clans came to the Anatolian. The Mongol put into Mongol
and Turk tribes that constituted in their military, to their east area of
Anatolian. Because the East Anatolian had appropriate futures for those tribes who
had summer posture ana winter quarters way of life. There was much community of
Uigur and Karluk and Turcoman among these clans which came with Curmagun Noyan
who firstly followed Djelal Ed-Din Khwarazmshah. So, Khwarazm military majority
of which composed of Kangly and Qıpcaq Turks had independently spread to the
Anatolian after Yassıçemen defeat. It has been understood that some of the
Khwarazms who were taken to service of Seljukid and Eyyubi were settled to Van
and Its near, from the names of place. In addition, it’s told that plenty of
Oghuz tribes who came to Azerbaijan with victories of Seljukid surged into the
East of Anatolian and especially the Van Lake Basin.
The
basic arrival of majority of the population to the area, happened in the result
of hülegü’s West voyage. There were a lot of Mongol tribes particularly
Avirata, Sulduz, Djalair, Tatar and Sunıt. These Mongol clans used the Alatagh
in the north of Van lake as summer pasture. They would maintain their existence
in the area after The Ilkhanid state was demolished. Because of its strategical
importance, at the moment Hülegü took the area in province centered with Khlat
settled Turk and Mongol clans to the area, too. If it is considered that, Aq
Qoyunlu and Qara Qoyunlu Turkomans came with the Mongol occupation, too, it’s
comprehended well how demographic structure of the Van Lake Basin was formed.
The
Turk and Mongol clans mentioned at above would migrate to environs especially
Persia and middle of the Anatolian at the result of firstly struggle, of throne
in Persia, then struggle of sovereignty which started with the state’s demolishing
and finally Qara Qoyunlu and Aq Qoyunlu’s struggle.
Bölgeye esas büyük nüfusun gelişi
Hülegü’nün Batı seferi sonucunda olmuştur. Hülegü’nün ordusunda başta Uyrat,
Sulduz, Celayir, Tatar, Sünit olmak üzere çok sayıda Moğol boyu vardı. Bu Moğol
kabileleri Van Gölü’nün kuzeyindeki Aladağları yaylak olarak kullanıyorlardı.
İlhanlı devletinin yıkılışından sonra da bölgede varlıklarını devam
ettireceklerdir. Hülegü yöreyi stratejik öneminden dolayı Ahlat merkezli bir
eyalet içerisine aldığı gibi bölgeye Türk ve Moğol boylarını da iskan etmiştir.
Akkoyunlu ve Kara Koyunlu Türkmenlerinin de Moğol istilasıyla geldikleri
düşünülürse Van Gölü Havzası’nın demografik yapısının nasıl teşekkül ettiği
daha iyi anlaşılmaktadır.
Yukarıda bahsi geçen Türk-Moğol
boyları, önce İlhanlı devleti içerisindeki taht mücadeleleri, ardından devletin
yıkılmasıyla başlayan hâkimiyet mücadeleleri ve nihayet Kara Koyunlu ve
Akkoyunlu mücadeleleri sonucunda başta İran ve Orta Anadolu olmak üzere çevreye
göç edeceklerdir.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Journal Section | research Article |
Authors | |
Publication Date | April 17, 2018 |
Submission Date | February 7, 2018 |
Published in Issue | Year 2018 Volume: 3 Issue: 1 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons BY-NC-SA 2.0 (Attribution-Non Commercial-Share Alike).