Modern Asiler: II. Abdülhamid Döneminde Eşkıyalık ve Adam Kaçırma Suçu (1876-1906)

Year 2021, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 98 - 117, 31.03.2021

Cem Doğan

https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.880446

Abstract

Fidye için insan kaçırma suçu sıklıkla kriminal gruplar tarafından işlenir ve birçok kültürde köklü bir geçmişi vardır. Bu eylem, hem mağdur hem de ailesi açısından şiddetli duygusal, fiziksel ve ekonomik zorluklara yol açar. Fidye için insan kaçırma üç temel bileşenden oluşur. Bunlardan ilki, kaçırma eyleminin sonunda ne olacağını tahmin etmeyi imkansız kılan öngörülemez doğasıdır. Kaçıranlar, iradelerine bağlı olarak rehineyi öldürebilir ya da canını bağışlayabilirler. İkincisi, kaçırmanın asıl amacıyla ilişkilidir. Suçlular, bu edimi salt para için gerçekleştirmiş olabilecekleri gibi bir yandan rakiplerine siyasi mesaj göndermek diğer yandan da kolayca para kazanmayı planlamış olabilirler. Dahası, kaçırma eylemini tetikleyen faktörler bazı vakalarda intikam ve misilleme duygularıyla iç içe geçmiştir. Son olarak, cezanın caydırıcılığı, kaçıranların davranışsal pozisyonlarını etkiler. Bu nedenle, kaçırma vakası yürürlükte bulunan ceza kanunuyla birlikte düşünülmelidir. Bu makale, II. Abdülhamid dönemindeki fidye için insan kaçırma hadiselerini yukarıda belirtilen ilkeler ışığında tartışmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu,, Suç,, İnsan Kaçırma,, Fidye

Modern Rebels: Banditry and the Crime of Ransom Kidnapping in the Reign of Abdulhamıd II (1876-1906)

Abstract

The crime of ransom kidnapping is frequently performed by criminal groups, and it possesses a long past in many cultures. It leads to drastic emotional, physical, and economic hardships both in terms of the victim and his/her family. Ransom kidnapping consists of three essential components. First of them is its unpredictable nature that makes it impossible to guess what would be at the end of this action. Kidnappers could either murder the hostage or spare his/her life, depending on their will to kill. Second is the actual objective of kidnapping. The kidnappers might have organized the crime merely for money, or intending to send a political message to their rivals when they plan to make a good deal of money. Moreover, they could combine these factors with the feelings of vengeance and retaliation in some incidents. Once for all, the deterrence of punishment influences the behavioral positions of kidnappers, and therefore it should be interrelated with the penal code of the time. This paper aims to argue the ransom kidnapping in the reign of Abdulhamid II in the light of above-mentioned principles.

Keywords

Ottoman Empire,, Crime,, Kidnapping,, Ransom

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