Disability in History and Islam's Perspective on Disability

Year 2025, Volume: 10 Issue: Vakanüvis 10. Yıl Özel Sayısı, 1180 - 1206, 31.10.2025

Vesile Şemşek

https://doi.org/10.24186/vakanuvis.1697524

Abstract

In the history of Islamic civilization, the issue of disability is evaluated within the scope of the value that Islam places on human beings. This clearly demonstrates the positive attitude of Islam towards individuals with disabilities and those in need. However, even today, we are far from achieving this ideal. It is regrettable that in most Muslim countries, reaching this level remains very challenging. In our country, some remedial steps have recently been taken for parents of children with disabilities, widows, and the elderly. For example, the state provides regular financial support to families with disabled children. Such improvements undoubtedly bring happiness to those affected. However, the shortcomings of the policies implemented so far should be addressed, and new employment policies should be developed. This study emphasizes the importance of social assistance in Islam and highlights that individuals have different physical, mental, and spiritual abilities. It is crucial not to overlook these differences when formulating policies and social support systems.
Keywords: In the history of Islamic civilization, the issue of disability is evaluated within the scope of the value that Islam places on human beings. This clearly demonstrates the positive attitude of Islam towards individuals with disabilities and those in need. However, even today, we are far from achieving this ideal. It is regrettable that in most Muslim countries, reaching this level remains very challenging. In our country, some remedial steps have recently been taken for parents of children with disabilities, widows, and the elderly. For example, the state provides regular financial support to families with disabled children. Such improvements undoubtedly bring happiness to those affected. However, the shortcomings of the policies implemented so far should be addressed, and new employment policies should be developed. This study emphasizes the importance of social assistance in Islam and highlights that individuals have different physical, mental, and spiritual abilities. It is crucial not to overlook these differences when formulating policies and social support systems.

Keywords

history of Islam , disability , prophet , humanity

Tarihte Engellilik ve İslam’ın Engelliliğe Bakışı

Abstract

İslam Medeniyet Tarihinde engellilik konusu aslında İslam dininin insana verdiği değer kapsamında değerlendirilmektedir. Bu da İslam’ın özürlü ve muhtaçlara karşı takınmış olduğu olumlu tavrı açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Kuran’da bedensel ve zihinsel hastalıklar; dini, ruhsat bildirme, tedavi olma, Allah’a dua etme, Allah’ın hastalıklara şifa vermesi ve insanın nankörlüğünü beyan etme bağlamında geçmektedir. Henüz günümüzde bile bizim bu seviyeye ulaşmaktan çok uzakta olduğumuz açıktır. Esefle belirtmek gerekir ki; çoğu Müslüman ülkelerin bu seviyeyi tutturması hayli zor görünmektedir. Ülkemizde son dönemlerde engelli çocuk sahiplerine, dul ve yaşlılara yönelik bazı iyileştirici adımlar atılmış bulunmaktadır. Mesela; engelli çocuğu bulunan ailelere devlet düzenli olarak aylık ödemelerde bulunmaktadır. Bu tür kişilere yönelik yapılan iyileştirmeler insanı şüphesiz mutlu etmektedir. Bununla birlikte, bugüne kadar uygulanan politikaların eksiklikleri giderilmeye çalışılmalı ve yeni istihdam politikaları bulunmalıdır. Bu çalışmada İslam’da sosyal yardımlaşma önemini öne çıkararak ve insanların fiziki, zihinsel ve manevi açıdan sahip oldukları çalışma yeteneklerinin farklı oluşunu unutturmamak gerektiğini vurgulamaktır.

Keywords

İslam tarihi , engellilik , hz. peygamber , İnsan

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