Virus Benzeri Partiküller ve Aşıların Geliştirilmesinde Önemi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 88 - 94, 30.04.2022

Buket Gül , Feray Alkan

https://doi.org/10.52976/vansaglik.908047

Öz

Aşı, hem insanlarda hem de hayvanlarda patojen mikroorganizmaları kontrol etme ve hastalıkları önlemede en etkili yol olarak kullanılan biyolojik maddedir. Hayvanların viral hastalıklarına karşı kullanılan geleneksel aşılar, inaktive edilmiş veya zayıflatılmış virus aşılarından oluşmaktadır. Ancak son yıllarda mikroorganizmaların alt ünitelerini içeren aşılara yönelik çalışmalar dikkat çekicidir. Bunlardan “Virus Benzeri Parçacık” (Virus Like Particle, VLP) aşıları, aşı kavramına farklı sınırlar açan yaklaşımlardan birini temsil eder. Kapsit yapısından oluşan, virus genomu içermeyen bu yapılar otantik virionun doğal konfigürasyonunu taklit ederek hem humoral hem de hücreye bağlı bağışıklık tepkilerini etkili bir şekilde ortaya çıkarır. VLP’ler taklit ettikleri hedef antijene karşı immun sistemi uyarmalarının yanı sıra farklı antijenler için taşıyıcılık yaparak da aşıların geliştirilmesine katkı sağlarlar. Bu derlemede VLP’lerin genel özellikleri, immun sistemi uyarma mekanizmaları, üretimleri ve VLP içeren aşı geliştirme teknolojisinin potansiyel avantajları ve olası sınırlamalardan bahsedilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşı, virus, virus benzeri partikül (VLP)

Kaynakça

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