The Effect of Different Diluents on Short-Term Storage and Fertility in Damascus Goats

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine effects of different proportions of sugar and egg yolk (EY) added to Tris in Damascus bucks on some spermatological properties and fertility at 4°C. Goats to be inseminated in a total of 4 groups with 8 females in each group, one of which was the control (natural breeding). Progesterone measurements and birth rates were recorded. During the breeding season semen was collected from 4 bucks twice a week. After pooling, semen diluted with 3 different diluents (Group 1: 1.3 g fructose, 0.2 g glucose, %20 EY; Group 2: 0.9 g fructose, 0.1 g glucose, 3% EY; Group 3: 0.2 g fructose, 0.1 g glucose, 0% EY) and stored for 96 hours. At 12-24, 36-60 hours, lowest motility was detected in group1 and highest motility in group2 (p<0.05). There was no difference between groups in abnormal spermatozoa rates (p>0.05). Highest value of dead-live spermatozoa ratio was determined in group1 until 72nd hour (p<0.05). Consequently, semen quality was found to be significantly lower in the group with of 20% EY, and highest motility and longevity were found in the group with a small amount of (3%) added EY. There was no difference in 21st-day pregnancy and birth rates between groups and natural breeding. Consequently, it was determined that addition of EY and sugar in low amounts to Tris diluent in short-term storage of Damascus buck semen provided significant benefits on spermatological values, was found to be similar to natural breeding group in terms of fertility.

Keywords

• Birth rate
• egg yolk
• fertility
• goat
• spermatozoon

Damascus Irkı Tekelerde Farklı Sulandırıcıların Kısa Süreli Saklama ve Fertiliteye Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Damascus tekesi spermasının Tris sulandırıcısına ilave edilen farklı oranlarda şeker ve yumurta sarısının (YS) 4 °C’de bazı spermatolojik özellikler ve fertiliteye etkilerinin saptanması amacıyla yapıldı. Her grupta 8 dişi olacak şekilde biri kontrol (doğal aşım) olmak üzere toplamda 4 grup oluşturuldu. Fertilite parametreleri bakımından progesteron ölçümleri (21. gün) ve doğum oranları kaydedildi. Üreme sezonunda 4 adet tekeden haftada 2 defa sperma alındı. Spermalar birleştirildikten sonra 3 ayrı sulandırıcıyla (Grup 1: 1.3 g fruktoz, 0,2 g glikoz, %20 YS; Grup 2: 0.9 g fruktoz, 0.1 g glikoz, 3% YS; Grup 3: 0.2 g fruktoz, 0.1 g glikoz, %0 YS) sulandırıldı ve 96 saat süreyle 4 °C’de saklandı. 12-24. ve 36-60. saatlerde en düşük motilite grup 1’de saptanırken, en yüksek motilite ise grup 2’de kaydedildi (p<0.05). Anormal spermatozoon oranları bakımından gruplar arasında fark gözlenmedi (p>0.05). Ölü-canlı spermatozoon oranı bakımından 72. saate kadar en yüksek değer grup 1’de saptandı (p<0.05). Spermatolojik değerlendirmeler sonucunda %20 YS katılan grupta sperma kalitesinin saklama süresince belirgin oranda düşük olduğu, az oranda YS eklenen (%3) grupta ise yüksek motilite ve longevite saptandı. Gruplar ve doğal aşım arasında 21. gün gebelik ve doğum oranları bakımından fark görülmedi (p>0.05). Sonuç olarak Damascus teke spermasının kısa süreli saklanmasında Tris sulandırıcısına düşük miktarlarda yumurta sarısı ve şeker ilavesinin spermatolojik değerlere önemli derecede fayda sağladığı fertilite bakımından doğal aşım grubu ile benzer olduğu saptanmıştır.

Keywords

• Doğum oranı
• fertilite
• keçi
• spermatozoon
• yumurta sarısı

References

1. Al-Ghalban AM, Tabbaa MJ, Kridli RT (2004). Factors affecting semen characteristics and scrotal circumference in Damascus bucks. Small Rumin Res, 53 (1-2), 141-149.
2. Alçay S, Toker MB, Onder NT, Gokce E (2017). Royal jelly supplemented soybean lecithin-based extenders improve post-thaw quality and incubation resilience of goat spermatozoa. Cryobiology, 74, 81-85.
3. Anand M, Baghel G, Yadav S. (2017). Effect of egg yolk concentration and washing on sperm quality following cryopreservation in Barbari buck semen. J Appl Anim Res, 45 (1), 560-565.
4. Arrebola F, González O, Torres R, Abecia JA (2013). Artificial insemination in Payoya goats: factors affecting fertility. Anim Prod Sci, 54 (3), 356-362.
5. Barbas JP, Marques CC, Baptista MC et al. (2006). Reproduction in the goat Serrana breed: seasonal and individual factors affecting fresh and frozen semen performance, in vivo and in vitro fertility. In: International Symposium on Comparative Advantages for Typical Animal Products from the Mediterranean Areas, Vale de Santarém, Portugal.
6. Bezerra FSB, Castelo TS, Alves HM et al. (2011) Objective assessment of the cryoprotective effects of dimethyl formamide for freezing goat semen. Cryobiology, 63, 263-266.
7. Bispo C, Pugliesi G, Galvão P et al. (2011). Effect of low and high egg yolk concentrations in the semen extender for goat semen cryopreservation. Small Rumin Res, 100 (1), 54-58.
8. Bucak MN, Tekin N (2007). Protective effect of taurine, glutathione and trehaloseon the liquid storage of ram semen. Small Rumin Res, 73, 103-108.

9. Büyükleblebici S, Tuncer PB, Taşdemir U ve ark. (2014). The comparison of three different cryoprotectants in cryopreservation of angora goat semen. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 20 (4): 613-619.
10. Çetın NC, Kaan OK. Ates, CT, Karaca F (2020). Effect of royal jelly on quality of chilled semen from Damascus buck. J Vet Andr, 5 (1), 7-17.
11. Cseh S, Faigl V, Amiridis GS (2012). Semen processing and artificial insemination in health management of small ruminants. Anim Reprod Sci, 130 (3-4), 187-192.
12. Daşkın A, Tekin N (1996). The Effect of Egg-Yolk on The Quality of Frozen Angora Buck Semen. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 20, 395-398.
13. Debbarma V, Sinha S, Singh LK, Deka BC, Biswas RK et al. (2019). Effect of Extenders on Semen Quality of Beetal Bucks Preserved at 5 C. J Entomol Zool Stud, 7 (5), 278-282.
14. Demirci E (2002). Evcil Hayvanlarda Reprodüksiyon. Suni Tohumlama ve Androloji Ders Notları. Fırat Üniv Vet Fak Ders Teksiri No:53. Elazığ.
15. Erarslan C, Karaca F (2017). Üreme mevsiminde vaginal sünger ve kulak implantı uygulamalarıyla senkronize edilen kıl keçilerinde farklı zamanlarda ya- pılan servikal tohumlamaların gebelik oranlarına etkisi. Atatürk Üniv Vet Bil Derg, 12 (1), 63-70.
16. Ferreira VS, Mello MRB, Fonseca CEM et al. (2014). Effect of seminal plasma and egg yolk concentration on freezability of goat semen. Rev Bras de Zootec, 43 (10), 513-518.
17. Gororo E, ZuluPT, Chatiza FP, Mhuka C (2019). Effects of different extenders and storage temperatures on longevity of small East African goat (Capra hircus) semen. Small Rumin Res, 175, 83-89.
18. Gunjan B, Anand M. and Yadav S (2014). Effect of different egg yolk conc. On sperm membrane integrity in Barbari buck subjected to cryopreservation. Vet Pract, 15, 264-266.
19. Karaca F, Çetin NC, Yalçın OK, Ateş CT (2021). Üreme sezonunda senkronize edilen keçilerde dondurulmuş sperma ile farklı zamanlarda yapılan servikal tohumlamaların gebelik oranlarına etkisi. Van Sağ Bil Derg, 14 (1), 41-49.
20. Kharche SD, Jindal SK, Priyadharsini R. et al. (2013). Fertility following frozen semen artificial insemination in Jamunapari goats. Indian J Anim Sci, 83 (10), 1071-1073.
21. Kulaksız R, Daşkın A (2007). Teke Spermasının Kısa ve Uzun Süreli Saklanması. Vet Hekim Der Derg, 78 (4), 51-56.
22. Kulaksız R, Ari UC, Daşkin A, Üner AG (2013). The effect of different glycerol concentrations on freezability of semen from Angora, Kilis and Saanen goats. Slovak J anim sci, 46 (2), 39-44.
23. Leboeuf B, Restall B, Salamon S (2000). Production and storage of goat semen for artificial insemination. Anim Reprod Sci, 62, 113–141.
24. Leethongdee S, Lieangcharoen N, Thuangsanthia A (2013). The fertility rate following the superficial cervical artificial Insemination with fixed time system after the induction of oestrus and ovulation in mixed bred goats. Reprod Domest Anim, 48, 112.
25. Liu CH, Dong HB, Ma DL et al. (2016). Effects of pH during liquid storage of goat semen on sperm viability and fertilizing potential. Anim Reprod Sci, 164, 47-56.
26. Medrano A, Terrazas A, Soto R (2010). Principles and perspectives for the conservation of goat buck spermatozoa. Small Rumin Res, 89 (2-3), 140-143.
27. Memon AA, Wahid H, Rosnina Y, Goh YM, Ebrahimi M (2013). Effect of buffers and egg yolk concentrations on chilled and frozen- thawed Boer goat spermatozoa. Res Opin Anim Vet Sci, 3 (10), 374-379
28. Mocé E, Lozano-Palazón SA, del Mar Martínez-Granell M, Mocé ML, Gómez EA (2020). Effect of the Refrigeration System on In Vitro Quality and In Vivo Fertility of Goat Buck Sperm. Animals, 10 (12), 2399.
29. Mutlak NK (2019). The impact of adding different levels of egg yolk on the motility and morphology pre and post thaw cryopreservation of goat semen. AJVS, 12 (1).
30. Naing SW, Wahid H, Azam KM et al. (2010). Effect of sugars on characteristics of Boer goat semen after cryopreservation. Anim Reprod Sci, 122 (1-2), 23-28.
31. Ngoma L, Kambulu L, Mwanza M (2016). Factors influencing goat’s semen fertility and storage: a literature review. J Hum Ecol, 56, 114-125.
32. Ngoma S, Essén-Gustavsson B, Linde Forsberg C (2004). Influence of glucose and fructose in the extender during long-term storage of chilled canine semen. Theriogenology, 62 (8), 1498-1517.
33. Purdy PH (2006). A review on goat sperm cryopreservation. Small Rum Res, 63, 215-225.
34. Qureshi MS, Khan D, Mushtaq A, Afridi SS (2013). Effect of extenders, postdilution intervals, and seasons on semen quality in dairy goats. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 37, 147-152.
35. Ranjan R, Goel AK, Ramachandean N, Kharche SD, Jindal SK (2015). Effect of egg yolk and equilibration period on freezability of jamunapari buck semen. Ind J Small Rumin Res, 21, 32-36.
36. Santiago-Moreno J, Toledano-Díaz A, Pulido-Pastor A (2006). Effect of egg yolk concentration on cryopreserving Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica) epididymal spermatozoa, Theriogenology. 66 (5), 1219-26.
37. Sun L, Fan W, Wu C et al. (2020). Effect of substituting different concentrations of soybean lecithin and egg yolk in tris-based extender on goat semen cryopreservation. Cryobiology, 92, 146-150.
38. Şen ÇÇ, Kulaksız R (2017). Kısa süreli teke spermasının saklanmasında farklı şekerlerin sperma kalitesi üzerine etkisi. BAUN Sağ Bil Derg, 6 (3), 104-107.
39. Tar M, Towhidi A, Zeinoaldini S, Zhandi M, Zadeh MHM (2017). Determination of the egg yolk optimum level in the goat sperm freezing extender by In vitro evaluations. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 49 (3), 361-37. Üstüner B, Günay Ü (2009). Teke Spermasının Saklanması ve Suni Tohumlama. Uludag Univ J Fac Vet Med, 28 (1), 53-58.
40. Yıldız C, Kaya A, Aksoy M, Tekeli T (2000). Influence of sugar supplementation of the extender on motility, viability and acrosomal integrity of dog spermatozoa during freezing. Theriogenology, 54, 579–585.
41. Yotov SA, Velislavova DV, Dimova LR (2016). Pregnancy rate in Bulgarian White milk goats with natural and synchronized estrus after artificial insemina- tion by frozen semen during breeding season. Asian Pac J Reprod, 5 (2), 144-147.