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Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı

Year 2023, , 86 - 92, 29.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1225000

Abstract

Bu çalışma, Muş ve ilçelerinde yenidoğan ishalli buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Escherichia coli K-99, Cryptosporidium spp. ve Clostridium perfringens etkenlerinin prevalansını belirlemek için yapıldı. Araştırmanın hayvan materyali; sistematik bir şekilde muayeneleri yapılan Muş ili ve ilçelerinde yenidoğan farklı yaş, ırk ve cinsiyette 96 ishalli buzağıdan dışkı örnekleri alınarak yapıldı. Alınan dışkı numuneleri hızlı tanı testleriyle tekniğine uygun olarak analiz edildi. Dışkı örneklerinin hızlı diagnostik test kitleriyle incelenmesi sonucunda, buzağılardaki ishalin %10.41 Rotavirus, %25 Coronavirus, %27.08 Rotavirus+ Coronavirus, %7.29 E. coli, %5.37 Cryptosporidium spp, %12.5 Clostridium perfringens ve %12.5 diğer faktörlerden kaynaklandığı tespit edildi. Sonuç olarak; Muş ili ve ilçelerinde neonatal dönemdeki ishalli buzağılarda ishale neden enteropatojenlerin varlığı ve bunların dağılımı hakkında bilimsel veriler ortaya konuldu. Muş ve ilçelerinde yenidoğan ishalli buzağılar ile ilgili gelecek zamanlarda yapılacak olan bilimsel çalışmalar için yol göstereceği ve ışık tutacağı kanısına varıldı.

References

  • Abraham G, Roeder PL, Zewdu R (1992). Agents associated with neonatal diarrhoea in Ethiopian dairy calves. Trop Anim Health Prod, 24 (2), 74-80.
  • Akyüz E, Naseri A, Erkılıç EE ve ark. (2017). Neonatal buzağı ishalleri ve sepsis. Kafkas Üniv Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Derg, 10 (2), 181-191.
  • Al M, Balıkçı E (2012). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli K99 ve Cryptosporidium parvum'un hızlı test kitleri ile teşhisi ve enteropatojen ile maternal immünite ilişkisi. F Ü Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 26 (2), 73-78.
  • Anthony SJ, Johnson CK, Greig DJ, et al. (2017). Global patterns in coronavirus diversity. Virus Evol, 3 (1), 1–15. Arslan MÖ, Kırmızıgül AH, Parmaksızoğlu N, Erkılıç EE (2015). Eimeria zuernii ile doğal enfekte buzağılarda kış coccidiosisi olgusu. Atatürk Üniv Vet Bil Derg, 10 (3), 193-197.
  • Aydın F, Umur Ş, Gökçe G, Genç O, Güler MA (2001). Kars yöresindeki ishalli buzağılardan bakteriyel ve paraziter etkenlerin izolasyonu ve identifikasyonu. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 7 (1), 7-14.
  • Bal D (2019). Manisa yöresinde neonatal buzağı ishalleri üzerine etiyolojik araştırmalar. Yüksek lisans tezi. Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Afyon, Türkiye.
  • Bendali F, Bichet H, Schelcher F, Sanaa M (1999). Pattern of diarrhoea in newborn beef calves in sauth-west France. Vet Res, 30, 61-74.
  • Cho YI, Han JI, Wang C, et al. (2013). Case–control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea. Veterinary Microbiolog 166 (3-4), 375-385.
  • Cho YI, Kim WI, Liu S, Kinyon JM, Yoon KJ (2010). Development of a panel of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for simultaneous detection of major agents causing calf diarrhea in feces. J Vet Diagn Investig, 22 (4), 509-517.
  • Cho YI, Yoon KJ (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea-infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. J Vet Sci, 15 (1), 1-17.
  • Cornish TE, Van Olphen AL, Cavender JL, et al. (2005). Comparison of ear notch immunohistochemistry, ear notch antigen-capture ELISA, and buffy coat virus isolation for detection of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Vet Diagn Investig, 17 (2), 110-117.
  • Çabalar M, Kaya A, Arslan S (2007). Yeni doğan buzağıların ishal olgularında rotavirus ve coronavirus araştırılması. Vet Bil Derg, 23 (3- 4), 103-106.
  • Ekik M (2002). Konya bölgesinde yenidoğan ishalli buzağılardan rotavirus antijenlerinin ELISA ile Belirlenmesi ve Annelerinden Rotavirus 93 antikorlarının tespiti. S.Ü. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Viroloji Anabilim Dalı. Doktora Tezi, Konya.
  • Eskiizmirliler SN, Öncel T, Beyazıt A, Mısırlıoğlu OZ (2001). Türkiye'nin değişik illerindeki ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus ve crytosporidiosisin yayılışı. Vet Hek Mikrobiy Derg, 2, 35-42.
  • Ferrarezi MC, Cardoso TC, Dutra IS (2008). Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolated from calves with neonatal diarrhea. Anaerobe, 14 (6), 328-331.
  • Foster DM, Smith GW (2009). Pathophysiology of diarrhea in calves. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 25 (1), 13-36.
  • Fuente R, Garcia A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA ve ark. (1998). Proportional morbidity rates of enteropathogens among diarrheic dairy calves in Central Spain. Prev Vet Med, 36 (2), 145–152.
  • Garaicoechea L, Bok K, Jones LR ve ark. (2006). Molecular characterization of bovine rotavirus circulating in beef and dairy herds in 556 Argentina during a 10-year period (1994–2003). Vet Microbiol, 118, 1–11.
  • Garcia A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA, Orden JA (2000). Rotavirus and concurrent infections with other enterapathogens in noenatal diarrheic dairy calves in Spain. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis, 23, 175 – 183.
  • Gulliksen SM, Jor E, Lie KI ve ark. (2009). Enteropathogens and risk factors for diarrhea in Norwegian dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 92 (10), 5057-5066.
  • Izzo MM, Kirkland PD, Mohler VL, et al. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhoea. Aust Vet J, 89 (5), 167-173.
  • Karayel I, Fehér E, Marton S, et al. (2017). Putative vaccine breakthrough event associated with heterotypic rotavirus infection in newborn calves. Vet Microbiol, 201, 7-13.
  • Kaya U (2017). Tokat Bölgesindeki Neonatal Buzağı İshallerinin Etiyolojisinin Belirlenmesi Yüksek lisans Tezi, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sivas.
  • Khan A, Khan MZ (1991). Aetiopathology of neonatal calf mortality. J Isl Acad Sci, 4 (2), 159- 165. Kozat S, Tuncay İ (2018). Siirt yöresindeki yenidoğan ishalli buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp, Escherichia coli K 99 ve Giardia lamblia etkenlerinin prevalansı. Van Vet J, 29 (1), 17-22.
  • Kozat S, Voyvoda H (2006). İshalli buzağılarda kristalloid (laktatli ringer) ve kolloidal + kristalloid (% 6 dekstran - 70 + laktatlı ringer) infüzyon solüsyonlarinin rehidratasyon etkinliği. Van Sağ Bil Derg, 9 (1), 139-151. Kozat S (2018). Hypothermia in newborn calves. J İstanbul Vet Sci, 2 (1), 30-37.
  • Kozat S (2019). Yenidoğan buzağılarda kolostrum yönetiminin önemi. Ataturk Univ Vet Bilim Derg, 14 (3), 343-353.
  • Kuliğ CC, Coşkun A (2019). Sivas ve ilçelerindeki neonatal ishalli buzağılarda E. coli, Cryptosporidium, Clostridium perfringens, Rotavirus ve Coronavirus Prevalansı. Turk Vet J, 1 (2), 69-73.
  • Langoni H, Linhares AC, De Avila FA, Da Silva AV, Elias AO (2004). Contribution to the study of diarrhea etiology in neonate dairy calves in São Paulo state, Brazil. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci, 41, 313-319.
  • Lanz Uhde F, Kaufmann T, Sager H, et al. (2008). Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic dairy calves in Switzerland. Vet Rec, 163 (12), 362-366.
  • Larson RL, Tyler JW (2005). Reducing calf losses in beef herds. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 21 (2): 569-584.
  • Lorenz I, Fagan J, More SJ (2011). Calf health from birth to weaning. II. Management of diarrhoea in pre-weaned calves. Irish Vet J, 64 (9), 1-6.
  • Mayameei A, Mohammadi G, Yavari S, Afshari E, Omidi A (2010). Evaluation of relationship between Rotavirus and Coronavirus infections with calf diarrhea by capture ELISA. Comp Clin Path, 19 (6), 553-557.
  • McGuirk SM (2008). Disease management of dairy calves and heifers. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 24 (1), 139-153.
  • Meganck V, Hoflack G, Opsomer G (2014). Advances in prevention and therapy of neonatal dairy of diarrhoea: a systematic review with emphasis on colostrum management and fluid therapy. Acta Vet Scand, 56 (1), 75.
  • Murat A, Balıkçı E (2012). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli K99 ve Cryptosporidium parvum'un hızlı test kitleri ile teşhisi ve enteropatojen ile maternal immünite ilişkisi. F Ü Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 26 (2), 73–78.
  • Özkan C, Akgül Y (2004). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda hematolojik, biyokimyasal ve elektrokardiyografik bulgular. YYÜ Vet Fak Derg, 15 (1-2), 123-129.
  • Özkan M, Gıcık Y, Metin H, Sarı B (2001). Prevence of cryptosporidium spp oocysts in diarrhoeic calves in Kars Province, Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 25, 161-164.
  • Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD (2006). Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the diseases of catle, sheep, goats, pigs and horses. 10th ed. Saunders Co. London.
  • Reynold SM, Chasey D, Scott AC, Bridger JC (1984). Evaluation of ELISA and EM for detection of coronavirus and rotavirus in bovine faeces. Vet Rec, 114, 397-401.
  • Snodgrass DR, Terzolo HR, Sherwood D, Campell I, Menzies JD. (1986). Aetiology of diarrhoea in young calves. Vet Rec, 119, 31-34.
  • Songer JG. Enteric Clostridia In: Gyles CL, Prescott JF, Songer JG., Thoen CO (2010). Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals. 4th edition, Wiley-Balckwell, USA. Pp. 211-229.
  • Şimşek AT, İnci A, Yıldırım A, Çiloğlu A, Bişkin Z, Düzlü Ö (2012). Nevşehir yöresindeki yeni doğan ishalli buzağılarda cryptosporidiosis’ in real time PCR ve Nested PCR yöntemleri ile saptanması. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 9 (2), 79-87.
  • Uzal FA, Vidal JE, McClane BA, Gurjar AA (2010). Clostridium perfringens Toxins Involved in mammalian veterinary diseases. The Open Toxinology Journal; 3, 24-42.
  • Von Buenau R, Jaekel L, Schubotz E, Schwarz S, Stroff T, Krueger M (2005). Escherichia coli strain nissle 1917: significant reduction of neonatal calf diarrhea. J Dairy Sci, 88 (1), 317-323.

The prevalence of Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 and Clostridium perfringens in Calves with Newborn Diarrhea in Muş and its Districts

Year 2023, , 86 - 92, 29.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1225000

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Escherichia coli K-99, Cryptosporidium spp. and Clostridium perfringens in calves with neonatal diarrhea in Muş and its districts. The material of this study was stool samples taken from 96 newborn calves of different ages, breed, and genders in Muş province and its districts. The stool samples were analyzed by rapid diagnostic tests in accordance with the technique. When stool samples were examined by rapid diagnostic test; 10.41% Rotavirus, 25% Coronavirus, 27.08% Rotavirus+Coronavirus, 7.29 % E. coli, 5.37% Cryptosporidium spp, 12.5% Clostridium perfringens and 12.5 % other factors were detected in calves with diarrhea. As a result; the presence and distribution of enteropathogens that cause diarrhea in calves with neonatal diarrhea in Muş and its districts were presented. It was concluded that this study will shed light on future scientific studies on diarrheal calves in Muş and its districts.

References

  • Abraham G, Roeder PL, Zewdu R (1992). Agents associated with neonatal diarrhoea in Ethiopian dairy calves. Trop Anim Health Prod, 24 (2), 74-80.
  • Akyüz E, Naseri A, Erkılıç EE ve ark. (2017). Neonatal buzağı ishalleri ve sepsis. Kafkas Üniv Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Derg, 10 (2), 181-191.
  • Al M, Balıkçı E (2012). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli K99 ve Cryptosporidium parvum'un hızlı test kitleri ile teşhisi ve enteropatojen ile maternal immünite ilişkisi. F Ü Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 26 (2), 73-78.
  • Anthony SJ, Johnson CK, Greig DJ, et al. (2017). Global patterns in coronavirus diversity. Virus Evol, 3 (1), 1–15. Arslan MÖ, Kırmızıgül AH, Parmaksızoğlu N, Erkılıç EE (2015). Eimeria zuernii ile doğal enfekte buzağılarda kış coccidiosisi olgusu. Atatürk Üniv Vet Bil Derg, 10 (3), 193-197.
  • Aydın F, Umur Ş, Gökçe G, Genç O, Güler MA (2001). Kars yöresindeki ishalli buzağılardan bakteriyel ve paraziter etkenlerin izolasyonu ve identifikasyonu. Kafkas Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 7 (1), 7-14.
  • Bal D (2019). Manisa yöresinde neonatal buzağı ishalleri üzerine etiyolojik araştırmalar. Yüksek lisans tezi. Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Afyon, Türkiye.
  • Bendali F, Bichet H, Schelcher F, Sanaa M (1999). Pattern of diarrhoea in newborn beef calves in sauth-west France. Vet Res, 30, 61-74.
  • Cho YI, Han JI, Wang C, et al. (2013). Case–control study of microbiological etiology associated with calf diarrhea. Veterinary Microbiolog 166 (3-4), 375-385.
  • Cho YI, Kim WI, Liu S, Kinyon JM, Yoon KJ (2010). Development of a panel of multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assays for simultaneous detection of major agents causing calf diarrhea in feces. J Vet Diagn Investig, 22 (4), 509-517.
  • Cho YI, Yoon KJ (2014). An overview of calf diarrhea-infectious etiology, diagnosis, and intervention. J Vet Sci, 15 (1), 1-17.
  • Cornish TE, Van Olphen AL, Cavender JL, et al. (2005). Comparison of ear notch immunohistochemistry, ear notch antigen-capture ELISA, and buffy coat virus isolation for detection of calves persistently infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. J Vet Diagn Investig, 17 (2), 110-117.
  • Çabalar M, Kaya A, Arslan S (2007). Yeni doğan buzağıların ishal olgularında rotavirus ve coronavirus araştırılması. Vet Bil Derg, 23 (3- 4), 103-106.
  • Ekik M (2002). Konya bölgesinde yenidoğan ishalli buzağılardan rotavirus antijenlerinin ELISA ile Belirlenmesi ve Annelerinden Rotavirus 93 antikorlarının tespiti. S.Ü. Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Viroloji Anabilim Dalı. Doktora Tezi, Konya.
  • Eskiizmirliler SN, Öncel T, Beyazıt A, Mısırlıoğlu OZ (2001). Türkiye'nin değişik illerindeki ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus ve crytosporidiosisin yayılışı. Vet Hek Mikrobiy Derg, 2, 35-42.
  • Ferrarezi MC, Cardoso TC, Dutra IS (2008). Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolated from calves with neonatal diarrhea. Anaerobe, 14 (6), 328-331.
  • Foster DM, Smith GW (2009). Pathophysiology of diarrhea in calves. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 25 (1), 13-36.
  • Fuente R, Garcia A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA ve ark. (1998). Proportional morbidity rates of enteropathogens among diarrheic dairy calves in Central Spain. Prev Vet Med, 36 (2), 145–152.
  • Garaicoechea L, Bok K, Jones LR ve ark. (2006). Molecular characterization of bovine rotavirus circulating in beef and dairy herds in 556 Argentina during a 10-year period (1994–2003). Vet Microbiol, 118, 1–11.
  • Garcia A, Ruiz-Santa-Quiteria JA, Orden JA (2000). Rotavirus and concurrent infections with other enterapathogens in noenatal diarrheic dairy calves in Spain. Comp Immun Microbiol Infect Dis, 23, 175 – 183.
  • Gulliksen SM, Jor E, Lie KI ve ark. (2009). Enteropathogens and risk factors for diarrhea in Norwegian dairy calves. J Dairy Sci, 92 (10), 5057-5066.
  • Izzo MM, Kirkland PD, Mohler VL, et al. (2011). Prevalence of major enteric pathogens in Australian dairy calves with diarrhoea. Aust Vet J, 89 (5), 167-173.
  • Karayel I, Fehér E, Marton S, et al. (2017). Putative vaccine breakthrough event associated with heterotypic rotavirus infection in newborn calves. Vet Microbiol, 201, 7-13.
  • Kaya U (2017). Tokat Bölgesindeki Neonatal Buzağı İshallerinin Etiyolojisinin Belirlenmesi Yüksek lisans Tezi, Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Sivas.
  • Khan A, Khan MZ (1991). Aetiopathology of neonatal calf mortality. J Isl Acad Sci, 4 (2), 159- 165. Kozat S, Tuncay İ (2018). Siirt yöresindeki yenidoğan ishalli buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp, Escherichia coli K 99 ve Giardia lamblia etkenlerinin prevalansı. Van Vet J, 29 (1), 17-22.
  • Kozat S, Voyvoda H (2006). İshalli buzağılarda kristalloid (laktatli ringer) ve kolloidal + kristalloid (% 6 dekstran - 70 + laktatlı ringer) infüzyon solüsyonlarinin rehidratasyon etkinliği. Van Sağ Bil Derg, 9 (1), 139-151. Kozat S (2018). Hypothermia in newborn calves. J İstanbul Vet Sci, 2 (1), 30-37.
  • Kozat S (2019). Yenidoğan buzağılarda kolostrum yönetiminin önemi. Ataturk Univ Vet Bilim Derg, 14 (3), 343-353.
  • Kuliğ CC, Coşkun A (2019). Sivas ve ilçelerindeki neonatal ishalli buzağılarda E. coli, Cryptosporidium, Clostridium perfringens, Rotavirus ve Coronavirus Prevalansı. Turk Vet J, 1 (2), 69-73.
  • Langoni H, Linhares AC, De Avila FA, Da Silva AV, Elias AO (2004). Contribution to the study of diarrhea etiology in neonate dairy calves in São Paulo state, Brazil. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci, 41, 313-319.
  • Lanz Uhde F, Kaufmann T, Sager H, et al. (2008). Prevalence of four enteropathogens in the faeces of young diarrhoeic dairy calves in Switzerland. Vet Rec, 163 (12), 362-366.
  • Larson RL, Tyler JW (2005). Reducing calf losses in beef herds. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 21 (2): 569-584.
  • Lorenz I, Fagan J, More SJ (2011). Calf health from birth to weaning. II. Management of diarrhoea in pre-weaned calves. Irish Vet J, 64 (9), 1-6.
  • Mayameei A, Mohammadi G, Yavari S, Afshari E, Omidi A (2010). Evaluation of relationship between Rotavirus and Coronavirus infections with calf diarrhea by capture ELISA. Comp Clin Path, 19 (6), 553-557.
  • McGuirk SM (2008). Disease management of dairy calves and heifers. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 24 (1), 139-153.
  • Meganck V, Hoflack G, Opsomer G (2014). Advances in prevention and therapy of neonatal dairy of diarrhoea: a systematic review with emphasis on colostrum management and fluid therapy. Acta Vet Scand, 56 (1), 75.
  • Murat A, Balıkçı E (2012). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda rotavirus, coronavirus, E. coli K99 ve Cryptosporidium parvum'un hızlı test kitleri ile teşhisi ve enteropatojen ile maternal immünite ilişkisi. F Ü Sağ Bil Vet Derg, 26 (2), 73–78.
  • Özkan C, Akgül Y (2004). Neonatal ishalli buzağılarda hematolojik, biyokimyasal ve elektrokardiyografik bulgular. YYÜ Vet Fak Derg, 15 (1-2), 123-129.
  • Özkan M, Gıcık Y, Metin H, Sarı B (2001). Prevence of cryptosporidium spp oocysts in diarrhoeic calves in Kars Province, Turkey. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 25, 161-164.
  • Radostits OM, Gay CC, Hinchcliff KW, Constable PD (2006). Veterinary Medicine: A Textbook of the diseases of catle, sheep, goats, pigs and horses. 10th ed. Saunders Co. London.
  • Reynold SM, Chasey D, Scott AC, Bridger JC (1984). Evaluation of ELISA and EM for detection of coronavirus and rotavirus in bovine faeces. Vet Rec, 114, 397-401.
  • Snodgrass DR, Terzolo HR, Sherwood D, Campell I, Menzies JD. (1986). Aetiology of diarrhoea in young calves. Vet Rec, 119, 31-34.
  • Songer JG. Enteric Clostridia In: Gyles CL, Prescott JF, Songer JG., Thoen CO (2010). Pathogenesis of bacterial infections in animals. 4th edition, Wiley-Balckwell, USA. Pp. 211-229.
  • Şimşek AT, İnci A, Yıldırım A, Çiloğlu A, Bişkin Z, Düzlü Ö (2012). Nevşehir yöresindeki yeni doğan ishalli buzağılarda cryptosporidiosis’ in real time PCR ve Nested PCR yöntemleri ile saptanması. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 9 (2), 79-87.
  • Uzal FA, Vidal JE, McClane BA, Gurjar AA (2010). Clostridium perfringens Toxins Involved in mammalian veterinary diseases. The Open Toxinology Journal; 3, 24-42.
  • Von Buenau R, Jaekel L, Schubotz E, Schwarz S, Stroff T, Krueger M (2005). Escherichia coli strain nissle 1917: significant reduction of neonatal calf diarrhea. J Dairy Sci, 88 (1), 317-323.
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Şeref Taş This is me 0000-0003-4321-1919

Süleyman Kozat 0000-0001-5089-2623

Early Pub Date July 26, 2023
Publication Date July 29, 2023
Submission Date January 16, 2023
Acceptance Date March 27, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Taş, Ş., & Kozat, S. (2023). Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı. Van Veterinary Journal, 34(2), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1225000
AMA Taş Ş, Kozat S. Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı. Van Vet J. July 2023;34(2):86-92. doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1225000
Chicago Taş, Şeref, and Süleyman Kozat. “Muş Ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia Coli K99 Ve Clostridium Perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı”. Van Veterinary Journal 34, no. 2 (July 2023): 86-92. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1225000.
EndNote Taş Ş, Kozat S (July 1, 2023) Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı. Van Veterinary Journal 34 2 86–92.
IEEE Ş. Taş and S. Kozat, “Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı”, Van Vet J, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 86–92, 2023, doi: 10.36483/vanvetj.1225000.
ISNAD Taş, Şeref - Kozat, Süleyman. “Muş Ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia Coli K99 Ve Clostridium Perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı”. Van Veterinary Journal 34/2 (July 2023), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1225000.
JAMA Taş Ş, Kozat S. Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı. Van Vet J. 2023;34:86–92.
MLA Taş, Şeref and Süleyman Kozat. “Muş Ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia Coli K99 Ve Clostridium Perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı”. Van Veterinary Journal, vol. 34, no. 2, 2023, pp. 86-92, doi:10.36483/vanvetj.1225000.
Vancouver Taş Ş, Kozat S. Muş ve İlçelerinde Yenidoğan İshalli Buzağılarda Rotavirus, Coronavirus, Cryptosporidium spp., Escherichia coli K99 ve Clostridium perfringens Etkenlerinin Prevalansı. Van Vet J. 2023;34(2):86-92.

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