Immunolocalization of Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and C-Type Natriuretic Peptide In Healthy and Pre-Eclamptic Human Placenta

Abstract

Pregnancy triggers extensive alterations in the maternal vasculature to deliver a constant supply of blood to the growing fetus. Natriuretic peptides are hormones secreted by many organs. Preeclampsia is associated with increased maternal plasma natriuretic peptide levels, which are used as novel biochemical markers to predict the preeclampsia. Here, we aimed to determine the immunohistochemical distribution of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) in normal and pre-eclamptic human placentas. Tissue samples from maternal and fetal parts of pre-eclamptic and healthy human placentas were subjected to routine tissue processing. Avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) immunohistochemistry was applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded placenta sections collected onto poly-l-lysine slides to demonstrate ANP and CNP expression. Immunohistochemistry revealed immunoreactivity for ANP and CNP in fetal and maternal tissues. On the fetal side of the preeclampsia group, strong ANP and CNP immunoreactivity were detected in the amniotic epithelium, fetal vessels, villous syncytiotrophoblast plate, villous vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells than the healthy group. On the maternal side of the pre-eclampsia group, decidual cells exhibited lower ANP and CNP immunoreactivity than healthy group. These data indicate that increased ANP and CNP expression relating to preeclampsia might serve as a compensatory function to properly maintain uteroplacental perfusion and fetal development during pregnancy. 

Keywords

• Preeclampsia,Atrial Natriuretic Peptide,C-Type Natriuretic Peptide,Placenta,Pregnancy

Sağlıklı ve Pre-Eklampsili İnsan Plasentasında Atrial Natriüretik Peptid ve C-Tip Natriüretik Peptidin İmmunolokalizasyonu

Abstract

Gebelik, büyümekte olan fötüsün sürekli kan ihtiyacının karşılanması için maternal damar sisteminde önemli değişimlerin meydana gelmesini tetiklemektedir. Natriüretik peptidler, birçok organ tarafından salgılanan hormonlardır. Pre-eklampsi, maternal plazma natriüretik peptid seviyelerindeki artış ile ilişkilidir ve plazma natriüretik peptid düzeyleri, pre-eklampsinin tahmin edilmesinde yeni biyokimyasal belirteçler olarak kullanılmaktadır. Burada sağlıklı ve pre-eklampsili insan plasentalarında atrial natriüretik peptid (ANP) ve C-tip natriüretik peptidin (CNP) immunohistakimyasal dağılımını belirlemeyi amaçladık. Pre-eklampsili ve sağlıklı insan plasentalarının maternal ve fötal kısımlarından alınan doku örnekleri rutin doku işleme sürecinden geçirilmiştir. ANP ve CNP ekspresyonunu göstermek için poli-lizinli lamlar üzerine alınan kesitlere avidin-biyotin-peroksidaz kompleks yöntemi uygulanmıştır. İmmunohistokimya, fetal ve maternal dokulardaki ANP ve CNP immunoreaktivitesini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Pre-eklampsili grubun fötal tarafındaki amniyon epitelinde, fötal kan damarlarında, villöz sinsitiyotrofoblast hücrelerinde, villöz damar endotel hücrelerinde ve düz kas hücrelerinde sağlıklı gruba göre güçlü ANP ve CNP immunoreaktivitesi saptanmıştır. Maternal tarafındaki desidual hücrelerde ise sağlıklı grubuna nazaran daha zayıf ANP ve CNP immunoreaktivitesi gözlendi. Bu sonuçlar, pre-eklampsili ile ilgili olarak artan ANP ve CNP ekspresyonunun gebelik sürecinde utero-plasental perfüzyon ve fötal gelişimin uygun bir şekilde devam etmesi için telafi edici bir fonksiyon görebileceğini akla getirmektedir. 

Keywords

• Pre-eklampsi,Atrial Natriüretik Peptid,C-Tip Natriüretik Peptid,Plasenta,Gebelik

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