Morphological Determination of the Effect of Nitric Oxide on Egg Embryo Development

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine the effect of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a nitric oxide (NO) exogenous donor, and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a NO inhibitor, on the development of chicken embryos by injected into the egg. A total of 210 hatching fertilized chicken eggs used into control, Sham control (SC), serum physiological (SP) and treatment groups containing 30 eggs. The air space of the remaining eggs was pierced at the beginning of the incubation, whereas the eggs in the control group were not subjected to any application (negative control). The SC group of the drilled eggs was immediately closed with paraffin. After the SP group was called a positive control, 50 and 200 mg/kg SNP respectively and L-NAME solutions at the same levels were injected into the hole opened to the air space into the experimental groups consisting of the remaining eggs. The eggs were opened on some days 7th and 14th of the embryonic period and the following parameters of each group were determined: Relative embryo weights, weights and lengths of the embryos (on days 7th and 14th), hatching weight, hatching length, hatching rate and embryonal deaths (on day 21st). The results showed that the relative embryo weight and embryo length on the days 7th and 14th of the hatching and the hatching weight on the day 21st of the hatching were not affected by injection of SNP and L-NAME (P>0.05). Hatching rate on the day 21st was highest in the L-NAME50 group, whereas this rate was lowest in the SNP200 group (P<0.05). Hatching length increased in the L-NAME200 group (P<0.05). It was observed that NO was functional in embryonic development of poultry, and the increase in its metabolism decreased in the hatching rate increasing embryonal death.

Keywords

• Chicken embryo
• Embryotoxicity
• L-NAME
• SNP

Nitrik Oksidin Yumurta Embriyosu Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisinin Morfolojik Olarak Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Bu araştırma, nitrik oksidin (NO’nun) ekzojen donörü sodyum nitroprussid (SNP) ve NO inhibitörü N-nitro-L-Arjinin metil esterin (L-NAME’in) yumurtaya enjeksiyon yapılarak kanatlı embriyonal gelişimi üzerinde oluşturduğu etkisini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı. Araştırmada toplam 210 adet kuluçkalık döllü tavuk yumurtası her biri 30 yumurtadan oluşan kontrol, Sham kontrol (SK), serum fizyolojik (SF) ve deneme gruplarında kullanıldı. Kontrol grubundaki yumurtalara hiçbir uygulama yapılmazken (negatif kontrol), geri kalan yumurtaların kuluçka başlangıcında hava kamarası delindi. Delinen yumurtalardan SK grubu hemen parafinle kapatıldı. SF grubu pozitif kontrol olarak adlandırıldıktan sonra geriye kalan yumurtaların oluşturduğu deneme gruplarına sırasıyla 50 ve 200 mg/kg SNP ve aynı düzeylerde L-NAME solüsyonları hava kamarasına açılan deliğe enjekte edildi. Embriyonik dönemin 7 ve 14. günlerinde yumurtalar açılarak gruplarda rölatif embriyo ağırlığı ve embriyo uzunluğu (7. ve 14. günlerde) ile çıkım ağırlığı, çıkım uzunluğu, çıkım oranı ve embriyonal ölümler (21. günde) belirlendi. Kuluçkanın 7. ve 14. günlerindeki rölatif embriyo ağırlığı ve embriyo uzunluğu değerleri ile 21. güne ait çıkım ağırlığının SNP ve L-NAME enjeksiyonundan etkilenmediği görüldü (P>0.05). Araştırmada 21. gününe ait çıkım oranı L-NAME50 grubunda en yüksek iken, SNP200 grubunda en düşük olarak belirlendi (P<0.05). Çıkım uzunluğunun L-NAME200 grubunda arttığı tespit edildi (P<0.05). Sonuç olarak, NO’nun kanatlılarda embriyonal gelişimde fonksiyonel olmakla birlikte metabolizmasındaki artışın embriyonel ölümü artırarak kuluçka çıkım oranını azalttığı görüldü.

Keywords

• Embriyotoksisite
• , L-NAME
• SNP
• Tavuk embriyosu

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