The Hidden Potential of Herbal Remedies and Neutraceuticals in Canine and Feline Behavioural Disorders

Year 2022, , 36 - 41, 27.03.2022

Umut Burak Ağan , Saba Hosseinpour Raouf , Büşra Uzun , Yücel Meral

https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.955081

Abstract

Veterinary practitioners may encounter a wide variety of behaviorual problems such as aggresion, anxiety, compulsive behaviours, inappropriate elimination and cognitive dysfunction in daily practice. With the advance of scientific researches regarding usage of herbs and nutraceuticals in order to treat these behavioural problems, veterinarians and animal owners look for reliable sources to gain knowladge about that therapeutics. As elucidated by many published researches, neurotransmitters such as GABA, serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine act in pathology of many psychiatric disorders and most of the modern drugs show their mechanism of action by regulating these neurochemicals. There is increasing evidence that herbal extracts and nutraceuticals act in a similiar way with the conventional therapeutics however, lots of conventional medicines have remarkable side effect unlike herbal and nutraceutical therapeutics. Despite the increasing number of studies, the mechanism of action of these therapeutics has not been fully elucidated. This review aims to introduce recent scientific knowledge on herbal and nutraceutical remedies, that may be alternative treatment models in dog and cat behavioural problems.

Keywords

Behavioral Disorders, Herbal, Serotonin, Dietary Supplements

Kedi ve Köpeklerin Davranış Bozukluklarında Bitkisel Remedilerin ve Nutrasötiklerin Gizli Potansiyeli

Abstract

Veteriner Hekimler günlük pratikte agresyon, anksiyete, kompulsif davranışlar, uygunsuz eliminasyon ve bilişsel işlev bozukluğu gibi çok çeşitli davranışsal problemlerle karşılaşmaktadırlar. Bu davranış problemlerini tedavi etmek için bitkisel remedilerin ve nutrasötiklerin kullanımına ilişkin bilimsel çalışmaların ilerlemesiyle, Veteriner Hekimler ve hayvan sahipleri bu terapötikler hakkında bilgi edinmek için güvenilir kaynaklar aramaktadır. GABA, serotonin, dopamin ve norepinefrin gibi nörotransmitterler birçok psikiyatrik bozukluğun patolojisinde rol oynar ve modern ilaçların çoğu bu nörokimyasalları düzenleyerek etki mekanizmalarını gösterirler. Bitkisel ekstraktlar ve nutrasötiklerin geleneksel terapötiklerle benzer şekilde etki ettiğine dair artan kanıtlar vardır, ancak birçok geleneksel ilacın bitkisel ve nutrasötik terapötiklerin aksine dikkate değer yan etkileri vardır. Artan sayıda çalışmaya rağmen, bu terapötiklerin etki mekanizması tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu derleme, köpeklerin ve kedilerin davranış problemlerinde alternatif tedavi modeli olabilecek bitkisel ve nutrasötik remedilerle ilgili güncel bilimsel verileri tanıtmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Keywords

Bitkisel, Davranış Bozuklukları, Serotonin, Diyet Ürünleri

References

• Alex A, Srivastava A (2019). Nutraceuticals for Calming and Stress. Gupta RC, Srivastava A, Lall R (Ed). Nutraceuticals in Veterinary Medicine, 417-425, Springer, Switzerland.
• Araujo JA, Landsberg GM, Milgram NW, Miolo A (2008). Improvement of short-term memory performance in aged beagles by a nutraceutical supplement containing phosphatidylserine, Ginkgo biloba, vitamin E, and pyridoxine. Can Vet J, 49 (4), 379-385.
• Ayati Z, Sarris J, Chang D, Emami SA, Rahimi R (2020). Herbal medicines and phytochemicals for obsessive–compulsive disorder. Phytother Res, 34 (8), 1889-1901.
• Beata C, Beaumont-graff E, Diaz C et al. (2007). Effects of alpha-casozepine (Zylkene) versus selegiline hydrochloride (Selgian, Anipryl) on anxiety disorders in dogs. J Vet Behav, 2 (5), 175-183.
• Beulens JWJ, Bindels JG, De GraafC, Alles MS, Wouters-Wesseling W (2004). Alpha-lactalbumin combined with a regular diet increases plasma Trp-LNAA ratio. Physiol Behav, 81 (4), 585-593.
• Binks J, Taylor S, Wills A, Montrose VT (2018). The behavioural effects of olfactory stimulation on dogs at a rescue shelter. Appl Anim Behav Sci, 202, 69-76.
• Bol S, Caspers J, Buckingham L et al. (2017). Responsiveness of cats (Felidae) to silver vine (Actinidia polygama), Tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica), valerian (Valeriana officinalis) and catnip (Nepeta cataria). BMC Vet Res, 13 (1), 1-15.
• Cane NEL, Pilota S, Colangeli R et al. (2005). Di Un Nutraceutico Neuroprotettivo Contenente Fosfatidilserina E Ginkgo Biloba Sui Segni Clinici Di Invecchiamento Cerebrale. 2005(October), 13-18.
• Ceremuga TE, Valdivieso D, Kenner C et al. (2015). Evaluation of the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of asiatic acid, a compound from Gotu kola or Centella asiatica, in the male Sprague Dawley rat. AANA J, 83 (2), 91-98.
• Corsetti S, Borruso S, Malandrucco L et al. (2021). Cannabis sativa L. may reduce aggressive behaviour towards humans in shelter dogs. Sci Rep, 11 (1), 1-10.
• Della Rocca G, Di Salvo A (2020). Hemp in Veterinary Medicine: From Feed to Drug. Front Vet Sci, 7 (387), 1-11.
• Didehban N, Pourmahdi Borujeni M, Avizeh, R, Mosallanejad B (2020). Problematic behaviors in companion dogs: A survey of their prevalence and associated factors. J Vet Behav, 39, 6-13.
• Eritja R (2014). Natural Product Communications: Preface. Nat Prod Commun, 9 (8).
• Farhana KM, Malueka RG, Wibowo S, Gofir A (2016). Effectiveness of Gotu Kola Extract 750 mg and 1000 mg Compared with Folic Acid 3 mg in Improving Vascular Cognitive Impairment after Stroke. Evid-based Complement Altern, 2016, 2795915.
• Fonseca LRd, Rodrigues R de A, Ramos A de S et al. (2020). Herbal Medicinal Products from Passiflora for Anxiety: An Unexploited Potential. Sci World J, 2020, 6598434.
• Gohil KJ, Patel JJ (2010). A review on Bacopa monniera: Current research and future prospects. Int J Green Pharm, 4 (1), 1–9.
• Goodwin S, Reynolds H (2018). Can aromatherapy be used to reduce anxiety in hospitalised felines. The Veterinary Nurse, 9 (3), 167-171.
• Ioniță R, Postu PA, Cioancă O et al. (2019). Anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of matricaria chamomilla hydroalcoholic extract in a rat model of scopolamine. Farmacia, 67 (1), 68-72.
• Janda K, Wojtkowska K, Jakubczyk K, Antoniewicz J, Skonieczna-żydecka K (2020). Passiflora incarnata in neuropsychiatric disorders-a systematic review. Nutrients, 12 (12), 1-17.
• Kaur H, Singla A, Singh S, Shilwant S, Kaur R (2020). Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Canine Health: A Review. Int j curr microbiol, 9 (3), 2283-2293.
• Lipnik-Štangelj M, Razinger B (2020). A regulatory take on cannabis and cannabinoids for medicinal use in the European Union. Arhiv Za Higijenu Rada i Toksikologiju, 71 (1), 12-18.
• Liu R, Ahmed F, Cayer C et al. (2017). New Botanical Anxiolytics for Use in Companion Animals and Humans. AAPS J, 19 (6), 1626-1631.
• Masic A, Landsberg G, Milgram B et al. (2021). Efficacy of Souroubea-Platanus Dietary Supplement Containing Triterpenes in Beagle Dogs Using a Thunderstorm Noise-Induced Model of Fear and Anxiety. Molecules, 26 (7), 2049.
• Meizhu Z, Yuqiu L, Dongfang S, Chunming L, Jimin Z (2014). Antidepressant-like effects of flavonoids extracted from Apocynum venetum leaves in mice: the involvement of monoaminergic system in mice. Afr J Pharmacy Pharmacol, 8 (29), 765-774.
• Milgram NW, Landsberg G, Merrick D, Underwood MY (2015). A novel mechanism for cognitive enhancement in aged dogs with the use of a calcium-buffering protein. J Vet Behav, 10 (3), 217-222.
• Mosallanejad B, Najafzadeh Varzi H, Avizeh R, Pourmahdi M, Khalili F (2015). Comparative evaluation between hypericin (hypiran) and fluoxetine in treatment of companion dogs with tail chasing. Vet Res Forum, 6 (2), 167-172.
• Nandhini S, Narayanan KB, Ilango K (2018). Valeriana Officinalis: a Review of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. J Pharm Clin Res, 11 (1), 36.
• Ng QX, Venkatanarayanan N, Ho CYX (2017). Clinical use of Hypericum perforatum (St John’s wort) in depression: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord, 210, 211–221.
• Orlando JM (2018). Behavioral Nutraceuticals and Diets. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 48 (3), 473-495.
• Orosco M, Rouch C, Beslot F et al. (2004). Alpha-lactalbumin-enriched diets enhance serotonin release and induce anxiolytic and rewarding effects in the rat. Behav Brain Res, 148 (1–2), 1-10.
• Pan Y, Larson B, Araujo JA et al. (2010). Dietary supplementation with medium-chain TAG has long-lasting cognition-enhancing effects in aged dogs. Br J Nutr, 103 (12), 1746-1754.
• Peng WH, Hsieh MT, Lee YS, Lin YC, Liao J (2000). Anxiolytic effect of seed of Ziziphus jujuba in mouse models of anxiety. J Ethnopharmacol, 72 (3), 435-441.
• Rahmati B, Kiasalari Z, Roghani M, Khalili M, Ansari F (2017). Antidepressant and anxiolytic activity of Lavandula officinalis aerial parts hydroalcoholic extract in scopolamine-treated rats. Pharm Biol, 55 (1), 958-965.
• Russo A, Borrelli F (2005). Bacopa monniera, a reputed nootropic plant: An overview. Phytomedicine, 12 (4), 305-317.
• Saeed M, Naveed M, Arif M et al. (2017). Green tea (Camellia sinensis) and L-theanine: Medicinal values and beneficial applications in humans—A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother, 95 (September), 1260-1275.
• Savage K, Firth J, Stough C, Sarris J (2018). GABA-modulating phytomedicines for anxiety: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical evidence. Phytother Res, 32 (1), 3-18.
• Sechi S, Fiore F, Cocco R et al. (2017). Effects in dogs with behavioural disorders of a commercial nutraceutical diet on stress and neuroendocrine parameters. Vet Rec, 180 (1), 18.
• Seibert LM, Landsberg GM (2008). Diagnosis and Management of Patients Presenting with Behavior Problems. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract, 38 (5), 937-950.
• Singh SK, Srivastav S, Castellani RJ, Plascencia-Villa G, Perry G (2019). Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Effect of Ginkgo biloba Extract Against AD and Other Neurological Disorders. Neurother, 16 (3), 666-674.
• Sordo L, Gunn-Moore DA (2021). Cognitive Dysfunction in Cats: Update on Neuropathological and Behavioural Changes Plus Clinical Management. Vet Rec, 188 (1), 30-41.
• Tabach R, Rodrigues E, Carlini EA (2009). Preclinical toxicological assessment of a phytotherapeutic product – CPV (based on dry extracts of Crataegus oxyacantha L., Passiflora incarnata L., and Valeriana officinalis L.). Phytother Res, 23, 33-40.
• Van Haaften KA, Grigg EK, Kolus C, Hart L, Kogan LR (2020). A survey of dog owners’ perceptions on the use of psychoactive medications and alternatives for the treatment of canine behavior problems. J Vet Behav, 35, 27-33.
• Vollala VR, Upadhya S, Nayak S (2010). Effect of Bacopa monniera Linn. (brahmi) extract on learning and memory in rats: A behavioral study. J Vet Behav, 5 (2), 69-74.
• Wynn SG, Fougère B (2007). Veterinary herbal medicine. Elsevier Health Sciences, Missouri.
• Yoo DY, Choi JH, Kim W et al. (2011). Effects of Melissa officinalis L. (Lemon Balm) extract on neurogenesis associated with serum corticosterone and GABA in the mouse dentate gyrus. Neurochem Res, 36 (2), 250-257.
• Zhang ZJ (2004). Therapeutic effects of herbal extracts and constituents in animal models of psychiatric disorders. Life Sci, 75 (14), 1659-1699.