Buzağılarda İnfeksiyöz Keratokonjunktivitisin Tedavisinde Antibiyoterapi ve Dimetilsülfoksit Kombinasyonunun Kullanılması

Year 2018, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 33 - 38, 30.04.2018

Semih Altan Simten Yeşilmen Alp Eylem Bektaş Bilgiç

Abstract

Sığırların infeksiyöz keratokonjunktivitis’i (IBK), çoğunlukla yaz aylarında gözlenen ve erken dönemde tedavi edilmediği takdirde gözlerde görme kaybına neden olabilen bulaşıcı karakterde enfeksiyöz bir göz hastalığıdır. Bu hastalığın tedavisinde hastalığın gidişatına göre parenteral ve lokal uygulamaların yapılması önerilmektedir. Bu çalışmada IBK tedavisinde parenteral bir antibiyotik ile subkonjunktival (SK) antibiyotik ve farklı iki antiinflamatuvar ilacın kombine uygulanması ile iyileştirici etkinliklerinin karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada doğal enfekte IBK’lı 12 buzağı kullanıldı. Hayvanlarda gözyaşı akıntısı, blefarospazm, fotofobi ile birlikte değişik derecelerde konjunktivitis, korneal opasite, ülser ve perforasyon bulguları tespit edildi. Etken analizi için hayvanların gözlerinden alınan sürüntü örneklerinin 5’inde M. bovis, 1’inde S. aureus, 1’inde hem M. bovishem de E. coli, 1‘inde hem M. bovishem de S. aureus, 1’inde hem E. colihem de S. aureusizole edilirken 3 gözde ise herhangi bir etken izole edilmedi. Buzağılara tek doz Oksitetrasiklin LA (20 mg/kg, IM) uygulandıktan sonra rastgele her bir grupta 6 hayvan olacak şekilde 2 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba, %40’lık dimetilsülfoksit +penisilin G 800.000 IU karışımı SK verilirken, ikinici gruba ise deksametazon+penisilin G 800.000 IU karışımı SK olarak verildi. Uygulamalara 3 gün arayla 4 kez devam edildi. Tedavi sonunda 2 vaka dışında tamamının iyileştiği saptandı. İyileşme süreleri açısından iki grup arasında herhangi bir farklılık gözlenmedi. Sonuç olarak IBK olgularında deksametazona alternatif olarak %40’lık dimetilsülfoksitin tedavi kombinasyonunda kullanılabileceği kanısına varıldı

Keywords

Buzağı, Dimetilsülfoksit, IBK, Moraxella bovis, Tedavi

The Use of Combination of Antibiotherapy and Dimetylsulphoxide in The Treatment of Infectious Keratoconjunctivitis in Calves

Abstract

Infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle is a contagious infectious eye disease that is mostly observed in the summer months and can cause vision loss if it is not treated in early stages. In the treatment of this disease; it is advised to be perform both parenteral and local administrations according to the progression of the disease. The purpose of this study is to compare efficiencies of a parenteral antibiotic combined with subconjunctival (SC) antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug combination. In the study, IBK natural infected with 12 calves were used. Together with lacrimation, blepharospasm, photophobia; conjunctivitis at varying stages, corneal opacity, ulcer and perforation symptoms were determined in the animals. For bacterial agent analysis; in the swab samples were collected from the eyes of the animals, while M. bovisin 5 eyes, S.Aureusin 1 eye, both M. bovisand E. coliin 1 eye and both E. coliand S. aureusin 1 eye were isolated, any agent was not isolated in 3 eyes. After the single dose oxytetracycline LA (20 mg/kg IM) was administered, the animals were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups, each of which consisted of 6 eyes. While 40% dimethylsulphoxide + penicillin G 800.000 IU mixture via SC was given to the group 1, dexamethasone + penicillin G 800.000 IU mixture via SC was given to the group 2. These administrations were repeated 4 times at 3-day intervals. At the end of the treatment, it was determined that except for the 2 cases, all the cases completely recovered. There were no differences between the two groups in terms of recovery time. As a consequence, dimethylsulphoxide could be used in the treatment combination with penicillin G as an alternative to dexamethasone in the IBK cases.

Keywords

Calf, Dimethylsulphoxide, IBK, Moraxella bovis, Treatment

References

• Abu Samra MT, Shuaib YS, Ryhan MIM, Bayomi MBM, Mohamed AOA, Ali AAN, Mohamed AEA, (2016). Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in Al-silaite area, Khartoum state. Sch J Agric Vet Sci, 3(3), 227-233. Abdullah FFJ, Adamu L, Osman AY, Haron AW, Saharee AA (2013). Clinical management of stage III infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis associated with Staphylococcus aureus in a dairy cow: A case report. IOSR J Agric Vet Sci, 4, 69-73. Abeynayake P, Cooper BS (1989). The concentration of penicillin in bovine conjunctival sac fluid as it pertains to the treatment of Moraxella bovis infection. (I) Subconjunctival injection. J Vet Pharmacol Ther, 12, 25–30. Alio JL, Ayala MJ, Mulet ME, Artola A, Ruiz JM (1994). Topical treatment of experimental acute corneal inflammation by dexamethasone and nonsteroidal drug. Ophthalmic Res 26, 87-94. Allen LJ, George LW, Willits NH (1995). Effectof penicillin or penicillin and dexamethasone in cattle with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 206, 1200-1203. Altan S, Oğurtan Z (2017). Dimethyl sulfoxide but not indomethacin is efficient for healing in hydrofluoric acid eye burns. Burns, 43(1), 232-244. Angelos JA, (2015). Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (Pinkeye). Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract, 31, 61-79. Balicki I (2007). The use of dexamethasone and dimethyl sulfoxide for chronic superficial keratitis treatment in dogs. Proceeding book ECVO meeting. Vet Ophthalmol, 10, 323-335. Balicki I, (2008). Application of dimethyl sulfoxide and cyclosporine in long-term treatment of chronic superficial keratitis in dogs. Proceeding book ECVO meeting. Vet Ophthalmol, 12, 61-70. Brayton CF (1986). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO): A review. Cornell Vet, 76, 61-90. Brown MH, Brightman AH, Fenwick BW, Rider MA (1998). Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a review, J Vet Intern Med, 12, 259–266. Cullen JN, Yuan C, Totton S, Dzikamunhenga R, Coetzee JF, da Silva N, Wang C, O'Connor AM, (2016). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the antibiotic treatment for infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: an update. Anim Health Res Rev, 17(1), 60-75. DeBower D, Thompson JR (1997). Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Iowa State University Veterinarian, 59, 20-24. George LW (1990). Antibiotic treatment of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Cornell Vet, 80, 229-235. Gümüşsoy KS, Kibar M, Şahna K, Abay S (2006). İnfeksiyöz bovine keratokonjunktivitisin tedavisinde florfenikol ve sefuroksim sodyum uygulaması. Erciyes Üniv Vet Fak Derg 3(1), 29-35. Işık N (2008). İnfeksiyöz bovine keratokonjuktivitisli sığırlarda moraxella bovis’in izolasyonu. Dicle Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 1 (1), 17-22. Jacob SW, Herschler R (1986). Pharmacology of DMSO. Cryobiology, 23, 14-27. Kibar M, Gümüşsoy KS, Öztürk A (2006). Evaluation of various antibiotic treatments in calves with infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis. Turkish J Vet Sci, 30, 553-559. Laria C, Alio JL, Ruiz-Moreno JM (1997). Combined non-steroidal therapy in experimental corneal injury. Ophthalmic Res, 29, 145-153. Loy JD, Brodersen BW (2014). Moraxella spp. isolated from field outbreaks of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis: a retrospective study of case submissions from 2010 to 2013. J Vet Diagn Invest, 26, 761-768. McConnel CS, Shum L, House JK (2007). Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis antimicrobial therapy. Aust Vet J, 85, 65–69. Okumuş Z, Kireçci E, Kısa F, Kaya M (2005). Screening conjunctival bacterial flora and antibiogram tests in cattle. J Anim Vet Adv, 4, 845-847. Oury MP, Scharko P, Johns J (2002). Pinkeye in cattle. Kentucky Cooperative Extension Services, p.135. Sancak İG (2012). Enfeksiyöz sığır keratokonjunktivitisi (IBK). Çiftlik Hayvanları Oftalmolojisi. In “Temel Veteriner Oftalmoloji”, Ed; Gelat KN, Avki S, Sancak İG, Medipress Matbaacılık, Malatya, Türkiye. Snowder GD, Van Vleck LD, Cundiff LV, Bennett GL (2005). Genetic and environmental factors associated with incidence of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis in preweaned beef calves. J Anim Sci, 83, 507-518. Whittier WD, Currin J, Currin N (2009). Pinkeye in Beef Cattle. https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/content/dam/pubs_ext_vt_edu/400/400-750/400-750_pdf.pdf, Erişim tarihi; 15.08.2017. Yazar E, Traş B, Elmas M (2016). Veteriner İlaç. 2. Baskı, Olgun-Çelik Ofset, Konya, Türkiye.