Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

ÖĞRENMENİN OLDUĞU YER: Mecazlar ve Planlama Grubunda Yerleşik Öğrenme

Year 2009, Issue: 1, 91 - 110, 01.02.2009

Abstract

Örgütsel Öğrenme, bilgi ve bilme ile ilgili örgütsel süreçleri düzenleyen temel mecazdır. Bir örgütte (belediyede) aracılık yapan davranışsal öğrenme planlama, grubun üst düzey öğreniminde çeşitli mecazların rol oynadığını gözleme sırasında gelişme sağlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı; mevcut bilgiyi ortaya çıkarma ve ifade etmede dilin rolünü ve mecazların dil bilimsel veya zihinsel araçlar olarak değil, sonradan oluşturulmuş örgütle ilgili yapılarla yorumlamasını araştırmaktır. Mecazların anlaşılması, her zaman yaratıcı bir çabayı gerektirir. Mecazlar hem öğrenmeyi kolaylaştırmada hem de öğrenilenleri somut olarak ortaya koymada yardımcıdırlar. Mecazlar dilin hayal gücünün ürünleri olarak anlama yaklaşımı, mecazlar arasındaki “anlamaya yarayan” ya da “üretimsel olan” mecazlar şeklindeki geleneksel ayrımı yıkar.

References

  • •• ALVESSON, M., Organization as Rhetoric: Knowledge-Intensive Firms and the Struggle with Ambiguity, Journal of Management Studies, 1993, 30(1), 997-1016
  • •• ALVESSON, M. & BERG P.O., Corporate Culture and Organizational Symbolism, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1992
  • •• BARKER, P., Using Metaphors in Psychotherapy, New York: Brunner/ Mazzel Publishers, 1985
  • •• BLACK, M., Models and Metaphor, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1962
  • •• BLACKLER, F. Knowledge and the Theory of Organizations: Organizations as Activity Systems and the Reframing of Management, Journal of Management Studies, 1993, 30(6), 863-84
  • •• BROWN, J. & DUGUID, P., Organizational Learning and Communities of Practice: Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning and Bureaucratization, Organization Science, 1991, 2(1), 40-57
  • •• BROWN, R.H., Social Theory as Metaphor, Theory and Society, 1976, 3, 57-69, Bruner, S. The Act of Discovery, Harvard Educational Review, 1961, 31, 21-32
  • •• CARMAGNOLA, F., Metafore e Apprendimento Organizzativo, Sviluppo e Organizzazione, 1996, 153, 15-31
  • •• CLEGG, S. & HARDY, C., Organizations, Organization and Organizing, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996, pp. 1-28
  • •• COOK, S. & YANOW, D., Culture and Organizational Learning, Journal of Management Inquiry, 1993, 2(4), 373-90
  • •• COSTA, G. & DE MARTINO, S., Management Pubblico, Milano: Etas Libri, 1985. Davidson, D. What Metaphors Mean, Critical Inquiry, 1978, 5, 31-47
  • •• DEETZ, S.A., Metaphors and the Discursive Production and Reproduction of Organizations, In L. Thayer (Ed.), Organization-Communication: Emerging Perspectives, Norwood: Ablex, 1986, pp. 168-82
  • •• EASTERBY-SMITH, M., SNELL, R. & GHERARDI, S., Organizational Learning and Learning Organization: Diverging Communities of Practice? Management Learning, 1998, 29(3), 259-72
  • •• GAGLIARDI, P., Artifacts as Pathways and Remains of Organizational Life, In P. Gagliardi (Ed.), Symbols and Artifacts: Views of the Corporate Landscape, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1990, pp. 3-37
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Conoscere Ed Intervenire Nella Pubblica Amministrazione Secondo Un Approccio Simbolico, Rivista Trimestrale Di Scienza deH’Amministrazione, 1995a, 15(1), 211-39
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Organizational Learning, In M. Warner (Ed.), International encyclopedia of business and management. London: Routledge, 1995b, pp. 3934-42
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Competence -- The Symbolic Passe-Partout to Change - In a Learning Organization, Scandinavian Journal of Management, 1998, 14(4), 373-93
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Learning as Problem-Driven or Learning in the Face of Mystery? Organization Studies, 1999, 20(1), 101-24
  • •• GHERARDI, S. & NICOLINI, D., The Circulation of Organizational Knowledge, Paper Presented at the Conference, Organizational Learning: Moving from Theory to Research, The George Washinton University, 1998
  • •• GOFFMAN, E., Where the Action is, In E. Goffman, Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face to Face Behavior, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967 pp. 74-87
  • •• GOFFMAN, E., Frame Analysis, New York: Harper and Row, 1974
  • •• GOODMAN, N., Metaphor as Moonlighting, In S. Sacks (Ed.), On Metaphor, Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press, 1978 pp. 56-69
  • •• KARPIK, L., Organizations, Institutions and History, In M. Zey Ferrel and M. Aiken (Eds), Complex Organizations, Glenview, IL: Scott Foreman, 1981 pp. 35-43
  • •• LAKOFF, G. & JOHNSON, M., Metaphors We Live by, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1980
  • •• LATOUR, B., ‘The Power of Association’, In J. Law (Ed.), Power, Action and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge? London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986 pp. 264-80
  • •• LAVE, J. & WENGER, E., Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991
  • •• LEVITT, B. & MARCH J.G., Organizational Learning, Annual Review of Sociology, 1988, 14,319-40
  • •• MCCOURT, W., Discussion Note: Using Metaphors to Understand and to Change Organizations: A Critique of Gareth Morgan’s Approach, Organization Studies, 1997, 18(3), 511-22
  • •• MORGAN, C., Images of Organizations, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1986/1997
  • •• MORGAN, G. & RAMIREZ, R., Action Learning: A Holographic Metaphor for Guiding Social Change, Human Relations, 1983, 37, 1-28
  • •• NICOLINI, D. & MEZNAR, M., The Social Construction of Organizational Learning, Human Relations, 1995, 48(7), 727-46
  • •• NONAKA, I., A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation, Organization Science, 1994, 5(1), 59-74
  • •• NONAKA, I. & KONNO, N., The Concept of ‘Ba1: Building a Foundation for Knowledge Creation, California Management Review, 1998, 40(3), 1-14
  • •• ORTONY, A., (Ed.) Metaphor and Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979
  • •• PEPPER, C., World Hypotheses, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1942
  • •• PETTIGREW, A., On Studying Organizational Culture, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1979, 24(2), 570-81
  • •• POLANYI, M., Personal Knowledge, London: Routledge, 1958, Polanyi, M
  • The Tacit Dimension, New York: Anchor Books, 1967
  • •• PUTNAM, L., PHILLIPS, N. & CHAPMAN P., Metaphors of Communication and Organization, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996 pp. 375-408
  • •• RICHARDS, J.A., The Philosophy of Rhetoric, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936
  • •• SACKMANN, S., The Role of Metaphors in Organization Transformation, Human Relations, 1989, 42(10), 463-85
  • •• SCHON, D., Generative Metaphor, A Perspective on Problem Setting in Social Policy, In A. Ortony. (Ed.), Metaphor and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979 pp. 44-56
  • •• SMIRCICH, L., Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1983, 28(3), 339-58
  • •• SPARROW, J., Knowledge in Organizations, London: Sage, 1998
  • •• SRIVASTVA, S. & BARRETT, F., The Transforming Nature of Metaphors in Group Development: A Study in Group Theory, Human Relations, 1988, 41(1), 31-64
  • •• STRATI, A., Organizational Symbolism as a Social Construction: A Perspective from the Sociology of Knowledge, Human Relations, 1998, 51(11), 1379-402
  • •• TRICE, H.M. & BEYER, J., Studying Organizational Cultures Through Rites and Ceremonials, Academy of Management Review, 1984, 9(4), 653-69 •• TSOUKAS, H., The Missing Link: A Transformational View of Metaphors on Organizational Science, Academy of Management Review, 1991, 16(3), 566-85
  • •• TURNER, B.A., Rethinking Organizations: Organizational Learning in the Nineties, Paper Presented to the EFMD Research Conference, Isida, Palermo, 9 October 1991, pp. 9-11
  • •• VAUX, J., Social Groups and Discursive Communities: Context and Audience in the Explanatory Practices of the Artificial Intelligence (Al) Community, Paper Presented at The Transformation of Knowledge conference, University of Surrey, 12 January 1999, pp. 12-13
  • •• WATZLAWICK, P., BEAVIN, J. & JACKSON D., Pragmatics of Human Communication, New York: Norton, 1967
  • •• WEICK, K., Educational Organizations as Loosely Coupled Systems, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1976, 21(2), 1-19
  • •• WEICK, K., The Nontraditional Quality of Organizational Learning, Organization Science, 1991,2(1), 116-24
  • •• WEICK, K., Sensemaking in Organizations, Beverly Hills, GA: Sage, 1995
  • •• WEICK, K. & WESTLEY, F., Organizational Learning: Affirming an Oxymoron, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996, pp. 440-58
  • •• WENGER, E., Communities of Practice, Learning, Meaning and Identity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998
  • •• WITKIN, R., The Intelligence of Feeling, London: Heinemann, 1974

ÖĞRENMENİN OLDUĞU YER: Mecazlar ve Planlama Grubunda Yerleşik Öğrenme

Year 2009, Issue: 1, 91 - 110, 01.02.2009

Abstract

Organizational learning is a root metaphor which sets organizational processes in relation to knowledge and knowing. An action-learning intervention in a municipality provides the stage for observing several metaphors at work in advancing learning within the planning group. The aim of the paper is to explore the role of language in producing and expressing situated knowledge and to further the interpretation of metaphors as organizational artifacts instead of linguistic or mental materials. The understanding of metaphors is always a creative endeavour, and metaphors can be both facilitators of learning and the tangible manifestation of something learnt. Understanding metaphors as the dreamwork of language collapses the traditional distinction among metaphors either as heuristic or generative.

References

  • •• ALVESSON, M., Organization as Rhetoric: Knowledge-Intensive Firms and the Struggle with Ambiguity, Journal of Management Studies, 1993, 30(1), 997-1016
  • •• ALVESSON, M. & BERG P.O., Corporate Culture and Organizational Symbolism, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1992
  • •• BARKER, P., Using Metaphors in Psychotherapy, New York: Brunner/ Mazzel Publishers, 1985
  • •• BLACK, M., Models and Metaphor, Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1962
  • •• BLACKLER, F. Knowledge and the Theory of Organizations: Organizations as Activity Systems and the Reframing of Management, Journal of Management Studies, 1993, 30(6), 863-84
  • •• BROWN, J. & DUGUID, P., Organizational Learning and Communities of Practice: Toward a Unified View of Working, Learning and Bureaucratization, Organization Science, 1991, 2(1), 40-57
  • •• BROWN, R.H., Social Theory as Metaphor, Theory and Society, 1976, 3, 57-69, Bruner, S. The Act of Discovery, Harvard Educational Review, 1961, 31, 21-32
  • •• CARMAGNOLA, F., Metafore e Apprendimento Organizzativo, Sviluppo e Organizzazione, 1996, 153, 15-31
  • •• CLEGG, S. & HARDY, C., Organizations, Organization and Organizing, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996, pp. 1-28
  • •• COOK, S. & YANOW, D., Culture and Organizational Learning, Journal of Management Inquiry, 1993, 2(4), 373-90
  • •• COSTA, G. & DE MARTINO, S., Management Pubblico, Milano: Etas Libri, 1985. Davidson, D. What Metaphors Mean, Critical Inquiry, 1978, 5, 31-47
  • •• DEETZ, S.A., Metaphors and the Discursive Production and Reproduction of Organizations, In L. Thayer (Ed.), Organization-Communication: Emerging Perspectives, Norwood: Ablex, 1986, pp. 168-82
  • •• EASTERBY-SMITH, M., SNELL, R. & GHERARDI, S., Organizational Learning and Learning Organization: Diverging Communities of Practice? Management Learning, 1998, 29(3), 259-72
  • •• GAGLIARDI, P., Artifacts as Pathways and Remains of Organizational Life, In P. Gagliardi (Ed.), Symbols and Artifacts: Views of the Corporate Landscape, Berlin: De Gruyter, 1990, pp. 3-37
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Conoscere Ed Intervenire Nella Pubblica Amministrazione Secondo Un Approccio Simbolico, Rivista Trimestrale Di Scienza deH’Amministrazione, 1995a, 15(1), 211-39
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Organizational Learning, In M. Warner (Ed.), International encyclopedia of business and management. London: Routledge, 1995b, pp. 3934-42
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Competence -- The Symbolic Passe-Partout to Change - In a Learning Organization, Scandinavian Journal of Management, 1998, 14(4), 373-93
  • •• GHERARDI, S., Learning as Problem-Driven or Learning in the Face of Mystery? Organization Studies, 1999, 20(1), 101-24
  • •• GHERARDI, S. & NICOLINI, D., The Circulation of Organizational Knowledge, Paper Presented at the Conference, Organizational Learning: Moving from Theory to Research, The George Washinton University, 1998
  • •• GOFFMAN, E., Where the Action is, In E. Goffman, Interaction Ritual: Essays on Face to Face Behavior, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967 pp. 74-87
  • •• GOFFMAN, E., Frame Analysis, New York: Harper and Row, 1974
  • •• GOODMAN, N., Metaphor as Moonlighting, In S. Sacks (Ed.), On Metaphor, Chicago, IL: Chicago University Press, 1978 pp. 56-69
  • •• KARPIK, L., Organizations, Institutions and History, In M. Zey Ferrel and M. Aiken (Eds), Complex Organizations, Glenview, IL: Scott Foreman, 1981 pp. 35-43
  • •• LAKOFF, G. & JOHNSON, M., Metaphors We Live by, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 1980
  • •• LATOUR, B., ‘The Power of Association’, In J. Law (Ed.), Power, Action and Belief: A New Sociology of Knowledge? London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1986 pp. 264-80
  • •• LAVE, J. & WENGER, E., Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991
  • •• LEVITT, B. & MARCH J.G., Organizational Learning, Annual Review of Sociology, 1988, 14,319-40
  • •• MCCOURT, W., Discussion Note: Using Metaphors to Understand and to Change Organizations: A Critique of Gareth Morgan’s Approach, Organization Studies, 1997, 18(3), 511-22
  • •• MORGAN, C., Images of Organizations, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage, 1986/1997
  • •• MORGAN, G. & RAMIREZ, R., Action Learning: A Holographic Metaphor for Guiding Social Change, Human Relations, 1983, 37, 1-28
  • •• NICOLINI, D. & MEZNAR, M., The Social Construction of Organizational Learning, Human Relations, 1995, 48(7), 727-46
  • •• NONAKA, I., A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation, Organization Science, 1994, 5(1), 59-74
  • •• NONAKA, I. & KONNO, N., The Concept of ‘Ba1: Building a Foundation for Knowledge Creation, California Management Review, 1998, 40(3), 1-14
  • •• ORTONY, A., (Ed.) Metaphor and Thought, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979
  • •• PEPPER, C., World Hypotheses, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1942
  • •• PETTIGREW, A., On Studying Organizational Culture, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1979, 24(2), 570-81
  • •• POLANYI, M., Personal Knowledge, London: Routledge, 1958, Polanyi, M
  • The Tacit Dimension, New York: Anchor Books, 1967
  • •• PUTNAM, L., PHILLIPS, N. & CHAPMAN P., Metaphors of Communication and Organization, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996 pp. 375-408
  • •• RICHARDS, J.A., The Philosophy of Rhetoric, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1936
  • •• SACKMANN, S., The Role of Metaphors in Organization Transformation, Human Relations, 1989, 42(10), 463-85
  • •• SCHON, D., Generative Metaphor, A Perspective on Problem Setting in Social Policy, In A. Ortony. (Ed.), Metaphor and thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979 pp. 44-56
  • •• SMIRCICH, L., Concepts of Culture and Organizational Analysis, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1983, 28(3), 339-58
  • •• SPARROW, J., Knowledge in Organizations, London: Sage, 1998
  • •• SRIVASTVA, S. & BARRETT, F., The Transforming Nature of Metaphors in Group Development: A Study in Group Theory, Human Relations, 1988, 41(1), 31-64
  • •• STRATI, A., Organizational Symbolism as a Social Construction: A Perspective from the Sociology of Knowledge, Human Relations, 1998, 51(11), 1379-402
  • •• TRICE, H.M. & BEYER, J., Studying Organizational Cultures Through Rites and Ceremonials, Academy of Management Review, 1984, 9(4), 653-69 •• TSOUKAS, H., The Missing Link: A Transformational View of Metaphors on Organizational Science, Academy of Management Review, 1991, 16(3), 566-85
  • •• TURNER, B.A., Rethinking Organizations: Organizational Learning in the Nineties, Paper Presented to the EFMD Research Conference, Isida, Palermo, 9 October 1991, pp. 9-11
  • •• VAUX, J., Social Groups and Discursive Communities: Context and Audience in the Explanatory Practices of the Artificial Intelligence (Al) Community, Paper Presented at The Transformation of Knowledge conference, University of Surrey, 12 January 1999, pp. 12-13
  • •• WATZLAWICK, P., BEAVIN, J. & JACKSON D., Pragmatics of Human Communication, New York: Norton, 1967
  • •• WEICK, K., Educational Organizations as Loosely Coupled Systems, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1976, 21(2), 1-19
  • •• WEICK, K., The Nontraditional Quality of Organizational Learning, Organization Science, 1991,2(1), 116-24
  • •• WEICK, K., Sensemaking in Organizations, Beverly Hills, GA: Sage, 1995
  • •• WEICK, K. & WESTLEY, F., Organizational Learning: Affirming an Oxymoron, In S. Clegg, C. Hardy and W. Nord (Eds), Handbook of Organization Studies, London: Sage, 1996, pp. 440-58
  • •• WENGER, E., Communities of Practice, Learning, Meaning and Identity, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998
  • •• WITKIN, R., The Intelligence of Feeling, London: Heinemann, 1974
There are 56 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Silvia Gherardı This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2009
Submission Date August 16, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2009 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gherardı, S. (2009). ÖĞRENMENİN OLDUĞU YER: Mecazlar ve Planlama Grubunda Yerleşik Öğrenme. Verimlilik Dergisi(1), 91-110.

23139       23140          29293

22408 Journal of Productivity is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)