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Technocratic theory: The basic themes in historical perspective

Year 2013, Issue: 1, 107 - 122, 01.02.2013

Abstract

Even though technocracy has yet to arrive as a governing system, the issues posed by the project are now seen to be critical concerns in contemporary political and social theory. In every environment, there are experts and their functions in society are recognized to be among the most fundamental social and political issues of our time. There is, however, an important difference between early and modern theories of technocratic development. Whereas earlier technocratic writers saw knowledge replacing politics in governance processes, leading contemporary theorists no longer necessarily see the ascent of experts ushering in the demise of politics per se. Some postindustrial writers maintain that technocratic strategies only lead to a new type of politics, much more technical in nature. Indeed, it is from this premise that the study draws its primary theme; “the politics of expertise.”

References

  • 1. Langdon WINNER, Autonomous Technology: Technics-out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1977), p. 47
  • 2. Robert HEILBRONER, The Limits of American Capitalism (New York: Harper & Row, 1966), p. 115
  • 3. Wilbert E. MOORE, Social Change (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963), p. 89
  • 4. Walter E. ROSTOW, Politics and the Stages of Growth (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1971), p. 56
  • 5. Daniel BELL, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society (New York: Basic Books, 1973), p. 349
  • 6. Jacques ELLUL, The Technological Society (New York: Knopf, 1964), p. xxv
  • 7. Şuradan alıntılanmıştır: Herbert MARCUSE, “Industrialization and Capitalism in the Work of Max Weber” in Negations (Boston: Beacon, 1968), p. 204
  • 8. Elliot FREIDSON, Professional Power (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), p. 3
  • 9. Ibid
  • 10. Max WEBER, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (New York: Scribner, 1958)
  • 11. Hans GERTH and C. Wright MILLS, From Max Weber (New York: Oxford University Press, 1958), p. 221
  • 12. Ibid
  • 13. Johanno STRASSER, “1984: Decade of the Experts?” in 1984 Revisited ed
  • Irving Howe (New York: Harper & Row, 1984), pp. 162-63
  • 14. Peter BERGER, Brigitte BERGER and Hansfried KELLNER, The Homeless Mind: Modernization and Consciousness (New York: Vintage, 1973), pp
  • 97-115
  • 15. Ibid
  • 16. WEBER, The Protestant Ethic, p. 182
  • 17. Paul GOODMAN, New Reformation: Notes of a Neolithic Conservative (New York: Random House, 1970), pp. 192-93
  • 18. William H. SMYTH, “Technocracy: Definitions and Origin”, Nation 125 (December 28, 1932), p. 646
  • 19. Francis BACON, The Great Instauration and the New Atlantis, ed. J
  • Weinberger (Arlington Heights, IL: AHM, 1980)
  • 20. Bkz. William LEISS, The Domination of Nature (Boston: Beacon, 1972)
  • 21. Peter GAY, The Enlightenment: An Interpretation, 2 vols. (New York: Knopf, 1966-69)
  • 22. Marquis de CONDORCET, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (New York: Noonday, 1955)
  • 23. E. H. CARR, Studies in Revolution (New York: Grossett and Dunlap, 1964), p. 2
  • 24. Howard P. SEGAL, Technological Utopianism in American Cultural (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), pp. 62-63- 25. Ibid., p. 47
  • 26. BELL, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society
  • 27. Henri de Saint-SIMON, Social Organization, the Science of Man and Other Writings (New York: Harper Torch, 1964), pp. 1-27
  • 28. Bu benzetme, Saint-Simon’un eseri L’Organisateur’da vardır (1819). Bu, Felix M. H. Markham’ın, Henri Comte de Saint-Simon: Seçilmiş Yazılar adlı çalışmasında da görülür (Oxford: Blackwell, 1952), pp. 72-75
  • 29. Auguste COMTE, Cours de philosophie positive, vol. 6 (Paris: Bachelier, 1830)
  • 30. KOLAKOWSKI’ye göre pozitivizm, “insan bilgisiyle ilgili olarak bir değerlendirme kriteri ve kurallar derlemesine” ve ‘bilgi’, ‘bilim’, ‘biliş’ ve ‘enformasyon’ gibi terimleri nasıl kullanacağımızı düzenleyen normatif bir tutuma gönderme yapar. O, pozitif bilgiyi oluşturan dört temel kural belirler. Bunlar: (1) veri toplama, somut deneyimde ortaya çıkan gerçeklerle sınırlı olmalıdır; (2) genel anlamda formüle edilen kavrama belirli gerçekler dışında hiçbir göndergeye sahip olmamalıdır; (3) değer tahminleri, deneysel bilginin oluşturulmasıyla aynı şekilde keşfedilebilir değildir ve bilimsel yöntemin temel bir bütünlüğü vardır. Bkz. Leszek KOLAKOWSKI, Positivist Philosophy (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972)
  • 31. Auguste COMTE, System of Positive Polity: Treatise on Sociology Instituting the Religion of Humanity, 4 vols. (London: Longman’s Green, 1851)
  • 32. G. M. YOUNG, Victorian England: Portrait of an Age (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964), pp. 32-33
  • 33. Laurence TRIBE, “Policy Science: Analysis or Ideology” Philosophy and Public Affairs 2 (1972): 66-110; and Alasdair MACLNTYRE, “Utilitarianism and Cost/Benefit Analysis: An Essay on the Relevance of Moral Philosophy to Bureaucratic Theory” in Ethical Theory and Business, ed
  • Tom Beauchamp and Norman Bowie (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1979)
  • 34. Bu noktada, kusursuz bir tartışma için bkz. Peter STEINBERGER, Ideology and the Urban Crisis (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1985), pp
  • 40-62
  • 35. Gerçek - değer ikiliği ve kavranamazlık değer için bkz. M. E. Hawkesworth, Theoretical Issues in Policy Analysis (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1988), pp. 36-72
  • 36. John BYRNE, “Policy Science and the Administrative State: The Political Economy of Cost-Benefit Analysis” in Confronting Values in Policy Analysis, ed. Frank FISCHER and John FORESTER (Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987), pp. 70-93

Teknokratik teori: Tarihsel perspektifte temel temalar

Year 2013, Issue: 1, 107 - 122, 01.02.2013

Abstract

Teknokrasi, yönetim sistemi olarak vasıl olmamasına rağmen projenin ortaya çıkardığı konular günümüz politik ve sosyal teorisinde ciddi ilgi uyandırmak- tadır. Uzmanlar her ortamda bulunmakta ve onların toplum içindeki işlevleri, çağımızın en temel sosyal ve politik meseleleri arasında tanımlanmaktadır. An- cak, erken ve modern teknokrasi gelişme teorileri arasında önemli bir fark var- dır. Daha önceki teknokratik yazarlar, yönetim süreçlerinde bilginin politikanın yerini aldığını söylemişler ise de; önde gelen çağdaş teorisyenler, uzmanların yükselişinde politikanın terkini artık başlı başına bir unsur olarak görmemek- tedirler. Bazı post endüstriyel yazarlar, teknokratik stratejilerin sadece doğal olarak daha teknik yeni bir politika türüne öncülük edeceği fikrini sürdürmekte- dirler. Nitekim çalışma, bu önermeden kendi ana temasını belirler; “uzmanlığın politikası.”

References

  • 1. Langdon WINNER, Autonomous Technology: Technics-out-of-Control as a Theme in Political Thought (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1977), p. 47
  • 2. Robert HEILBRONER, The Limits of American Capitalism (New York: Harper & Row, 1966), p. 115
  • 3. Wilbert E. MOORE, Social Change (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963), p. 89
  • 4. Walter E. ROSTOW, Politics and the Stages of Growth (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1971), p. 56
  • 5. Daniel BELL, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society (New York: Basic Books, 1973), p. 349
  • 6. Jacques ELLUL, The Technological Society (New York: Knopf, 1964), p. xxv
  • 7. Şuradan alıntılanmıştır: Herbert MARCUSE, “Industrialization and Capitalism in the Work of Max Weber” in Negations (Boston: Beacon, 1968), p. 204
  • 8. Elliot FREIDSON, Professional Power (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986), p. 3
  • 9. Ibid
  • 10. Max WEBER, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (New York: Scribner, 1958)
  • 11. Hans GERTH and C. Wright MILLS, From Max Weber (New York: Oxford University Press, 1958), p. 221
  • 12. Ibid
  • 13. Johanno STRASSER, “1984: Decade of the Experts?” in 1984 Revisited ed
  • Irving Howe (New York: Harper & Row, 1984), pp. 162-63
  • 14. Peter BERGER, Brigitte BERGER and Hansfried KELLNER, The Homeless Mind: Modernization and Consciousness (New York: Vintage, 1973), pp
  • 97-115
  • 15. Ibid
  • 16. WEBER, The Protestant Ethic, p. 182
  • 17. Paul GOODMAN, New Reformation: Notes of a Neolithic Conservative (New York: Random House, 1970), pp. 192-93
  • 18. William H. SMYTH, “Technocracy: Definitions and Origin”, Nation 125 (December 28, 1932), p. 646
  • 19. Francis BACON, The Great Instauration and the New Atlantis, ed. J
  • Weinberger (Arlington Heights, IL: AHM, 1980)
  • 20. Bkz. William LEISS, The Domination of Nature (Boston: Beacon, 1972)
  • 21. Peter GAY, The Enlightenment: An Interpretation, 2 vols. (New York: Knopf, 1966-69)
  • 22. Marquis de CONDORCET, Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (New York: Noonday, 1955)
  • 23. E. H. CARR, Studies in Revolution (New York: Grossett and Dunlap, 1964), p. 2
  • 24. Howard P. SEGAL, Technological Utopianism in American Cultural (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), pp. 62-63- 25. Ibid., p. 47
  • 26. BELL, The Coming of Post-Industrial Society
  • 27. Henri de Saint-SIMON, Social Organization, the Science of Man and Other Writings (New York: Harper Torch, 1964), pp. 1-27
  • 28. Bu benzetme, Saint-Simon’un eseri L’Organisateur’da vardır (1819). Bu, Felix M. H. Markham’ın, Henri Comte de Saint-Simon: Seçilmiş Yazılar adlı çalışmasında da görülür (Oxford: Blackwell, 1952), pp. 72-75
  • 29. Auguste COMTE, Cours de philosophie positive, vol. 6 (Paris: Bachelier, 1830)
  • 30. KOLAKOWSKI’ye göre pozitivizm, “insan bilgisiyle ilgili olarak bir değerlendirme kriteri ve kurallar derlemesine” ve ‘bilgi’, ‘bilim’, ‘biliş’ ve ‘enformasyon’ gibi terimleri nasıl kullanacağımızı düzenleyen normatif bir tutuma gönderme yapar. O, pozitif bilgiyi oluşturan dört temel kural belirler. Bunlar: (1) veri toplama, somut deneyimde ortaya çıkan gerçeklerle sınırlı olmalıdır; (2) genel anlamda formüle edilen kavrama belirli gerçekler dışında hiçbir göndergeye sahip olmamalıdır; (3) değer tahminleri, deneysel bilginin oluşturulmasıyla aynı şekilde keşfedilebilir değildir ve bilimsel yöntemin temel bir bütünlüğü vardır. Bkz. Leszek KOLAKOWSKI, Positivist Philosophy (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1972)
  • 31. Auguste COMTE, System of Positive Polity: Treatise on Sociology Instituting the Religion of Humanity, 4 vols. (London: Longman’s Green, 1851)
  • 32. G. M. YOUNG, Victorian England: Portrait of an Age (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1964), pp. 32-33
  • 33. Laurence TRIBE, “Policy Science: Analysis or Ideology” Philosophy and Public Affairs 2 (1972): 66-110; and Alasdair MACLNTYRE, “Utilitarianism and Cost/Benefit Analysis: An Essay on the Relevance of Moral Philosophy to Bureaucratic Theory” in Ethical Theory and Business, ed
  • Tom Beauchamp and Norman Bowie (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1979)
  • 34. Bu noktada, kusursuz bir tartışma için bkz. Peter STEINBERGER, Ideology and the Urban Crisis (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1985), pp
  • 40-62
  • 35. Gerçek - değer ikiliği ve kavranamazlık değer için bkz. M. E. Hawkesworth, Theoretical Issues in Policy Analysis (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1988), pp. 36-72
  • 36. John BYRNE, “Policy Science and the Administrative State: The Political Economy of Cost-Benefit Analysis” in Confronting Values in Policy Analysis, ed. Frank FISCHER and John FORESTER (Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1987), pp. 70-93
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Cangül Tosun This is me

Fatih Keskin This is me

Publication Date February 1, 2013
Submission Date August 16, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2013 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Tosun, C., & Keskin, F. (2013). Teknokratik teori: Tarihsel perspektifte temel temalar. Verimlilik Dergisi(1), 107-122.

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22408 Journal of Productivity is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0)