A MODEL PROPOSAL WITH SWARA AND ARAS METHODS IN EVALUATING THE URBAN RAIL TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE

Year 2021, Issue: 3, 35 - 53, 30.07.2021

Ramazan Erturgut , Nesrin Koç Ustalı

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.762067

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to create a model using a two-stage Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method to evaluate urban rail transport performance. 

Methodology: Within the scope of the study, the rail system lines operated in Ankara Electricity, Gas and Bus Operation Institution (EGO General Directorate) were evaluated by SWARA (Step-wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) and ARAS (Additive Ratio Assessment) methods, which are MCDM methods. The importance weights of the evaluation criteria were determined using SWARA method and the performance values of the rail system lines were calculated using ARAS method.

Findings: According to the results of the study, it has been determined that the most important criteria is the maximum passenger capacity. Besides, alternatives are respectively from the highest to the lowest according to their performance; it has been found as Batıkent-Sincan/Törekent, Çayyolu-Kızılay, Batıkent-Kızılay, Keçiören-Atatürk Cultural Center and Aşti-Dikimevi.

Originality: In the literature, it has been seen that SWARA and ARAS methods are not used as a two stage method in the measurement of urban rail transportation system performance and productivity. Moreover, it is believed that the study applies to other urban transportation systems and will contribute to the literature.

Keywords

Urban Rail Transport, MCDM, SWARA Method, ARAS Method.

KENT İÇİ RAYLI ULAŞIM PERFORMANSINI DEĞERLENDİRMEDE SWARA VE ARAS YÖNTEMLERİ İLE BİR MODEL ÖNERİSİ-A MODEL PROPOSAL WITH SWARA AND ARAS METHODS IN EVALUATION OF URBAN RAIL TRANSPORT PERFORMANCE

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, kent içi raylı ulaşım performansını değerlendirmek için iki aşamalı bir Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) yöntemi kullanarak bir model oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Çalışma kapsamında Ankara Elektrik, Havagazı ve Otobüs İşletme Müessesesi’nde (EGO Genel Müdürlüğü) işletilen raylı sistem hatları, SWARA (Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) ve ARAS (Additive Ratio Assessment) yöntemleriyle değerlendirilmiştir. SWARA yöntemi ile değerlendirme kriterlerinin önem ağırlıkları belirlenmiş, ARAS yöntemi ile raylı sistem hatlarının performans değerleri hesaplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre değerlendirme kriterleri arasında en önemli kriterin maksimum yolcu kapasitesi olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca alternatifler performanslarına göre en yüksekten en düşüğe doğru sırasıyla; Batıkent-Sincan/Törekent, Çayyolu-Kızılay, Batıkent-Kızılay, Keçiören-Atatürk Kültür Merkezi ve Aşti-Dikimevi olarak bulunmuştur.

Özgünlük: Literatürde kent içi raylı ulaşım sistemi performans ve verimlilik ölçümü konusunda iki aşamalı bir yöntem olarak SWARA ve ARAS yöntemlerinin kullanılmadığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte çalışmanın diğer kent içi ulaşım sistemleri için de uygulanabilir olduğu ve literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Çok Kriterli Karar Verme, SWARA Yöntemi, ARAS Yöntemi, Kent İçi Raylı Ulaşım

References

• AKMAN, G. ve ALKAN, A. (2016), Evaluation of Alternative Public Transportation Systems in Izmit Urban Transportation via Axiomatic Design Method, Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 22 (1), 54-63.
• ALADE, T., EDELENBOS, J. ve GIANOLİ, A. (2019), Frugality in Multi-Actor Interactions and Absorptive Capacity of Addis-Ababa Light-Rail Transport, Journal of Urban Management, 9 (1), 67-76.
• BURKUCU, H., KILINÇARSLAN, S. K., KORKMAZ, Ş., ORAK, A. ve ÇETİN, M. H. (2020), Mekanik Sistemlerde Rejeneratif Frenleme ile Elde Edilebilecek Enerji Miktarının Belirlenmesi ve Verimlilik Analizi, Karabük Üniversitesi Makine Mühendisliği Dergisi, 1 (1), 1-8.
• CHANG, H. (2012), Study on the Evaluation Principle of Xi’an Urban Rail Transit Network from the Perspective of Historic City Conservation, Advanced Materials Research, 368–373, 3258-3261.
• CHU, W., ZHANG, X., CHEN, J. ve SUN, X. (2016), Pareto Optimal Train Scheduling for Urban Rail Transit Using Generalized Particle Swarm Optimization, Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 8 (10), 1-15.
• ÇUBUK, M. K. ve TÜRKMEN, M. (2003), Ankara’da Raylı Ulaşım, Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 18 (1), 125-144.
• DADELO, S., TURSKIS, Z., ZAVADSKAS, E. K. ve DADELIENE, R. (2012), Multiple Criteria Assessment of Elite Security Personal on the Basis of ARAS and Expert Methods, Economic Computation and Economic Cybernetics Studies and Research, 46 (4), 65-88.
• DEVLET PLANLAMA TEŞKİLATI, (1995), Ulaştırma Özel İhtisas Komisyonu Kent İçi Ulaşım Alt Komisyonu Raporu, 1-22, http://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/7-UlastirmaKenticiUlasimAltKomisyonRaporu.pdf (Erişim tarihi: 19.06.2021).
• DİNÇ, S., HAMURCU, M. ve EREN, T. (2018), Multicriteria Selection of Alternative Tramway Vehicles for Urban Transportation, Gazi Journal of Engineering Sciences, 4 (2), 124-135.
• DING, F., ZHAO, J. B., BEI, S. Y. ve LIU, H. M. (2011), MAS-Based Urban Rail Transport Ridership Forecast System and Traffic Generation Analysis, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 39, 322-325.
• DOĞAN, B. ve KABLAN, A. (2016), Kırıkkale Şehir İçi Raylı Toplu Taşıma Sistemi Tasarımı (Kaleray), Mühendis ve Makine Dergisi. 57 (677), 20-23.
• DONG, H., NING, B., CHEN, Y., SUN, X., WEN, D., HU, Y. ve OUYANG, R. (2013), Emergency Management of Urban Rail Transportation Based on Parallel Systems, IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 14 (2), 627-636.
• DUDKIN, E. P., ANDREEVA, L. A. ve SULTANOV, N. N. (2017), Methods of Noise and Vibration Protection on Urban Rail Transport, Procedia Engineering, 189 (May), 829-835.
• DÜZKAYA, H., AKDEMİR, F., HAYRİ, U., ORMAN, A. ve SIVAT, S. (2018), Türkiye’de Orta Büyüklükteki Kentlerde Raylı Sistem Uygulamaları: Erzincan Cadde Tramvayı Örneği, El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering, 5 (2), 403-415.
• ECER, F. (2016), ARAS Yöntemi Kullanılarak Kurumsal Kaynak Planlaması Yazılımı Seçimi, Journal of Alanya Faculty of Business/Alanya İşletme Fakültesi Dergisi, 8 (1), 89-98.
• EGO, (2020), https://www.ego.gov.tr/tr/sayfa/1075/rayli-sistem, (Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2020).
• ELKER, C. (1999), II. Ulaşım ve Trafik Kongresi-Sergisi Bildiriler Kitabı, Çağdaş Ulaşım Politikaları, MMOB Makine Mühendisleri Odası, Ankara.
• FENG, X., WANG, X. ve ZHANG, H. (2014), Passenger Transfer Efficiency Optimization Modelling Research with Simulations, International Journal of Simulation Modelling, 13 (2), 210-218.
• GHOUSHCHI, S. J., RAHMAN, M. N. A., RAEISI, D., OSGOOEI, E. ve GHOUSHJI, M. J. (2020), Integrated Decision-Making Approach Based on SWARA and GRA Methods for the Prioritization of Failures in Solar Panel Systems Under Z-İnformation, Symmetry, 12 (2), 1-21.
• GULHAN, G. (2018), Impact of Rail System Investments on Estate Taxes and Evaluation of Spatial Change Potential: Example of Kazlicesme-Sogutlucesme Metro Route, Journal of Human Sciences, 15 (4), 2029-2046.
• GRAHAM, D. J., COUTO, A., ADENEY, W. E. ve GLAISTER, S. (2003), Economies of Scale and Density in Urban Rail Transport: Effects on Productivity, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 39 (6), 443-458.
• HAN, Z., TAN, J., GRIMMOND, C. S. B., MA, B., YANG, T. ve WENG, C. (2020), An Integrated Wind Risk Warning Model for Urban Rail Transport in Shanghai, China, Atmosphere, 11 (1), 1-15.
• JING, C. (2012), Analysis on Convenience of Beijing Urban Subway Transfer Stations Based on GIS, Advanced Materials Research, 403-408, 1471-1474.
• KERŠULIENĖ, V., ZAVADSKAS, E. K. ve TURSKIS, Z. (2010), Selection of Rational Dispute Resolution Method by Applying New Step-Wise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis (Swara), Journal of Business Economics and Management, 11 (2), 243-258.
• KERŠULIENE, V. ve TURSKIS, Z. (2014), A Hybrid Linguistic Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Group Selection of a Chief Accounting Officer, Journal of Business Economics and Management, 15 (2), 232-252.
• KUTLU, H., ULVİ, H. ve AKDEMİR, F. (2019), Gelişmekte Olan Ülkelerde Raylı Sistem Yatırım Kararlarını Etkileyen Ölçütlerin Belirlenmesi: AB ve Türkiye Özelinde Bir Araştırma, Demiryolu Mühendisliği, (9), 61-78.
• KWAN, S. C., SUTAN, R. ve HASHIM, J. H. (2018), Trip Characteristics as the Determinants of Intention to Shift to Rail Transport Among Private Motor Vehicle Users in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sustainable Cities and Society, 36 (October), 319-326.
• LI, J., HUANG, Y. ve HAO, C. (2008), A Treatment Method for Urban Rail Transport Project Benefit Information to Ensure the Multiple Benefit Factors Based on Rough Set, Proceedings of 2008 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics and Informatics, 2, 1547-1552.
• LIN, T. G., XIA, J. C., ROBINSON, T. P., OLARU, D., SMITH, B., TAPLIN, J. ve CAO, B. (2016), Enhanced Huff Model for Estimating Park and Ride (Pnr) Catchment Areas in Perth, WA, Journal of Transport Geography, 54, 336-348.
• LIU, L. F. ve WANG, W. (2016), Analysis of Urban Rail Transit Seamless Transfer Standard, MATEC Web of Conferences, 81, 1-5.
• MASOUMI, M. ve ÖCALIR-AKÜNAL, E. V. (2018), Türkiye’deki Kent İçi Raylı Ulaşım Sistemlerinin Performanslarının Veri Zarflama Analizi ile Karşılaştırılması, Politeknik Dergisi, 21 (4), 971-975.
• MAYER, T. ve TREVIEN, C. (2017), The Impact of Urban Public Transportation Evidence from the Paris Region, Journal of Urban Economics, 102, 1-21.
• MIN, G., QINGREN, J. ve WEIDONG, C. (2018), Analysis of the Harmonics Influence of Urban Rail Transport Load on Nanning Power Grid Based on ETAP, Proceedings of the 13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, ICIEA 2018, 594-599.
• MORISON, C., WANG, A. ve BEWES, O. (2005), Methods for Measuring the Dynamic Stiffness of Resilient Rail Fastenings for Low Frequency Vibration Isolation of Railways, Their Problems and Possible Solutions, Journal of Low Frequency Noise Vibration and Active Control, 24 (2), 107-116.
• MOTTEE, L. K., ARTS, J., VANCLAY, F., MILLER, F. ve HOWITT, R. (2020), Reflecting on How Social Impacts Are Considered in Transport Infrastructure Project Planning: Looking beyond the Claimed Success of Sydney’s South West Rail Link, Urban Policy and Research, 1–14.
• OCAK, İ. ve MANİSALI, E. (2006), Kentsel Raylı Taşıma Üzerine Bir İnceleme (İstanbul Örnegi) - An Overview About Urban Rail Tran Sport (Istanbul Model), Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10 (2), 51–59.
• ÖNDER, H. G. ve AKDEMİR, F. (2019), Türkiye’deki Kentiçi Raylı Toplu Taşıma Sistemlerinin Ulaşım Ana Planları Bağlamında Değerlendirilmesi, Demiryolu Mühendisliği, 10, 23-37.
• STATISTA. (2021), https://www.statista.com/statistics/270860/urbanization-by-continent/, (Erişim tarihi: 16.06.2021).
• SU, J. F., KUANG, F. H. ve XU, B. G. (2013), Operating System Choice of the ISCS Server in Urban Rail Transit, Applied Mechanics and Materials, 321–324, 2698-2703.
• ŞİMİT, K. O., RİZELİOĞLU, M. ve ARSLAN, T. (2017), Türkiye’nin İlk Yerli Tramvayı İpekböceği Hattı Üzerine Bir Analiz, Uludağ University Journal of The Faculty of Engineering, 21 (2), 489-498.
• ŞEREMET, O., DURMUŞ, M. S. ve ÜSTOĞLU, İ. (2018), Sabit-Blok Sinyalizasyon Sistemlerinde Makas Enerji Tasarruf ve Eş-Yaşlandırma Kriterlerine Göre Güzergâh Seçimi, Journal of Natural & Applied Sciences, 22 (Özel Sayı), 243-256.
• TÜİK, (2020), http://www.tuik.gov.tr/HbGetirHTML.do?id=33705, (Erişim tarihi: 12.05.2020).
• TÜİK, (2021), https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Adrese-Dayali-Nufus-Kayit-Sistemi-Sonuclari-2020-37210#:~:-text=T%C3%BCrkiye%27de%202019%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20%92,den%20%257%27ye%20d%C3%BC%-C5%9Ft%C3%BC., (Erişim tarihi: 16.06.2021).
• TÜRKOĞLU S. P (2019), ARAS Yöntemiyle Avrupa Ülkelerinin Bilim ve Teknoloji Performanslarının Sıralanması, Verimlilik Dergisi, 1, 69-81.
• TZENG, G. H., LIN, C. W. ve OPRICOVIC, S. (2005), Multi-Criteria Analysis of Alternative-Fuel Buses for PublicTransportation, Energy Policy, 33 (11), 1373-1383.
• UNITED NATIONS, (2014), World Urbanization Prospects the 2014 Revision. 1- 517, https://population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2014-Report.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 16.06.2021).
• VUCHIC, V. R. ve ENGINEERING, S. (1987), Urban Public Transportation Systems and Technology, Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2 (3), 1-20.
• WANG, B. ve ZACHARIAS, J. (2020), Noise, Odor and Passenger Density in Perceived Crowding in Public Transport, Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 135 (February), 215-223.
• WEN, Z., LIAO, H., REN, R., BAI, C., ZAVADSKAS, E. K., ANTUCHEVİCİENE, J. ve AL-BARAKATİ, A. (2019), Cold Chain Logistics Management of Medicine with an Integrated Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Method, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16 (23), 1-21.
• XIAO, H., WANG, J. B. ve ZHANG, Y. R. (2017), The Fractures of e-Type Fastening Clips used in the Subway: Theory and Experiment, Engineering Failure Analysis, 81 (November), 57-68.
• YILDIRIM, B. F. (2015), Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Problemlerinde ARAS Yöntemi, Kafkas Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6 (9), 285-296.
• YILDIRIM, B. I., UYSAL, F. ve ILGAZ, A. (2019), Havayolu İşletmelerinde Personel Seçimi: ARAS Yöntemi ile Bir Uygulama, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 2 (33), 219-231.
• ZHANG, H., FENG, X., LIU, Y. ve WANG, Q. (2014), Research on Traction Energy Cost Intensity and Passenger Transport Efficiency of a Metro Train, Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 138, 722-728.
• ZAVADSKAS, E. K. ve TURSKIS, Z. (2010), A New Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) Method in Multicriteria Decision-Making, Technological and Economic Development of Economy, 16 (2), 159-172.
• ZHAO, P. ve LI, P. (2019), Travel Satisfaction Inequality and the Role of the Urban Metro System, Transport Policy, 79 (February), 66-81.
• ZOLFANI, S. H., SALIMI, J., MAKNOON, R. ve KILDIENE, S. (2015), Technology Foresight about R&D Projects Selection; Application of SWARA Method at the Policy Making Level, Engineering Economics, 26 (5), 571-580.