MEASURING FIRM PERCEPTION TO ADAPTATION of INDUSTRY 4.0: THE CASE OF TURKEY

Year 2022, DİJİTAL DÖNÜŞÜM VE VERİMLİLİK, 141 - 155, 12.01.2022

Ebru Aşar Filiz Bülbül Mansur Akbulut Pınar Bayarslan Tunahan Kermen Derya Fındık

https://doi.org/10.51551/verimlilik.971100

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims at examining the perceptions of various layers within a firm toward integrating Industry 4.0 applications in production.

Methodology: We follow a case study approach to obtain detailed information about the selected firm. For this purpose, we focus on three sectors as machinery, food, and automotive spare parts having a strategic role in digital transformation. In total, 12 interviews with blue-collar workers, engineers, and managers are conducted in five different companies.

Findings: The results of the study are twofold. As for the senior management layer and engineers, the adaptation of Industry 4.0 applications to the firm will increase the firm efficiency. As far as its effect on employment is considered, it has been determined that the concept is not fully understood, especially by blue-collar workers, and it is not known how it will contribute to production. Production line workers, therefore, think that they will experience the threat of losing their jobs with the implementation of Industry 4.0 applications.

Originality: Despite its importance, the number of studies dealing with the difficulties, benefits, opportunities, and threats of adopting Industry 4.0 especially for developing countries is still few. This study, therefore, closes this gap by conducting a comprehensive study with various layers of the firm.

Keywords

Industry 4.0, Supply Chain Management, Case Study

ENDÜSTRİ 4.0'IN ADAPTASYONUNA YÖNELİK FİRMA ALGISININ ÖLÇÜLMESİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, bir firma içindeki çeşitli birimlerin üretimde Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarının kullanılmasına yönelik algılarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Yöntem: Firmadaki çeşitli birimlerin algılarını analiz etmek için vaka çalışması yaklaşımı kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla dijital dönüşümde stratejik rolü olan makine, gıda ve otomotiv yedek parçaları olmak üzere üç sektöre odaklanılmıştır. Toplamda beş farklı firmada mavi yakalı işçi, mühendis ve yönetici ile 12 görüşme yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçları iki yönlüdür. Üst yönetim kademesi ve mühendislere göre, Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarının firmaya uyarlanması, üretim sürecini iyileştirecek ve verimliliği artıracaktır. İstihdam üzerindeki etkisi düşünüldüğünde ise, kavramın özellikle mavi yakalı çalışanlar tarafından tam olarak anlaşılmadığı ve üretime nasıl bir katkı sağlayacağının bilinmediği tespit edilmiştir. Bu nedenle üretim hattı çalışanları, Endüstri 4.0 uygulamalarının hayata geçirilmesiyle işlerini kaybetme tehdidini yaşayacaklarını düşünmektedirler.

Özgünlük: Endüstri 4.0'ın özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde benimsenmesi önündeki zorlukları, sağladığı faydaları, sunduğu fırsatları ve yarattığı tehditleri ele alan çalışmaların sayısı hala azdır. Bu çalışmada, firmanın çeşitli katmanlarının algıları kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz edildiği için yazına katkı sağlanmıştır.

Keywords

Endüstri 4.0, Tedarik Zinciri Yönetimi, Vaka Çalışması

References

• Baheti, R. and Gill, H. (2011). “Cyber-Physical Systems”, The Impact of Control Technology, 12(1),161-166.
• Brettel, M., Friederichsen, N., Keller, M., and Rosenberg, M. (2017). “How Virtualization, Decentralization and Network Building Change the Manufacturing Landscape: An Industry 4.0 Perspective”, International Journal of Information and Communication Engineering,8(1), 37-44.
• Brewster, S. (2016). “The Age of Autonomous Robots is Upon Us”, https://fortune.com/2016/03/29/autonomous-robots-startups (Erişim tarihi:10.12.2021).
• Chiarini, A., Belvedere, V. and Grando, A. (2020). “Industry 4.0 Strategies and Technological Developments. Exploratory Research from Italian Manufacturing Companies”, Production Planning & Control, 31(16), 1385-1398.
• Cotteleer, M. and Joyce, J. (2014). “3D Opportunity for Production: Additive Manufacturing Makes Its (Business) Case”, Deloitte Review, 15, 146-161.
• Delic, M. and Eyers, D.R. (2020). “The Effect of Additive Manufacturing Adoption on Supply Chain Flexibility and Performance: An Empirical Analysis from the Automotive Industry”, International Journal of Production Economics, 228, 107689.
• Dalenogare, L.S., Benitez, G.B., Ayala, N.F., and Frank, A.G. (2018). “The Expected Contribution of Industry 4.0 Technologies for Industrial Performance”, International Journal of Production Economics, 204, 383-394.
• Fitzgerald, J. and Quasney, E. (2017) “Using Autonomous Robots to Drive Supply Chain Innovation”, Deloitte Perspectives, 1-12.
• Gupta, S., Meissonier, R., Drave, V.A. and Roubaud, D. (2020). “Examining the Impact of Cloud ERP on Sustainable Performance: A Dynamic Capability View”, International Journal of Information Management, 51, 102028.
• He, K. and Jin, M. (2016). “Cyber-Physical Systems for Maintenance in Industry 4.0”, http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1071443/FULLTEXT01.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 30.09.2021).
• Hermann, M., Pentek, T., Otto, B., Pentek, T. and Otto, B. (2015). “Design Principles for Industry 4.0 Scenarios: A Literature Review”, 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS), 3928-3937.
• Haaker, T., Ly, P.T.M., Nguyen-Thanh, N. and Nguyen, H.T.H. (2021). “Business Model Innovation Through the Application of the Internet-of-Things: A Comparative Analysis”, Journal of Business Research, 126, 126-136.
• Hofmann, E. and Rüsch, M. (2017). “Industry 4.0 and the Current Status as well as Prospects on Logistics”, Computers in Industry, 89, 23-34.
• Holdowsky, J., Mahto, M., Raynor, M.E. and Cotteleer, M. (2015). “Inside the Internet of Things (IoT), Deloitte University Press, 1-54.
• Holler, J., Tsiatsis, V., Mulligan, C., Karnouskos, S., Avesand, S. and Boyle, D. (2014) “From Machine-to-Machine to the Internet of Things: Introduction to a New Age of Intelligence”, Academic Press, Oxford.
• Kagermann, H., Wahlster, W. and Helbig, J. (2013). “Recommendations for Implementing the Strategic Initiative Industrie 4.0”, Final Report of the Industrie 4.0 Working Group, Forschungsunion: Berlin, Germany.
• Mikalef, P., Krogstie, J., Pappas, I. O. and Pavlou, P. (2020). “Exploring the Relationship between Big Data Analytics Capability and Competitive Performance: The Mediating roles of Dynamic and Operational Capabilities, Information & Management, 57(2), 103169.
• 11th Development Plan (2019-2023). https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp content/uploads/2019/07/OnbirinciKalkinmaPlani.pdf (Erişim tarihi:30.09.2021).
• Monnier, O. (2013), A Smarter Grid with the Internet of Things, Texas Instruments, 1-11.
• Monostori, L. (2015), Cyber-Physical Production Systems: Roots from Manufacturing Science and Technology, at-Automatisierungstechnik, 63(10), 766-776.
• Mussomeli, A., Gish, D. and Laaper, S. (2016). The Rise of the Digital Supply Network: Industry 4.0 Enables the Digital Transformation of Supply Chains, Deloitte Insights, 1.
• Orlikowski, W.J. (1993). CASE Tools as Organizational Change: Investigating Incremental and Radical Changes in Systems Development”, MIS Quarterly, 309-340.
• Parvin, S., Hussain, F.K., Hussain, O.K., Thein, T. and Park, J.S. (2013). “Multi-Cyber Framework for Availability Enhancement of Cyber-Physical Systems”, Computing, 95(10-11), 927-948.
• Prifti, V., Markja, I., Dhoska, K. and Pramono, A. (2020)”. “Management of Information Systems, Implementation, and Their Importance in Albanian Enterprises”, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 909(1), 012047. IOP Publishing.
• Rüßmann, M., Lorenz, M., Gerbert, P., Waldner, M., Justus, J., Engel, P. and Harnisch, M. (2015). “Industry 4.0: The future of Productivity and Growth in Manufacturing Industries”, Boston Consulting Group, 9(1), 54-89.
• Sanders, A., Elangeswaran, C. and Wulfsberg, J.P. (2016). “Industry 4.0 Implies Lean Manufacturing: Research Activities in Industry 4.0 Function as Enablers for Lean Manufacturing”, Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management, 9(3), 811-833.
• Schmidt, R., Möhring, M., Härting, R.C., Reichstein, C., Neumaier, P. and Jozinović, P. (2015). “Industry 4.0-Potentials for Creating Smart Products: Empirical Research Results”, International Conference on Business Information Systems, 16-27.
• Sniderman, B., Mahto, M., and Cotteleer, M. (2016). “Industry 4.0 and Manufacturing Ecosystems”. Deloitte University Press.
• Stock, T. and Seliger, G. (2016). “Opportunities of Sustainable Manufacturing in Industry 4.0”, Procedia CIRP, 40, 536-541.
• Tepeš, M., Krajnik, P., Kopač, J. and Semolič, B. (2015). “Smart Tool, Machine, and Special Equipment: An Overview of the Concept and Application for the Toolmaking Factory of the Future”, Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 37(4), 1039-1053.
• Thames, L. and Schaefer, D. (2016). “Software-Defined Cloud Manufacturing for Industry 4.0”, Procedia CIRP, 52, 12-17.
• Tjahjono, B., Esplugues, C., Ares, E. and Pelaez, G. (2017). “What Does Industry 4.0 Mean to the Supply Chain?”, Procedia Manufacturing, 13, 1175-1182.
• Tortorella, G.L. and Fettermann, D. (2018). “Implementation of Industry 4.0 and Lean Production in Brazilian Manufacturing Companies”, International Journal of Production Research, 56(8), 2975-2987.
• Wahlster, W., Grallert, H.J., Wess, S., Friedrich, H. and Widenka, T. (2014). “Towards the Internet of Services: The Theseus Research Program”, Springer.
• Zheng, T., Ardolino, M., Bacchetti, A., Perona, M. and Zanardini, M. (2019). “The Impacts of Industry 4.0: A Descriptive Survey in the Italian Manufacturing Sector”, Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 31(5), 1085-1115.