Salmonella Infantis

Year 2023, Volume: 94 Issue: 1, 73 - 83, 15.01.2023

Cemil Kürekci Seyda Şahin

https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.1130376

Abstract

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) izolatlarının tespiti ve küresel yayılımı Türkiye’de dahil olmak üzere bir çok ülkede kanatlı ve kanatlı et örneklerinde artan oranda rapor edilmektedir. Ayrıca, S. Infantis Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde ve Türkiye’de insanda salmonelloza neden olan en yaygın serotiplerden birisidir, bu nedenle de insan sağlığı açısından risk teşkil etmektedir. Bu durum genellikle çeşitli antimikrobiyal direnç ve virulens genleri ile ilişkilendirilen pESI (∼280 kb) olarak adlandırılan büyük bir megaplazmidin varlığı ile açıklanmaktadır. S. Infantis izolatlarında çoklu ilaç direnci belirlenmiş olup bu da insanlarda vakaların tedavisi sorusunu gündeme getirmektedir. Dolayısıyla, bu derlemede yeni ortaya çıkan problem epidemiyolojik ve genomik açıdan değerlendirildi. Sonuç olarak, insan olgularındaki S. Infantis’in gerçek prevalansının tam olarak açıklığa kavuşturulması gerektiği söylenebilir. Türkiye’de S. Infantis’in insanlara bulaşma yolunu araştıran herhangi bir çalışma olmamasına rağmen, asıl bulaşma kaynağının tavuk eti tüketimi olduğuna inanılmaktadır. Bu yüzden, insan ve hayvan kökenli izolatlarda tüm genom analizi yapılması ile S. Infantis epidemiyolojisinin anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayacaktır. Sonuçta, S. Infantis’in kanatlı hayvanların bağırsaklarında taşınmasını kontrol etmek için yeni politikalar başlatılabilir.

Keywords

broyler, halk sağlığı, S. Infantis, pESI plazmid, virulens geni

Salmonella Infantis

Abstract

The detection and global dissemination of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Infantis (S. Infantis) isolates from poultry and poultry meat samples from various countries including Turkey have been increasingly reported. Additionally, S. infantis has been one of the most prevalent serovar causing human salmonellosis in European Union countries and in Turkey, is therefore a significant burden on human health. This was explained by the presence of a large megaplasmid termed as pESI (∼280 kb) that was often associated with various antimicrobial resistance traits as well as virulence genes. Worryingly, multi drug resistance in S. Infantis isolates have documented, raising the question of treating of cases in humans. Therefore, this review article concentrates on the epidemiological and genomics aspects of this emerging threat. As a result, it can be said that the true prevalence of S. Infantis in human cases must be fully understood. Although there are no studies exploring the transmission routes of S. Infantis to humans in Turkey, the consumption of chicken is believed to be the main exposure route. Therefore, analysis of the whole genome in isolates from human patients and animals will certainly provide insight for understanding S. Infantis epidemiology. Finally, new policies might be initiated to control the intestinal carriage of poultry.

Keywords

broiler, public health, S. Infantis, pESI plasmid, virulence gene

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