Undertail body wall herniation with abdominal air sac rupture in budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)

Year 2023, Volume: 94 Issue: 2, 168 - 176, 15.06.2023

Eren Uslu , Şeyma Sueda Bayraktar Zeynep Ateş

https://doi.org/10.33188/vetheder.1298063

Abstract

Ventral abdominal hernia cases are frequently encountered in bird species. These abdominal hernias are usually seen in sexually active female birds. Although the etiopathology is not fully understood, it is believed that the main cause is hyperestrogenism. Among the herniated organs, intestines have been reported most commonly. However, a case of abdominal hernia accompanied by air sac rupture has not been identified in the literature. An 8-year-old female budgerigar presented with a complaint of swelling under the tail and was brought to Ankara University Veterinary Hospital. Clinical examination revealed the presence of a ventral abdominal hernia under the tail. Radiographic evaluation showed that a significant portion of the swelling was filled with air, and the herniated structures were identified as intestines. The swelling was punctured with a 16G gray cannula, and the air was completely drained. Immediately after the air was expelled, it was observed that the air refilled, indicating air sac rupture. During the surgery, the herniated intestines were reduced, and the abdominal wall was repaired. At the final follow-up examination after 14 days, complete recovery of the patient was observed. In conclusion, the surgical procedure and postoperative follow-up results of a case involving previously unreported ventral abdominal herniation accompanied by air sac rupture are presented.

Keywords

Budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus, Hernia, Air Sac Rupture, Undertail

Muhabbet kuşunda (Melopsittacus undulatus) abdominal hava kesesi rupturu ile birlikte seyreden kuyruk altı fıtık olgusu

Abstract

Kuş türlerinde ventral abdominal hernia vakalarına oldukça sık olarak rastlanılmaktadır. Abdominal fıtıklar genellikle seksüel olarak aktif olan dişi kuşlarda görülmektedir. Bunun etiyopatolojisi tam olarak bilinmese de temel nedenin hiperöstrojenizim olduğu düşünülmektedir. Fıtıklaşan organlar arasında en sık olarak bağırsaklar bildirilmiştir. Ancak hava kesesi rupturu ile birlikte abdominal herni şeklinde bir vaka literatürde belirlenememiştir. Kuyruk altı şişkinlik şikayetiyle gelen 8 yaşında dişi muhabbet kuşu, Ankara Üniversitesi Hayvan Hastanesi’ne getirildi. Yapılan klinik muayenesinde kuyruk altı fıtık olduğu saptandı. Radyografik değerlendirmesinde, bu şişliğin büyük bir kısmının hava olduğu, ayrıca fıtıklaşan yapıların da bağırsaklar olduğu saptandı. Şişliğe 16G gri kanül ile punksiyon yapıldı ve hava tamamen boşaltıldı. Hava boşaltıldıktan hemen sonra tekrar havanın dolduğu gözlemlendi ve buna istinaden hava kesesi rupturu olduğu saptandı. Yapılan operasyonda, fıtıklaşan bağırsaklar reddedilerek abdominal duvar tamir edildi. 14 gün sonraki son kontrolünde hastanın tamamen iyileştiği gözlemlendi. Sonuç olarak, daha önce literatürde rastlanmamış kuyruk altı herniasyon ile birlikte seyreden hava kesesi rupturu olgusunun operasyonu ve post-operatif kontrol sonuçları paylaşılmaktadır.

Keywords

Muhabbet Kuşu, Melopsittacus undulatus, Fıtık, Hava Kesesi Rupturu, Kuyruk Altı

References

• 1. Lawson AB, Hedrick BP, Echols S, Schachner ER. Anatomy, variation, and asymmetry of the bronchial tree in the African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus). J Morphol 2021;282(5): 701-719.
• 2. Graham JL. Approach to the dyspneic avian patient. Seminars in Avian and exotic pet medicine 2004;13(3): 154-159.
• 3. Jaensch S. Inspirational evolution: the avian lower respiratory tract. Association of Avian Veterinarians Australasian Committee Ltd. Annual Conference 2015;23: 1-11.
• 4. Maina JN. Perspectives on the Structure and Function of the Avian Respiratory System: Functional Efficiency Built on Structural Complexity. F Animal Science 2022;3.
• 5. Fedde MR. Relationship of structure and function of the avian respiratory system to disease susceptibility. Poultry Sci 1998;77(8): 1130–1138.
• 6. Clippinger TL. Diseases of the lower respiratory tract of companion birds. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 1997;6(4): 201–208.
• 7. Forbes NA. Avian gastrointestinal surgery. Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine 2002;11(4): 196–207.
• 8. Langlois I, Jones MP. Ventral abdominal hernia associated with hepatic lipidosis in a red lory (Eos bornea). J Avian Med Surg 2001;15(3): 216-222.
• 9. Amer MS, Hassan EA, Torad FA. Radiographic and ultrasonographic characteristics of ventral abdominal hernia in pigeons (Columba livia). J Vet Med Sci 2018;80(2): 292–296.
• 10. Parrah JD, Dar KH, Athar H, Qureshi B. Surgical management of abdominal hernia in a duck (Anas platyrhynchos). M J Vetr 2016;1: 1-4.
• 11. Anderson K, Brandão J, Mans C. Lateral body wall herniation involving the oviduct in two psittacine birds. J Avian Med Surg 2018;32(4): 328-335.
• 12. Burton EJ, Newnham R, Bailey SJ, Alexander LG. Evaluation of a fast, objective tool for assessing body condition of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). J Anim Physiol An N 2014;98(2): 223-227.
• 13. Jahromi AR, Dehghani SN, Haddadi S. Ventral abdominal hernia in a common myna (Acridotheres tristis) Vet Arhiv 2009;79(6): 621-625.
• 14. Chıba A, Honma R, Toyama M, Watanabe M. Abdominal hernia in a northern pintail anas acuta as revealed by necropsy, radiography, and x-ray computed tomography. Ornithol Sci 2007;6(2): 137-140.
• 15. Lee SY, Kim HJ, Kim JW. Deflation treatment for subcutaneous emphysema in a goffin cockatoo (Cacatua goffini). J Vet Clin 2011;28(5): 519-521.
• 16. Harris JM. Teflon Dermal Stent for The Correction of Subcutaneous Emphysema. Proc Annu Conf Assoc Avian Vet 1991: 20-21.
• 17. Bennett RA, Harrison GJ. Soft tissue surgery. In: Avian medicine: principles and application. 2nd ed. Lake Worth, FL: Wingers Publishing; 2008. p. 1096-1136.
• 18. Schmidt- Nielsen K, Kanwisher J, Lasiewski RC, Cohn JE, Bretz WL. Temperature regulation and respiration in the ostrich. The Condor 1969;71: 341-352.
• 19. Browning GR, Eshar D, Tucker-Mohl K, Berke K. Diagnosis and surgical repair of a chronic ruptured cervical air sac in a double yellow-headed amazon parrot (Amazona ochrocephala oratrix). J Exot Pet Med 2019;29: 45-50.