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Senna alata’nın Aköz Kök Ekstraktının Alloksan ile İndüklenmiş Diyabetli Wistar Sıçanlarında Hipoglisemik ve Hipolipidemik Aktiviteleri

Year 2023, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 83 - 88, 16.08.2023

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, alloksan ile diyabet oluşturulan sıçanlar kullanılarak Senna alata’nın sulu kök özütünün hipoglisemik ve hipolipidemik etkileri incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma için yirmi erkek albino
Wistar sıçan seçilmiştir. Sıçanlar rastgele olarak 4 gruba (1-4) ayrılmıştır, her bir grup içinde 5 sıçan bulunmaktadır. Alloksan monohidrat, 2-4 grup sıçanlarına 160 mg/kg dozda intraperitoneal olarak uygulanmıştır. Uygulamanın 48 saat sonrasında ve diabetes mellitus’un teyidi üzerine (açlık kan şekeri ≥ 126 mg/dl), 3. gruptaki sıçanlara Senna alata özütü (400 mg/kg) ile 4. gruptaki sıçanlara glibenklamid (2 mg/kg) tedavisi uygulanmıştır. 1. ve 2. grup sıçanlar ise sırasıyla normal kontrol ve negatif kontrol grupları olarak belirlenmiş olup, distile su verilmiştir. Ardışık 21 gün boyunca tedaviler günde bir kez oral yolla uygulanmıştır. Tüm gruplardaki sıçanların açlık kan şekeri düzeyleri 1 saat, 6 saat, 24 saat, 7 gün, 14 gün ve 21 gün sonra kontrol edilmiştir. Tedavinin 21. gününde, tüm gruplardan serum örnekleri lipid paneli ve böbrek fonksiyonu incelemesi için toplanmış, pankreaslar ise taze olarak histomorfoloji için alınmıştır. Senna alata özütü ile tedavi edilen sıçanlar, tedavi edilmemiş (negatif kontrol) grup içindeki diyabetik sıçanlara kıyasla açlık kan şekeri, kolesterol, trigliserit ve düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein düzeylerinde belirgin bir şekilde azalma göstermiş, aynı
zamanda yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein düzeylerinde artış gözlenmiştir. Senna alata özütü ile tedavi edilen sıçanların pankreas histomorfolojisi, tedavi edilmemiş diyabetik gruba kıyasla daha
fazla beta hücresi popülasyonunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, Senna alata’nın sulu kök özütünün hipoglisemik ve hipolipidemik etkilere sahip olduğunu ve diyabetik sıçanlarda alloksanın neden
olduğu pankreas dokusundaki hasarı onardığını göstermiştir

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Global Health Report on Diabetes. Geneva: WHO; 2016.
  • 2. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Sanders Co; 2000:915-928.
  • 3. James A, Luke B. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):62-69. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Baramurugan AN, Miyamoto WW, Inoue K, Tabata Y. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetes in animal models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;26:102-103.
  • 5. Masiello P. Animal models of type II diabetes with reduced pancreatic beta cell mass. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2006;38(5-6):873-893. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Cynthia MK. The Merck Veterinary Mannual. 9th ed, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA: Merck and Co. Inc.; 2004:168.
  • 7. Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, et al. Intensive Diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(25):2643-2653. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Adeneye AA, Agbaje EO. Pharmacological evaluation of oral Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects of fresh leaves of ethanol extract of Moringa lucidia Benth in normal andAlloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Afr J Biomed Res. 2008;11(1):65-71.
  • 9. De Ameida I, Alviano DS, Vieira DP, Alves PB, Blank AF, Lopes AH. Anti-giardia activity of Occimium Basilicum essential oil. Parasitological research. 2007;101(4):43-52.
  • 10. Chaughule RS, Barve RS. Role of herbal medicines in the treatment of infectious diseases. Vegetos. 2023:1-11. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Liu A, Xu L, Zou Z, Yang S. Studies on chemical constituents from leaves of Cassia alata. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2009;34(7):861-863.
  • 12. Fatmawati S, Yuliana PAS, Bakar MFA. Chemical constituents, usage and Pharmacological activity of Cassia alata. Helyion. 2020;6(7):43-53.
  • 13. Oladeji OS, Adelowo FE, Oluyori AP, Bankole DT. Ethnobotanical description and biological activities of Senna alata. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:2580259. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Varghese GK, Bose LV, Habtemariam S. Antidiabetic components of Cassia alata leaves: identification through α-glucosidase inhibition studies. Pharm Biol. 2013;51(3):345-349. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Onyegeme-Okerenta B, Anacletus F. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials of Senna alata and its effect on the pancreas of alloxan-diabetic induced Albino rats. J Appl Life Sci Int. 2017;11(1):1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Sugumar M, Doss DVA, Maddisetty PNP. Hepato-renal protective effects of hydroethanolic extract of Senna alata on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Integr Med Res. 2016;5(4):276-283. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Uwazie JN, Yakubu MT, Ashafa AOT, Ajiboye TO. Identification and characterization of antidiabetic principle in Senna alata (Linn.) flower in alloxan-induced diabetic male rats. JEthnopharmacol. 2020;261:10-16.
  • 18. Bucolo G, David H. Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes. Clin Phytosci. 1973;19(5):476-482. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Richmond W, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of serum total cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1976;20(4):470-475.
  • 20. Albers JJ, Warnick GR, Chenng MC. Quantification of high-density lipoproteins. Lipids. 1978;13(12):926-932. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Blass KG, Thibert RJ, Lam LK. A study of the mechanism of the Jaffe reaction. Clin Biochem. 1974;12(7):336-343. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Fawcett JK, Scott JE. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol. 1960;13(2):156-159. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Drury RA. Wallington A and Cameroun SR. In: Carlleton’s Histological Techniques. New York: Oxford University press; 1967:1-420.
  • 24. Ayinla MT, Dada SO, Shittu ST, Olayaki LA, Akiode AO, Ojulari SL. Antihyperlipidemic effect of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum in alloxan- induced diabetic rats. Int J Med Sci. 2011;3: 360-363.
  • 25. Soliman AM. Potential impact of Paracentrotus lividus extract on diabetic rat models induced by high fat/stretozotocin. J Basic Sci Appl Res. 2016;77:8-20.
  • 26. Reuben Okoduwa S, Umar IA, James DB, Inuwa HM. Validation of the antidiabetic effects of Vernonia amygdalina delile leaf fractions in fortified diet-fed streptozotocin-treated rat model of type-2 Diabetes. J Diabetol. 2017;8(3):74-85. [CrossRef]
  • 27. Ozkurk SA, Aytekin I, Ozsoy HO, Ozkurk AN, Yttmaz N. Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on oxidative stress, histhopathology and some biochemical parameters in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Turk J Biochem. 2015;40(2):149-156.
  • 28. Kane JP, Pullinger CR, Goldfine ID, Malloy MJ. Dislipidemia and Diabetes: role of lipoprotein species and interrelated pathways in lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2021;61:21-27. [CrossRef]
  • 29. Sharma SB, Gupta S, Ac R, Singh UR, Rajpoot R, Shukla SK. Antidiabetogenic action of Morus rubra L. leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:247-255.
  • 30. Omran LMS, Alourfi Z, Barakat YA. The role of lipoprotein (a) and dislipidemia in diabetic retinopathy in a sample of Syrian Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arab Board Med J. 2022;23(1):28-34.
  • 31. Nanna RS, Pamulaparthi A, Prathap V, Banala M. Experimental evaluation of antidiabetic activity and antihyperlipidemic evaluation of leaf extracts of Senna alata in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharm Med Res. 2015;2:227-237.
  • 32. Farah RI, Al-Sabbagh MQ, Momani MS, et al. Diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2021;22(1):223. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Martha T, Zainab MA, Khaled KA, Lenia HS, Mushim A. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic properties of garlic (Allium sativum) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Diabetes Metab. 2007;15:108-115.
  • 34. Eliakim-Ikechukwu CF, Obri AI. Histological changes in the pancreas following administration of ethanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolialeaf in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Nig J Phys Sci. 2012;24(2):153-155. [CrossRef]

Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats

Year 2023, Volume: 18 Issue: 2, 83 - 88, 16.08.2023

Abstract

In this study, rats with alloxan-induced diabetes were used to examine the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Senna alata aqueous root extract. Twenty male albino Wistar rats were
selected for this study. They were randomly assigned into 4 groups (1-4) of 5 rats in each group. Alloxan monohydrate was administered intraperitoneally to groups 2-4 rats at 160 mg/kg. Fortyeight hours after administration and upon confirmation of diabetes mellitus (fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL), group 3 rats were treated with Senna alata extract (400 mg/kg) while group 4 rats were treated with glibenclamide (2 mg/kg). Groups 1 and 2 rats received distilled water and were apportioned as normal and negative control groups, respectively. For 21 consecutive days, the treatments were given orally, once daily. Rats in all groups had their fasting blood glucose levels checked after 1 hour, 6 hours, 24 hours, 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days. On the 21 days post-treatment, serum samples were collected from all groups for lipid panel and kidney function examination while pancreases were freshly harvested for histomorphology. In comparison to the diabetic rats in the untreated (negative control) group, the Senna alata extract-treated rats had significantly reduced levels of fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein but higher levels of high-density lipoprotein. Histomorphology of the pancreas of rats treated with Senna alata extract revealed more populations of beta-cells compared to that of the diabetic untreated group. This study has demonstrated that aqueous root extract of Senna alatahas hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities and restored pancreatic tissue from injury caused by the alloxan challenge in diabetic rats.

References

  • 1. World Health Organization. Global Health Report on Diabetes. Geneva: WHO; 2016.
  • 2. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Textbook of Medical Physiology. 10th ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Sanders Co; 2000:915-928.
  • 3. James A, Luke B. Diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(1):62-69. [CrossRef]
  • 4. Baramurugan AN, Miyamoto WW, Inoue K, Tabata Y. Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce diabetes in animal models. J Ethnopharmacol. 2013;26:102-103.
  • 5. Masiello P. Animal models of type II diabetes with reduced pancreatic beta cell mass. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2006;38(5-6):873-893. [CrossRef]
  • 6. Cynthia MK. The Merck Veterinary Mannual. 9th ed, Whitehouse Station, New Jersey, USA: Merck and Co. Inc.; 2004:168.
  • 7. Nathan DM, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, et al. Intensive Diabetes treatment and cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2005;353(25):2643-2653. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Adeneye AA, Agbaje EO. Pharmacological evaluation of oral Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effects of fresh leaves of ethanol extract of Moringa lucidia Benth in normal andAlloxan-induced Diabetic Rats. Afr J Biomed Res. 2008;11(1):65-71.
  • 9. De Ameida I, Alviano DS, Vieira DP, Alves PB, Blank AF, Lopes AH. Anti-giardia activity of Occimium Basilicum essential oil. Parasitological research. 2007;101(4):43-52.
  • 10. Chaughule RS, Barve RS. Role of herbal medicines in the treatment of infectious diseases. Vegetos. 2023:1-11. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Liu A, Xu L, Zou Z, Yang S. Studies on chemical constituents from leaves of Cassia alata. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2009;34(7):861-863.
  • 12. Fatmawati S, Yuliana PAS, Bakar MFA. Chemical constituents, usage and Pharmacological activity of Cassia alata. Helyion. 2020;6(7):43-53.
  • 13. Oladeji OS, Adelowo FE, Oluyori AP, Bankole DT. Ethnobotanical description and biological activities of Senna alata. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2020;2020:2580259. [CrossRef]
  • 14. Varghese GK, Bose LV, Habtemariam S. Antidiabetic components of Cassia alata leaves: identification through α-glucosidase inhibition studies. Pharm Biol. 2013;51(3):345-349. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Onyegeme-Okerenta B, Anacletus F. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic potentials of Senna alata and its effect on the pancreas of alloxan-diabetic induced Albino rats. J Appl Life Sci Int. 2017;11(1):1-10. [CrossRef]
  • 16. Sugumar M, Doss DVA, Maddisetty PNP. Hepato-renal protective effects of hydroethanolic extract of Senna alata on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Integr Med Res. 2016;5(4):276-283. [CrossRef]
  • 17. Uwazie JN, Yakubu MT, Ashafa AOT, Ajiboye TO. Identification and characterization of antidiabetic principle in Senna alata (Linn.) flower in alloxan-induced diabetic male rats. JEthnopharmacol. 2020;261:10-16.
  • 18. Bucolo G, David H. Quantitative determination of serum triglycerides by the use of enzymes. Clin Phytosci. 1973;19(5):476-482. [CrossRef]
  • 19. Allain CC, Poon LS, Chan CSG, Richmond W, Fu PC. Enzymatic determination of serum total cholesterol. Clin Chem. 1976;20(4):470-475.
  • 20. Albers JJ, Warnick GR, Chenng MC. Quantification of high-density lipoproteins. Lipids. 1978;13(12):926-932. [CrossRef]
  • 21. Blass KG, Thibert RJ, Lam LK. A study of the mechanism of the Jaffe reaction. Clin Biochem. 1974;12(7):336-343. [CrossRef]
  • 22. Fawcett JK, Scott JE. A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol. 1960;13(2):156-159. [CrossRef]
  • 23. Drury RA. Wallington A and Cameroun SR. In: Carlleton’s Histological Techniques. New York: Oxford University press; 1967:1-420.
  • 24. Ayinla MT, Dada SO, Shittu ST, Olayaki LA, Akiode AO, Ojulari SL. Antihyperlipidemic effect of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum gratissimum in alloxan- induced diabetic rats. Int J Med Sci. 2011;3: 360-363.
  • 25. Soliman AM. Potential impact of Paracentrotus lividus extract on diabetic rat models induced by high fat/stretozotocin. J Basic Sci Appl Res. 2016;77:8-20.
  • 26. Reuben Okoduwa S, Umar IA, James DB, Inuwa HM. Validation of the antidiabetic effects of Vernonia amygdalina delile leaf fractions in fortified diet-fed streptozotocin-treated rat model of type-2 Diabetes. J Diabetol. 2017;8(3):74-85. [CrossRef]
  • 27. Ozkurk SA, Aytekin I, Ozsoy HO, Ozkurk AN, Yttmaz N. Effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on oxidative stress, histhopathology and some biochemical parameters in streptozotocin- induced diabetic rats. Turk J Biochem. 2015;40(2):149-156.
  • 28. Kane JP, Pullinger CR, Goldfine ID, Malloy MJ. Dislipidemia and Diabetes: role of lipoprotein species and interrelated pathways in lipid metabolism in diabetes mellitus. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2021;61:21-27. [CrossRef]
  • 29. Sharma SB, Gupta S, Ac R, Singh UR, Rajpoot R, Shukla SK. Antidiabetogenic action of Morus rubra L. leaf extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 62:247-255.
  • 30. Omran LMS, Alourfi Z, Barakat YA. The role of lipoprotein (a) and dislipidemia in diabetic retinopathy in a sample of Syrian Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arab Board Med J. 2022;23(1):28-34.
  • 31. Nanna RS, Pamulaparthi A, Prathap V, Banala M. Experimental evaluation of antidiabetic activity and antihyperlipidemic evaluation of leaf extracts of Senna alata in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharm Med Res. 2015;2:227-237.
  • 32. Farah RI, Al-Sabbagh MQ, Momani MS, et al. Diabetic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nephrol. 2021;22(1):223. [CrossRef]
  • 33. Martha T, Zainab MA, Khaled KA, Lenia HS, Mushim A. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic properties of garlic (Allium sativum) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Diabetes Metab. 2007;15:108-115.
  • 34. Eliakim-Ikechukwu CF, Obri AI. Histological changes in the pancreas following administration of ethanolic extract of Alchornea cordifolialeaf in alloxan-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Nig J Phys Sci. 2012;24(2):153-155. [CrossRef]
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Veterinary Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Samuel Chıjıoke Attama This is me

Publication Date August 16, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 18 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Chıjıoke Attama, S. (2023). Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Veterinary Sciences and Practices, 18(2), 83-88.
AMA Chıjıoke Attama S. Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. August 2023;18(2):83-88.
Chicago Chıjıoke Attama, Samuel. “Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna Alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 18, no. 2 (August 2023): 83-88.
EndNote Chıjıoke Attama S (August 1, 2023) Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 18 2 83–88.
IEEE S. Chıjıoke Attama, “Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats”, Veterinary Sciences and Practices, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 83–88, 2023.
ISNAD Chıjıoke Attama, Samuel. “Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna Alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices 18/2 (August 2023), 83-88.
JAMA Chıjıoke Attama S. Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. 2023;18:83–88.
MLA Chıjıoke Attama, Samuel. “Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna Alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats”. Veterinary Sciences and Practices, vol. 18, no. 2, 2023, pp. 83-88.
Vancouver Chıjıoke Attama S. Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aqueous Root Extract of Senna alata in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Veterinary Sciences and Practices. 2023;18(2):83-8.

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