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Yaşayan Rezervlerden İnsan Harici Kişilere: Hayvanların Mülk Statüsü

Year 2022, , 7 - 29, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.47124/viraverita.1174718

Abstract

Eşit gözetim ilkesi, bir eylemin ahlaki anlamda doğruluğuna karar verirken eylemden etkilenenlerin benzer çıkarlarını gözetmeyi gerektirir. İnsan harici hayvanların da hissedebilir varlıklar olması sebebiyle bu değerlendirmeye dahil edilmesi hayvan etiğinin temellerinden biridir. Ancak bazı kuramcılar insan harici hayvanların gerek yasal anlamda gerekse halihazırdaki toplumsal normlar bağlamında mülk olarak konumlandırılmalarının hayvanların ahlaki bakımdan kayda değer bir biçimde gözetilmelerine engel teşkil ettiğini öne sürmektedir. Buradan yola çıkarak, eşit gözetimin mümkün olabilmesi için insan harici hayvanların mülk statülerinin kaldırılmasını ve “başkasının mülkü olmama hakkı” olarak tanımladıkları hakkın tüm hissedebilir varlıklar için bir temel hak olarak tanınmasını önermektedirler. Bu makalede, insan harici hayvanların mülk statüsünün kaldırılması yönündeki argümanlar ve bu argümanlara getirilen eleştiriler detaylı bir şekilde ele alınacaktır.

References

  • Bentham, J. (1996). An introduction to the principles of morals and legislation: The collected works of Jeremy Bentham. Oxford University Press.
  • Cochrane, A. (2009). Ownership and justice for animals. doi:10.1017/S0953820809990203
  • Cordeiro-Rodrigues, L. (2017). Animal abolitionism and ‘racism without racists’. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 2017 30:6, 30(6), 745-764. doi:10.1007/S10806-017-9697-0
  • Corman, L. ve Moore, R. (2004, 2 Kasım). Transcript of Gary Francione on the California ban on foie gras. Animal Voices. [Radyo Yayını Transkripti] Ciut 89.5 FM. https://animalvoicesradio.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/20041102_gary_francione.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Descartes, R. (1998). Discourse on method and meditations on first philosophy (Çev. Cress, D). taylorfrancis.com. Hackett Publishling Company.
  • Eardley, N. (2022, 19 Şubat). Ministers set to drop UK ban on foie gras and fur imports. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-60439796 adresinden erişildi.
  • Egelko, B. (2022, 6 Mayıs). Appeals court OKs out-of-state foie gras producers selling to Californians. San Francisco Chronicle. https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Appeals-court-OKs-out-of-state-foie-gras-17155221.php adresinden erişildi.
  • Fischer, B. (2018). Is Abolitionism guilty of racism? A reply to Cordeiro-Rodrigues. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 31(3), 295-306. doi:10.1007/S10806-018-9725-8
  • Francione, G. L. (1995). Animals, property and law. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Francione, G. L. (2000). Introduction to animal rights: Your child or the dog? Philadelphia: Temple Univ Press.
  • Francione, G. L. (2007). Reflections on Animals, property, and the law and Rain without thunder. Law and Contemporary Problems, 70(1), 9-58.
  • Francione, G. L. (2021). Why veganism matters: The moral value of animals. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Francione, G. L. ve Charlton, A. (2015). Animal rights: The abolitionist approach. Exempla Press.
  • Garner, R. (2011). In defence of animal sentience: A critique of Cochrane’s liberty thesis. Political Studies, 59(1), 175-187. doi:10.1111/J.1467-9248.2010.00848.X
  • Gautron, J., Réhault-Godbert, S., van de Braak, T. G. H. ve Dunn, I. C. (2021). Review: What are the challenges facing the table egg industry in the next decades and what can be done to address them? Animal, 15, 100282. doi:10.1016/J.ANIMAL.2021.100282
  • Göger, H. (2017). Civciv cinsiyetini kuluçkadan çıkmadan önce veya günlük yaşta belirleme yöntemleri. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 14(1), 13-19.
  • Jadeja, N. (2006). Why the status of animals should remain as property. M. D. Hauser, F. Cushman ve M. Kamen (Ed.), People, Property, or Pets? içinde (ss. 17-23). West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.
  • Landemore, H. (2006). Why should one reject the motion intending to remove animals from the status of property. M. D. Hauser, F. Cushman ve M. Kamen (Ed.), People, Property, Or Pets? içinde (ss. 65-76). West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.
  • Maurizi, M. (2021). Beyond nature. Leiden: Brill.
  • Newmyer, S. T. (1999). Speaking of beasts: The Stoics and Plutarch on animal reason and the modern case against animals. Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica, 63(3), 99. doi:10.2307/20546612
  • Nibert, D. (2013). Animal oppression and human violence: Domesecration, capitalism, and global conflict. New York: Columbia University Press. Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy, state, and utopia. New York: Basic Books.
  • People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2005a). Analysis of controlled-atmosphere killing vs. electric immobilization from an economic standpoint. https://www.peta.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CAKeconomicsynopsiswithletterhead.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2005b). Poultry producer CAK endorsements. https://www.peta.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CAKProducerEndorsements1.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Popova, T., Petkov, E., Ignatova, M., Vlahova-Vangelova, D., Balev, D., Dragoev, S. ve Kolev, N. (2022). Male layer-type chickens - an alternative source for high quality poultry meat: a review on the carcass composition, sensory characteristics and nutritional profile. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 24(3). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1615
  • Porphyry. (2000). On Abstinence from killing animals (Çev. Clark, G.). Bloomsbury Academic. doi:10.5040/9781472552075
  • Shue, H. (1980). Basic rights : subsistence, affluence, and U.S. foreign policy. Princeton University Press.
  • Singer, P. (2017). Practical ethics (3rd edition.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (CUP).
  • Sorabji, R. (1995). Animal minds and human morals: The origins of the western debate. Cornell University Press. doi:10.7591/9781501717888/HTML
  • Sunstein, C. R. (2001, 29 Ocak). Slaughterhouse jive. New Republic, 40-45. https://newrepublic.com/article/63234/slaughterhouse-jive adresinden erişildi. Tannenbaum, J. (1995). Animals and the law: Property, cruelty, rights. Social Research, 62(3), 539-607.
  • Weissmann, A., Reitemeier, S., Hahn, A., Gottschalk, J. ve Einspanier, A. (2013). Sexing domestic chicken before hatch: A new method for in ovo gender identification. Theriogenology, 80(3), 199-205. doi:10.1016/J.THERIOGENOLOGY.2013.04.014

From livestock to nonhuman persons: Property status of animals

Year 2022, , 7 - 29, 30.11.2022
https://doi.org/10.47124/viraverita.1174718

Abstract

The principle of equal consideration requires considering the similar interests of those affected by an action when deciding on the moral value of the action. Since nonhuman animals are sentient beings, including them in this assessment is one of the bases of animal ethics. However, several scholars argue that the positioning of nonhuman animals as property, both legally and in the context of current societal norms, is an obstacle to their significant moral consideration. Following this argument, for equal consideration to be possible, they propose abolishing the property status of nonhuman animals and recognizing the right “not to be the property of others” as a basic right for all sentient beings. In this article, the arguments for abolishing the property status of nonhuman animals and the criticisms brought to these arguments will be discussed in detail.

References

  • Bentham, J. (1996). An introduction to the principles of morals and legislation: The collected works of Jeremy Bentham. Oxford University Press.
  • Cochrane, A. (2009). Ownership and justice for animals. doi:10.1017/S0953820809990203
  • Cordeiro-Rodrigues, L. (2017). Animal abolitionism and ‘racism without racists’. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 2017 30:6, 30(6), 745-764. doi:10.1007/S10806-017-9697-0
  • Corman, L. ve Moore, R. (2004, 2 Kasım). Transcript of Gary Francione on the California ban on foie gras. Animal Voices. [Radyo Yayını Transkripti] Ciut 89.5 FM. https://animalvoicesradio.files.wordpress.com/2010/06/20041102_gary_francione.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Descartes, R. (1998). Discourse on method and meditations on first philosophy (Çev. Cress, D). taylorfrancis.com. Hackett Publishling Company.
  • Eardley, N. (2022, 19 Şubat). Ministers set to drop UK ban on foie gras and fur imports. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-60439796 adresinden erişildi.
  • Egelko, B. (2022, 6 Mayıs). Appeals court OKs out-of-state foie gras producers selling to Californians. San Francisco Chronicle. https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/Appeals-court-OKs-out-of-state-foie-gras-17155221.php adresinden erişildi.
  • Fischer, B. (2018). Is Abolitionism guilty of racism? A reply to Cordeiro-Rodrigues. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 31(3), 295-306. doi:10.1007/S10806-018-9725-8
  • Francione, G. L. (1995). Animals, property and law. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
  • Francione, G. L. (2000). Introduction to animal rights: Your child or the dog? Philadelphia: Temple Univ Press.
  • Francione, G. L. (2007). Reflections on Animals, property, and the law and Rain without thunder. Law and Contemporary Problems, 70(1), 9-58.
  • Francione, G. L. (2021). Why veganism matters: The moral value of animals. New York: Columbia University Press.
  • Francione, G. L. ve Charlton, A. (2015). Animal rights: The abolitionist approach. Exempla Press.
  • Garner, R. (2011). In defence of animal sentience: A critique of Cochrane’s liberty thesis. Political Studies, 59(1), 175-187. doi:10.1111/J.1467-9248.2010.00848.X
  • Gautron, J., Réhault-Godbert, S., van de Braak, T. G. H. ve Dunn, I. C. (2021). Review: What are the challenges facing the table egg industry in the next decades and what can be done to address them? Animal, 15, 100282. doi:10.1016/J.ANIMAL.2021.100282
  • Göger, H. (2017). Civciv cinsiyetini kuluçkadan çıkmadan önce veya günlük yaşta belirleme yöntemleri. Tavukçuluk Araştırma Dergisi, 14(1), 13-19.
  • Jadeja, N. (2006). Why the status of animals should remain as property. M. D. Hauser, F. Cushman ve M. Kamen (Ed.), People, Property, or Pets? içinde (ss. 17-23). West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.
  • Landemore, H. (2006). Why should one reject the motion intending to remove animals from the status of property. M. D. Hauser, F. Cushman ve M. Kamen (Ed.), People, Property, Or Pets? içinde (ss. 65-76). West Lafayette: Purdue University Press.
  • Maurizi, M. (2021). Beyond nature. Leiden: Brill.
  • Newmyer, S. T. (1999). Speaking of beasts: The Stoics and Plutarch on animal reason and the modern case against animals. Quaderni Urbinati di Cultura Classica, 63(3), 99. doi:10.2307/20546612
  • Nibert, D. (2013). Animal oppression and human violence: Domesecration, capitalism, and global conflict. New York: Columbia University Press. Nozick, R. (1974). Anarchy, state, and utopia. New York: Basic Books.
  • People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2005a). Analysis of controlled-atmosphere killing vs. electric immobilization from an economic standpoint. https://www.peta.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CAKeconomicsynopsiswithletterhead.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • People for Ethical Treatment of Animals. (2005b). Poultry producer CAK endorsements. https://www.peta.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/CAKProducerEndorsements1.pdf adresinden erişildi.
  • Popova, T., Petkov, E., Ignatova, M., Vlahova-Vangelova, D., Balev, D., Dragoev, S. ve Kolev, N. (2022). Male layer-type chickens - an alternative source for high quality poultry meat: a review on the carcass composition, sensory characteristics and nutritional profile. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 24(3). doi:10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1615
  • Porphyry. (2000). On Abstinence from killing animals (Çev. Clark, G.). Bloomsbury Academic. doi:10.5040/9781472552075
  • Shue, H. (1980). Basic rights : subsistence, affluence, and U.S. foreign policy. Princeton University Press.
  • Singer, P. (2017). Practical ethics (3rd edition.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (CUP).
  • Sorabji, R. (1995). Animal minds and human morals: The origins of the western debate. Cornell University Press. doi:10.7591/9781501717888/HTML
  • Sunstein, C. R. (2001, 29 Ocak). Slaughterhouse jive. New Republic, 40-45. https://newrepublic.com/article/63234/slaughterhouse-jive adresinden erişildi. Tannenbaum, J. (1995). Animals and the law: Property, cruelty, rights. Social Research, 62(3), 539-607.
  • Weissmann, A., Reitemeier, S., Hahn, A., Gottschalk, J. ve Einspanier, A. (2013). Sexing domestic chicken before hatch: A new method for in ovo gender identification. Theriogenology, 80(3), 199-205. doi:10.1016/J.THERIOGENOLOGY.2013.04.014
There are 30 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Philosophy
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Berk Efe Altınal 0000-0001-6987-8012

Publication Date November 30, 2022
Submission Date September 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Altınal, B. E. (2022). Yaşayan Rezervlerden İnsan Harici Kişilere: Hayvanların Mülk Statüsü. ViraVerita E-Dergi(16), 7-29. https://doi.org/10.47124/viraverita.1174718