Cadde-Düzey Bürokrasi Çalışmaları Üzerine Bir İnceleme

Year 2024, Volume: 15 Issue: 43, 1106 - 1120, 31.08.2024

Veysel Başusta , Mustafa Lamba

https://doi.org/10.21076/vizyoner.1391108

Abstract

Kamu politikalarının etkilerini belirlemede vatandaşa en yakın olacak şekilde faaliyet yürüten cadde-düzey bürokratların yani ön cephedeki memurların incelenmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Üst-düzey bürokratik ve siyasi elitlerin vatandaşla etkileşiminde çok kilit bir pozisyonu işgal eden cadde-düzey bürokratların, kamu hizmetinde çok önemli bir boşluğu dolduruyor olması, herkes tarafından kabul edilen şüphe götürmez bir gerçektir. Kamu hizmetinin en ön cephesinde çalışan bu memurlar, geçtiğimiz 40 yıl içinde her yönüyle mercek altına alınmıştır. Yerel, bölgesel ve ulusal düzeyde birçok nicel araştırmanın konusu olan cadde-düzey bürokrasi, aynı zamanda, kamu yönetimine ilişkin teorik tartışmalarda da kendine yer bulmuştur. Bu çalışmalarda ele alınan ilk konu, cadde-düzey bürokratların kullandığı takdir yetkisinin niteliği, etkileri ve belirleyicileridir. Takdir yetkisinin yanı sıra, cadde-düzey bürokratların kurum içindeki rolleri ve bürokratik elit ile hiyerarşik ilişkilerine ilişkin tartışmalar da literatürde önemli ölçüde yer kaplamaktadır. Üçüncü olarak ise cadde-düzey bürokratların kamu politikalarının uygulanması hususundaki kritik rolünün ele alındığı araştırma yazıları bulunmaktadır. Bunların yanı sıra dördüncü olarak, literatürün genişlemesine katkıda bulunan disiplinlerarası makaleler de bulunmaktadır. İşte bu çalışmada, bu dört ana başlık altında cadde-düzey bürokrasi literatürünün şematik bir incelemesi yapılmış ve literatürde en çok atıf alan çalışmalar kısaca analiz edilmiştir.

Keywords

Bürokrasi, Cadde-Düzey Bürokrasi, Takdir Yetkisi, Kamu Politikası

A Review on Street-Level Bureaucracy Studies

Abstract

It is very important to examine street-level bureaucrats who operate closest to the citizens in determining the effects of public policies. It is an unquestionable fact accepted by everyone that street-level bureaucrats, who occupy a very key position in the interaction of high-level bureaucratic and political elites with citizens, fill a very important gap in the public service. These civil servants, who work at the front lines of the public service, have been scrutinized in every aspect over the past 40 years. Street-level bureaucracy, which is the subject of many quantitative studies at local, regional and national levels, has also found its place in theoretical discussions on public administration. The first issue addressed in these studies is the nature, effects, and determinants of the discretion exercised by street-level bureaucrats. Secondly, discussions regarding the roles of street-level bureaucrats within the institution and their hierarchical relations with the bureaucratic elite also occupy a significant place in the literature. Thirdly, there are research articles that discuss the critical role of street-level bureaucrats in the implementation of public policies. In addition to these, fourthly, there are also interdisciplinary articles that contribute to the expansion of the literature. In this study, a schematic review of the street-level bureaucracy literature is made under these four main headings and the most cited studies in the literature are briefly analyzed.

Keywords

Bureaucracy, Street-Level Bureaucracy, Discretion, Public Policy

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