INVESTIGATIONS ON WOOD DESTROYING MARINE BORERS IN THE TURKISH COASTAL WATERS

Abstract

Wood is used in the marine environment for several purposes such as groynes, wharves, jetties, dolphins, and navigational posts.  It is also important material in the boat construction in many countries due to the wide availability, ease of fabrication, repair and maintenance, strength and elasticity properties. In the marine environment, wood is susceptible to attack and deterioration by marine wood-borers. Temperature and salinity of the seawater influence the distribution of wood-boring organisms. Most studies on wood durability in the marine environment involved in using of tropical timbers as well as wood preservatives or modified wood in different test sites in the world. Although Turkey is surrounded on three sides by the sea, less attention has been given to the marine borers and protection of wood in the marine conditions. The existence of Teredo navalis (shipworm) in the deep waters of Marmara was reported by early investigations. T. navalis was also found to be dominant species in the Western part of the Black Sea, heavily destroyed the Scots pine samples in one year. Investigations revealed that CCA and creosote shoved resistance to marine borers while the performance of copper azole was promising in the Black Sea. From the tropical wood species, wenge, douka, azobe and paduk showed great resistance to marine borers in the Turkish coastlines. Test sites in Trabzon, Ereğli and İskenderun exhibited the highest boring activity in comparison to the other test locations. Bankia carinata, Nototeredo norvagica, Teredo navalis, Lyrodus pedicellatus and Limnoria tripunctata were found in the wood samples in the Southern coasts of the Turkey. Teredothyra dominicensis was identified as an invasive species in the coast of Kaş in Antalya. DNA barcoding study proved that there was no difference in the barcodes of N. norvagica collected from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea.

Keywords

• Marine wood-borers,Teredinids,Limnoriids,Turkish coastal waters

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