Research Article
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Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 25 - 33, 30.12.2024

Abstract

This study compared the color parameters [∆a*, ∆C*, ∆H*, ∆b*, ∆L*, and ∆E*, a* (red color tone), L* (lightness), b* (yellow color tone), ho (hue tone), and C* (chroma)] of synthetic-based furniture varnish coatings applied to the heartwood and sapwood of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) and red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.). The results showed that the variance analyses were statistically significant. In all wood species and wood parts, the varnish application resulted in decreases in ho and L* parameters, while increases were observed in a* and C* parameters. In b* parameter, an increase was observed after varnish application on red pine heartwood and sapwood, as well as eucalyptus sapwood, while a decrease was found in eucalyptus heartwood. The total color differences (∆E*) were measured as 9.49 for the heartwood of red pine, 9.20 for its sapwood, 7.41 for the heartwood of eucalyptus, and 12.55 for its sapwood. In red pine, the ∆E* values for heartwood and sapwood were found to be very similar, while a different result was observed for eucalyptus wood. The SPSS results from the study demonstrated the significance of the changes observed after the varnish application.

References

  • ASTM D 2244-3, (2007). Standard practice for calculation or color tolerances and color, differences from instrumentally measured color coordinates, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D 3023-98, (2017). Standard practice for determining the resistance of factory-applied coatings on wood products to stains and reagents, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, United States.
  • Ayata, Ü., and Ayata, A., (2024). Ayous odununda renk özellikleri üzerine resim verniğinin, ısıl işlemin ve sirke ile karbonat kullanarak hazırlanmış olan çözeltinin etkileri, Technological Applied Sciences, 19(3): 23-33. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2024.19.3.2A0198.
  • Ayata, Ü., and Bal, B.C., (2024). Lati, mangga, balau red, karakavak ve awoura odun türlerinde sentetik vernik uygulamasının yapılması, Uzakdoğu 3. Uluslararası Uygulamalı Bilimler Kongresi, 2-9 Ekim 2024, Pekin, Çin, 128-137.
  • Ayata, Ü., Bilginer, E.H., Çamlıbel, O., and Ayata, A., (2024a). Sipo (Entandrophragma utile) ve maun (Swietenia mahagoni L.) odunlarında yat verniği uygulamasının renk değişikliği üzerine etkisinin araştırılması, Technological Applied Sciences, 19(2): 16-22. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2024.19.2.2A0197.
  • Ayata, Ü., Bilginer, E.H., Çamlıbel, O., and Kaplan, Ş., (2024b). Yalancı akasya (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) ahşabı yüzeylerine uygulanmış solvent bazlı yat verniği katmanlarında bazı yüzey özellikleri üzerine kat sayısının etkileri, Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 41-49.
  • Botannini, L.F., (2011). Wood: Types, Properties, and Uses; Nova Science Publishers Inc.: Hauppauge, NY, USA, pp. 1-244. ISBN 9781616688370.
  • Can, A., & Sivrikaya, H. (2014). Effects of nano-zinc oxide-based paint on the weathering performance of coated wood. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Processing Technologies for the Forest and Bio-based Products Industries (PTF BPI 2014) Kuchl/Salzburg, Austria, September 24-26, 2014.
  • Carrasco, T.E.N., (2007). Efecto del lijado sobre madera de Pinus radiata D. Don en los niveles de consumo de barnices.
  • Cecchini, C., (2014). Plastiche senza petrolio: dalle lacche cinesi ai bio-polimeri del futuro. AA.VV. Lectures. vol. 2 (pp. 23-45). Rome: Rdesignpress.
  • Deka, M., Humar, M., Rep, G., Kričej, B., Šentjurc, M., and Petrič, M. (2008). Effects of UV light irradiation on color stability of thermally modified, copper ethanolamine-treated, and non-modified wood: EPR and DRIFT spectroscopic studies. Wood Science and Technology, 42(5): 5-20. DOI: 10.1007/s00226-007-0147-4.
  • DIN 5033 (1979). Deutsche Normen, Farbmessung. Normenausschuß Farbe (FNF) im DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung eV, Beuth, Berlin, März.
  • Escala Martínez, S.F., (2018). Propuesta de barniz a base de Baba de Nopal aplicado en tableros y madera natural de pino, Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela de Construcción Civil.
  • Garza Contreras, A., (2019). Los acabados en la edificación básica.
  • Giordano, G., (1971). Tecnologia del legno, volume I, la materia prima. Torino: Unione tipografico - editrice torinese.
  • Guzmán Mejía, I.Q.E. (2016). Polyurethane coating from abietic acid, Department of Wood Engineering and Technology, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Master Thesis.
  • ISO 554, (1976). Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing, International Standardization Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Kim, J.Y., & Kim, B.R. (2021). Hygroscopicity and ultraviolet (UV) deterioration characteristics of finished woods. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 49(5), 471-481. DOI: 10.5658/WOOD.2021.49.5.471.
  • Lange, D.R., (1999). Fundamentals of Colourimetry - Application Report No. 10e. DR Lange: New York, NY, USA.
  • Liu, Q., Gao, D., and Xu, W. (2021). Influence of the bottom color modification and material color modification process on the performance of modified poplar. Coatings, 11(6), 660. DOI: 10.3390/coatings11060660.
  • Mendes, T.J., Gonçalez, J.C., Teles, R. F., & Lima, C. M. (2016). Effect of artificial weathering on wood laminates color treated with two finishing products. Cerne, 22(1), 101-110.DOI: 10.1590/01047760201622011911.
  • Nerey, L., (2002). Acabados superficiales electroquímicos en la industria, Parque Tecnológico de Mérida, Salpica. Mérida.
  • Nerey, L., (2007). Consideraciones técnicas de los acabados superficiales en el diseño de nuevos productos. XI Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería de Proyectos, Lugo, España, 26-28 de septiembre de 2007, 1867-1878.
  • Reinoso, R.H.V., Concepción, R.R.F., Sánchez, M.A.L., Simón, N.C., and Lazo, D.A.Á., (2019). Analysis of surface roughness of different woods in the provinces of Pinar del Río and Artemisa, Cuba, Revista Cubana de Ciencias Forestales, 7(1): 1-16.
  • Roffael, E., and Schneider, T. (1993). Investigation on Partial Subtitution of Strands in Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) by Different Lignocellulosic Raw Materials. Institute for Wood Biology and Wood Technology. Georg August University of Göttingen Busgenweg.
  • Trischler, & Partner, (2004). ¿Qué pintamos nosotros? La pintura de pared, Revista Options, septiembre-noviembre 2004.
  • Zacarias, D.C., Hermosillo, M.G., López, L.W., Segoviano, M.H., Rangel, J.Y., Saldaña, M.S., Correa Guerra, D.M., Guzmán Álvarez, G., and Núñez, R.Z., (2024). Aplicación y caracterización de la formulación base quitosano y partículas de TiO2 en madera. Verano de la Ciencia, 28.

SENTETİK BAZLI MOBİLYA VERİĞİYLE İŞLENEN OKALİPTÜS VE KIZILÇAM'IN ÖZ ODUNUNDA VE DİRİ ODUNUNDA RENK PARAMETRELERİNİN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2024, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 25 - 33, 30.12.2024

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, okaliptüs (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) ve kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) öz ve diri odunlarına uygulanan sentetik bazlı mobilya vernik katmanlarının renk parametreleri [∆a*, ∆C*, ∆H*, ∆b*, ∆L* ve ∆E*, a* (kırmızı renk tonunu), L* (açıklık), b* (sarı renk tonu), ho (renk tonu), ve C* (renk doygunluğu)] karşılaştırılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar, varyans analizlerinin istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğunu göstermiştir. Tüm odun türlerinde ve odun kısımlarında vernik uygulaması, ho ve L* parametrelerinde azalışlara, a* ve C* parametrelerinde ise artışlara yol açmıştır. b* parametresinde, kızılçam öz ve diri odunları ile okaliptüs diri odunlarında vernik uygulaması sonrasında artış görülürken, okaliptüs öz odunlarında azalma tespit edilmiştir. Toplam renk farklılıkları (∆E*) kızılçam öz odununda 9.49, kızılçam diri odununda 9.20, okaliptüs öz odununda 7.41 ve okaliptüs diri odununda ise 12.55 olarak ölçülmüştür. Kızılçamda, öz ve diri odunlarındaki ∆E* değerleri birbirine oldukça yakın bulunurken, okaliptüs odunlarında farklı bir sonuç elde edilmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen SPSS sonuçları, vernik uygulaması sonrasında gözlemlenen değişimlerin önemini göstermiştir.

References

  • ASTM D 2244-3, (2007). Standard practice for calculation or color tolerances and color, differences from instrumentally measured color coordinates, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
  • ASTM D 3023-98, (2017). Standard practice for determining the resistance of factory-applied coatings on wood products to stains and reagents, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, United States.
  • Ayata, Ü., and Ayata, A., (2024). Ayous odununda renk özellikleri üzerine resim verniğinin, ısıl işlemin ve sirke ile karbonat kullanarak hazırlanmış olan çözeltinin etkileri, Technological Applied Sciences, 19(3): 23-33. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2024.19.3.2A0198.
  • Ayata, Ü., and Bal, B.C., (2024). Lati, mangga, balau red, karakavak ve awoura odun türlerinde sentetik vernik uygulamasının yapılması, Uzakdoğu 3. Uluslararası Uygulamalı Bilimler Kongresi, 2-9 Ekim 2024, Pekin, Çin, 128-137.
  • Ayata, Ü., Bilginer, E.H., Çamlıbel, O., and Ayata, A., (2024a). Sipo (Entandrophragma utile) ve maun (Swietenia mahagoni L.) odunlarında yat verniği uygulamasının renk değişikliği üzerine etkisinin araştırılması, Technological Applied Sciences, 19(2): 16-22. DOI: 10.12739/NWSA.2024.19.2.2A0197.
  • Ayata, Ü., Bilginer, E.H., Çamlıbel, O., and Kaplan, Ş., (2024b). Yalancı akasya (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) ahşabı yüzeylerine uygulanmış solvent bazlı yat verniği katmanlarında bazı yüzey özellikleri üzerine kat sayısının etkileri, Artvin Çoruh Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(1): 41-49.
  • Botannini, L.F., (2011). Wood: Types, Properties, and Uses; Nova Science Publishers Inc.: Hauppauge, NY, USA, pp. 1-244. ISBN 9781616688370.
  • Can, A., & Sivrikaya, H. (2014). Effects of nano-zinc oxide-based paint on the weathering performance of coated wood. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Processing Technologies for the Forest and Bio-based Products Industries (PTF BPI 2014) Kuchl/Salzburg, Austria, September 24-26, 2014.
  • Carrasco, T.E.N., (2007). Efecto del lijado sobre madera de Pinus radiata D. Don en los niveles de consumo de barnices.
  • Cecchini, C., (2014). Plastiche senza petrolio: dalle lacche cinesi ai bio-polimeri del futuro. AA.VV. Lectures. vol. 2 (pp. 23-45). Rome: Rdesignpress.
  • Deka, M., Humar, M., Rep, G., Kričej, B., Šentjurc, M., and Petrič, M. (2008). Effects of UV light irradiation on color stability of thermally modified, copper ethanolamine-treated, and non-modified wood: EPR and DRIFT spectroscopic studies. Wood Science and Technology, 42(5): 5-20. DOI: 10.1007/s00226-007-0147-4.
  • DIN 5033 (1979). Deutsche Normen, Farbmessung. Normenausschuß Farbe (FNF) im DIN Deutsches Institut für Normung eV, Beuth, Berlin, März.
  • Escala Martínez, S.F., (2018). Propuesta de barniz a base de Baba de Nopal aplicado en tableros y madera natural de pino, Facultad de Ingeniería, Escuela de Construcción Civil.
  • Garza Contreras, A., (2019). Los acabados en la edificación básica.
  • Giordano, G., (1971). Tecnologia del legno, volume I, la materia prima. Torino: Unione tipografico - editrice torinese.
  • Guzmán Mejía, I.Q.E. (2016). Polyurethane coating from abietic acid, Department of Wood Engineering and Technology, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Master Thesis.
  • ISO 554, (1976). Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing, International Standardization Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
  • Kim, J.Y., & Kim, B.R. (2021). Hygroscopicity and ultraviolet (UV) deterioration characteristics of finished woods. Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology, 49(5), 471-481. DOI: 10.5658/WOOD.2021.49.5.471.
  • Lange, D.R., (1999). Fundamentals of Colourimetry - Application Report No. 10e. DR Lange: New York, NY, USA.
  • Liu, Q., Gao, D., and Xu, W. (2021). Influence of the bottom color modification and material color modification process on the performance of modified poplar. Coatings, 11(6), 660. DOI: 10.3390/coatings11060660.
  • Mendes, T.J., Gonçalez, J.C., Teles, R. F., & Lima, C. M. (2016). Effect of artificial weathering on wood laminates color treated with two finishing products. Cerne, 22(1), 101-110.DOI: 10.1590/01047760201622011911.
  • Nerey, L., (2002). Acabados superficiales electroquímicos en la industria, Parque Tecnológico de Mérida, Salpica. Mérida.
  • Nerey, L., (2007). Consideraciones técnicas de los acabados superficiales en el diseño de nuevos productos. XI Congreso Internacional de Ingeniería de Proyectos, Lugo, España, 26-28 de septiembre de 2007, 1867-1878.
  • Reinoso, R.H.V., Concepción, R.R.F., Sánchez, M.A.L., Simón, N.C., and Lazo, D.A.Á., (2019). Analysis of surface roughness of different woods in the provinces of Pinar del Río and Artemisa, Cuba, Revista Cubana de Ciencias Forestales, 7(1): 1-16.
  • Roffael, E., and Schneider, T. (1993). Investigation on Partial Subtitution of Strands in Oriented Strand Boards (OSB) by Different Lignocellulosic Raw Materials. Institute for Wood Biology and Wood Technology. Georg August University of Göttingen Busgenweg.
  • Trischler, & Partner, (2004). ¿Qué pintamos nosotros? La pintura de pared, Revista Options, septiembre-noviembre 2004.
  • Zacarias, D.C., Hermosillo, M.G., López, L.W., Segoviano, M.H., Rangel, J.Y., Saldaña, M.S., Correa Guerra, D.M., Guzmán Álvarez, G., and Núñez, R.Z., (2024). Aplicación y caracterización de la formulación base quitosano y partículas de TiO2 en madera. Verano de la Ciencia, 28.
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Timber, Pulp and Paper
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hüseyin Peker 0000-0002-7771-6993

Ümit Ayata 0000-0002-6787-7822

Publication Date December 30, 2024
Submission Date October 15, 2024
Acceptance Date November 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Peker, H., & Ayata, Ü. (2024). Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine. Wood Industry and Engineering, 6(2), 25-33.
AMA Peker H, Ayata Ü. Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine. WI&E. December 2024;6(2):25-33.
Chicago Peker, Hüseyin, and Ümit Ayata. “Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine”. Wood Industry and Engineering 6, no. 2 (December 2024): 25-33.
EndNote Peker H, Ayata Ü (December 1, 2024) Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine. Wood Industry and Engineering 6 2 25–33.
IEEE H. Peker and Ü. Ayata, “Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine”, WI&E, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 25–33, 2024.
ISNAD Peker, Hüseyin - Ayata, Ümit. “Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine”. Wood Industry and Engineering 6/2 (December 2024), 25-33.
JAMA Peker H, Ayata Ü. Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine. WI&E. 2024;6:25–33.
MLA Peker, Hüseyin and Ümit Ayata. “Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine”. Wood Industry and Engineering, vol. 6, no. 2, 2024, pp. 25-33.
Vancouver Peker H, Ayata Ü. Color Parameters Comparison in Varnished Heartwood and Sapwood of Eucalyptus and Red Pine. WI&E. 2024;6(2):25-33.

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