Welfare State in the Perspective of Knowledge Society: Finland Model

Year 2017, Volume: 7 Issue: 13, 48 - 75, 10.08.2017

Orhan Koçak Ersin Kavi Muharrem Es

https://doi.org/10.17828/yalovasosbil.333887

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Welfare State has spread around the world with application of Keynesian policies. Important
improvements happened in terms of social and economic development as well as the reduction of
class conflict in some regions after 1945s. This era, has been seen in North America and Europe and was taken as a model by some countries, is called Golden Age. Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland which are called Nordic Countries have adopted welfare state policies that are proper their characteristics. Finland, as a Nordic Country, was surviving with agriculture and forestry and poor one, is attracted attention both in achieving welfare state policies for 30-40 years which is very short time and as a model in welfare societies. While many welfare counties were compromising on welfare expanses in order to be able to compete with developed and developing countries in transition neoliberal policies after 1970s. Finland both has continued to apply welfare policies and became successful in transition knowledge society by acting and applying new regulations. In this study, whether knowledge society will meet the need of welfare society is to be investigated and then, as a model Finland will be examined.  

Keywords

Welfare State, Welfare Society, Knowledge Society, Finland

Bilgi Toplumu Perspektifinde Refah Devleti: Finlandiya Modeli

Abstract

Refah devleti Keynesyen politikaların uygulanması ile Dünya üzerinde yayılmış ve 1945 sonrasında belli bölgelerde sınıf çatışmasında azalma ile beraber, sosyal ve ekonomik alanlarda önemli ilerlemeler olmuştur. Altın çağ olarak da nitelendirilen bu dönem, özellikle Kuzey Amerika ve
Avrupa’da kendini göstermiş ve bazı ülkeler tarafından model olarak alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
İskandinav ülkeleri olarak nitelenen İsveç, Norveç, Danimarka ve Finlandiya ise kendilerine özgü
politikalar oluşturarak refah devleti politikalarını benimsemişlerdir. Bunların içinde tarım ve
ormancılık ekonomisi ile hayatta kalan ve fakir bir ülke olan Finlandiya’nın hem refah devleti
uygulamalarını 30-40 yıl öncesinden kısa zamanda hayata geçirmesi hem de refah toplumunda örnek bir ülke olması dikkatleri üzerine çekmiştir. Birçok refah devleti, 1970’li yıllardan sonraki neo-liberal politikalara geçiş sürecinde rekabet etme bahanesiyle refah devleti uygulamalarından taviz verirken, Finlandiya hem refah politikalarını uygulamaya devam etmiş, hem de yapılan düzenlemelerle bilgi toplumuna geçişte başarılı olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, bilgi toplumunun refah toplumunun ihtiyaçlarını karşılayıp karşılayamayacağına dair olan soru işaretlerine cevap bulmaya çalışırken, Finlandiya örneği incelenecektir.  

Keywords

refah devleti, refah toplumu, bilgi toplumu

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