Obezite ve Yoğun Bakım

Öz

Genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin etkisi ile gelişen obezite hem kilo hem de metabolik değişimi içeren bir sendromdur. Vücutta meydana getirdiği patofizyolojik değişiklikler genel olarak fizyolojik, proinflamatuvar ve kilo ile ilgili olmak üzere üç grupta toplanır. Obezite prevalansı artış gösteren önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Prevelansındaki artışla birlikte ilerleyen yıllarda yoğun bakıma kabul edilen hastalar arasında obezite oranı artacaktır. Obezitenin tüm sistemler üzerine olumsuz etkileri yoğun bakım süreci ile birleştiğinde hastanede ve mekanik ventilasyonda kalma sü- resinde uzama, enfeksiyon riskinde artma, yara iyileşmesinde gecikme, bası yaraları, en sık karşılaşılan sorunlardır. Ayrıca solunum, dolaşım, endokrin, gastrointestinal, kas iskelet ve üriner sistem üzerinde de birçok olumsuz etkileri görülmektedir. Tüm bu sorunlar ise ölüm riskini arttırmaktadır. Yoğun bakım ünitesinde obez hastaların tedavi ve bakımında öncelikle obezitenin vücut sistemleri üzerine etkisi bilinmelidir. Bu yazıda obezitenin sistemler üzerine olumsuz etkileri ve yoğun bakım süreci incelenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mekanik ventilasyon,obezite

Obesity and Intensive Care

Abstract

 Obesity, resulting from genetic and environmental factors, is a syndrome that combines both weight gain and metabolic alterations. The pathologic physiology changes caused in the body by obesity are generally attributable to one of these three groups of conditions: physiological, proinflammatory and weight gain. Obesity represents a major public health problem; its prevalence is increasing. Such an increased prevalence will increase the ratio of future obese patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). The combination of the effects of obesity on all body systems and of the intensive care procedures results most often in increased hospitalization and mechanical ventilation duration, increased risk of infection, delayed wound healing and increased pressure sores. Many other untoward effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and urinary systems are also observed. All these problems together increase mortality. When caring for obese patients in the ICU, knowing the effects of obesity on body systems is a priority. This article examines the adverse effects of obesity on body systems and intensive care

Keywords

• Intensive care unit,mechanical ventilation

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