KORONER ARTER BAYPAS CERRAHİSİ GEÇİREN HASTALARDA SAĞLIKLI YAŞAM BİÇİMİ DAVRANIŞLARININ SÜRDÜRÜLMESİ

Öz

Koroner arter hastalığı en yaygın görülen ölüm nedenlerinden biri olup genellikle düşük ve orta gelirli ülkelerde görülmektedir. Koroner hastalıklarının risk faktörlerinin önlenmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının önemi tüm dünyada vurgulanmış ve buna dair kanıta dayalı kılavuzlar yayınlanmıştır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması sonucunda koroner arter hastalığının yaklaşık olarak %60’ının önlenebileceği belirtilmiştir. Koroner arter hastalığının önlenmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasında tütün ürünlerinden uzak durulması, sağlıklı beslenme, kilo yönetimi, uygun ve düzenli fiziksel aktivite yapılması yer almaktadır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması sadece koroner arter hastalığının önlenmesinde önemli olmayıp sağlığın sürdürülmesinde de son derece önemlidir. Koroner arter hastalığının tedavisinde en sık tercih edilen yöntem haline gelen koroner arter baypas cerrahisinden sonra da sağlığın sürdürülmesinde sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazanılması önem taşımaktadır. Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışların kazanılmasında ve sağlığın sürdürülmesinde bireysel tercihler ön planda gibi görülse de hemşirelerin bilgileri yaygınlaştırılması ve uyumun sağlanması açısından önemli rolleri ve sorumlulukları bulunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda hemşirelerin sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarının kazandırılmasında hastalara ve ailelerine eğitim vermek, sosyal sorumluluk projelerinin oluşturmak ve bu alanda araştırmalar yapmak gibi birçok fırsatı da bulunmaktadır. Bu derlemede koroner arter hastalarına veya koroner arter baypas cerrahisi geçiren hastalara yönelik sağlık yaşam biçimi davranışlarına ve önerilere yer verilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• koroner arter hastalığı
• koroner arter baypas
• sağlıklı yaşam biçim
• hemşirelik

MAINTAINING HEALTHY LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS SURGERY

Abstract

Coronary artery disease is one of the most common causes of death and is generally seen in low and middle income countries. The importance of healthy lifestyle behaviors in preventing risk factors of coronary diseases has been emphasized all over the world and evidence-based guidelines have been published. It has been stated that approximately 60% of coronary artery disease can be prevented as a result of gaining healthy lifestyle behaviors. Healthy lifestyle behaviors in the prevention of coronary artery disease include avoiding tobacco products, healthy nutrition, weight management, and proper and regular physical activity. Acquiring healthy lifestyle behaviors is not only important in preventing coronary artery disease, but also in maintaining health. After coronary artery bypass surgery, which has become the most preferred method in the treatment of coronary artery disease, it is important to gain healthy lifestyle behaviors in maintaining health. Although individual preferences seem to be at the forefront in the acquisition of healthy lifestyle behaviors and maintaining health, nurses have important roles and responsibilities in terms of disseminating information and ensuring compliance. At the same time, nurses have many opportunities to teach healthy lifestyle behaviors to patients and their families, to create social responsibility projects and to conduct research in this field. This review includes health lifestyle behaviors and recommendations for patients with coronary artery disease or patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.

Keywords

• coronary artery disease
• coronary artery baypas
• helathy lifestyle

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